BACKGROUND/AIMS: In order to determine the relationship between the HBV precore mutant and the severity of liver disease in Korea, we performed liver biopsies in patients with HBV related chronic liver disease and compared the types of mutations and histologic findings in the same liver tissue simultaneously. METHODS: HBV DNA in liver tissues was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The precore mutants were detected by PCR-SSCP(single strand conformation polymorphism), cloning the amplified PCR products and direct sequencing for them. RESULTS: 1. HBV DNA was detected in liver tissues of 28 cases among 30 patients with PCR. And with SSCP, the most cases were mixed type infections. 2. The HBV precore mutants were found in 12 cases among the total number of 28 cases(42.9%) and all mutations were G to A change at nucleotide 1896, creating a stop codon at codon 28. However, 10 cases among 12 mutants were associated with simultaneous another mutation at different positions or regions;9 cases at core gene region, 2 cases at nucleotide 1856(C to T change at codon 15), one case at core promoter, and one case with double mutations at nucleotide 1837 and 1846 respectively. Also, all HBV precore mutants were combined with wild type HBV sequence. 3. The relationship between HBV precore mutants and HBeAg status revealed that 4 cases from 13 HBeAg positive(30.8%) and 8 from 15 HBeAg negative or Anti-Hbe positive(53.3 %) were mutants. 4. In analysis of the types of mutants and histopathological findings of liver diseases, 6 among 15 chronic active hepatitis(40.0%), all 3 cases with hepatocellular carcinoma(100,0 %), 2 among 4 asymptomatic carriers with minimal histopathologic changes(50.0%) and a case with chronic lobular heaptitis(100.0%) showed precore region mutation. CONCLUSION: The patterns of HBV precore mutants in Korea could be summarized as followings. Firstly, most of the mutations are composed of G to A change at nucleotide 1896. Secondly, the most of the mutants at nuclmtide 1896 have been associated with simultaneous mutations at core promoter, core gene, and rarely at other positions, and manifested usua'ly mixed type viremic conditions. Thirdly, although precore mutation could be occurred in asymptomatic carrier, this type of mutation might be closely related with chronic or severe liver disease. However, it needs further investigations hereafter.
Biopsy ; Clone Cells ; Cloning, Organism ; Codon ; Codon, Terminator ; DNA ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; Hepatitis B, Chronic* ; Hepatitis, Chronic* ; Humans ; Korea ; Liver Diseases ; Liver* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational

Talus is an important structure of the ankle joint and its function is critical for ambulation and weight bearing. The talus fracture is rare, but the complications of fracture and dislocation are serious and resulting in avascular necrosis, osteoarthritis. So its treatment is carefully considered at initial status. Authors reviewed 11 cases of fracture and dislocation of the talus treated at Yeungnam university hospital from 1984 to 1991. The longest follow up was 8 years and shortest, 1 years. The results were as follows. 1. There were all males, the average age was 30 years old. 2. The most common cause was fall down (8 cases), and next traffic accident (2 cases), sports injury (1 case). 3. According to Marti-Weber classification, 1 case was type I, 1 in type II, 4 in type III and 5 in type IV. 4. The method of treatment were open reduction and internal fixation in 6 cases, the others were closed reduction in 5 cases. 5. Final results (by Hawkins grading system) were as follows, 3 cases were excellent, 4 cases were good, 1 case was fair and 3 cases were poor. 6. Complications were AVN in 2 cases, degenerative arthritis in 8 cases, malunion in 1 case. 7. The range of motion of the ankle joint was relatively preserved (74%), but in the subtalar joint it was decreased (43%)
Accidents, Traffic ; Ankle Joint ; Athletic Injuries ; Classification ; Dislocations ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Methods ; Necrosis ; Osteoarthritis ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Subtalar Joint ; Talus* ; Walking ; Weight-Bearing

No abstract available.
Anemia, Neonatal* ; Fetal Blood* ; Infant, Newborn

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae* ; Mycoplasma* ; Pneumonia* ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma*

No abstract available.
Leg*

No abstract available.
Cesarean Section* ; Female ; Pregnancy

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of the Ellman Dento-Surg 90FFP for the isolated trichiasis or distichiasis. METHODS: 61 eyelashes of 23 patients, who were diagnosed as trichiasis or distichiasis and had less than 5 aberrant cilia that were isolated, were treated with the Ellman Dento-Surg 90FFP. At 1 week, 1 month, 2 month and 6 month postoperatively, we examined the success rate and postoperative complication. RESULTS: Fifteen eyelashes of 9 patients were regrown after mean 1.3month follow-up period (75.4% success rate). Among 10 eyelashes of 6 patients, 2 eyelashes of 2 patients were regrown (80% success rate). Thirteen patients experienced mild burning sensation 1-2 days postoperatively. Eyelid notching was observed in 2 patients. CONCLUSIONS: High frequency radio wave electrosurgery with Ellman Dento-Surg 90FFP is a simple and secure procedure with high success rate and negligible complication, and can be effectively used to treat isolated trichiasis or distichiasis.
Burns ; Cilia ; Electrosurgery ; Eyelashes ; Eyelids ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Postoperative Complications ; Radio Waves ; Sensation ; Trichiasis*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Pneumonectomy*

No abstract available.
Primary Myelofibrosis*

Congenital hypoprothrombinemia is a rare congenital coagulation defect. The clinical signs are manifestation of generalized tendency such as; mucosal bleeding, hypermenorrhea and post tooth extraction hemorrage. It is associated with prolongation of PT and PTT with normal thrombin time and decreased serum prothrombin level. A case with congenital hypoprothrombinemia was experienced by the authors. A 36 days old male baby was admitted with palor skin and vomiting started one day before admission. Right side brain parenchymal hemorrhage and left shift of lateral ventricle were on brain CT scan. Prologation of prothrombin time and partial prothrombin time with decreased serum prothrombin level were resulted. Serum factor I, V, VII, VIII, IX and X were within normal level. We report a case congenital hypoprothrombinemia with a brief review of relaed literatures.
Brain ; Female ; Fibrinogen ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hypoprothrombinemias* ; Lateral Ventricles ; Male ; Menorrhagia ; Prothrombin ; Prothrombin Time ; Skin ; Thrombin Time ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Tooth Extraction ; Vomiting