No abstract available.
HIV-1* ; Humans* ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha*

No Abstract Available.
Diagnosis* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay* ; Flagellin* ; Leptospirosis*

The authors reviewed 3145 pediatric patients who visited the emergecy room in this hospital during 3yrs period from Jan. 1989 to Dec. 1991. 1) Among the patients visiting the emergency room, the patients under 15 years of age were 26.4% (3145) of total emergency patients (11930). 2) yearly distribution of patients were decreased 17% between 1989 and 1991. 3) Monthly distribution of visits showed higher incidence in June and July. The male to female ratio was 1.5:1. 4) Weekly distribution of visits showed higher incidence on Sunday and Saturday, relatively. 5) Most popular time of visiting the emergency room was between 8:00 PM to 12:00 PM during which time 29.5% of all pediatric patient were seen. 6) Distribution of age showed peak incidence between 6 and 12 years of age (30.9%). 7) 65.18% of total emergency room isits were pediatric patients. 8) Distribution of cases was as follows: Respiratory disease 37%, accident, GI disease in turn listed respectively in ecreasing order of freqency. 9) The admission rate through emergency was 8.5% of total pediatric emergency patients. 10) 82.3% of total emergency visits had medical insurance coverage, 7% had no insurance and 10.7% were on medical aid program.
Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Insurance ; Insurance Coverage ; Male

The peritoneal equilibration test(PET) has been recommended in adults as a standardized means of estimating solute transport. However, it appears that norrns for pediatric PD patients may be different. We performed a PET on 16 children aged 3 to 18 years using a dwell volume for 30ml/kg of 2.596 dialysate. Our children transported glucose more rapidly than adults, however, creatinine transport was not significantly different. Age did not correlate with D/13% glucose or drainage volume. There was negative correlation between D/D% glucose and D/P Cr. There was no significant difference between initial and maintenance CAPD patients. There was slight difference in patients with previous peritonitis. In conclusion, there was difference in glucose transport between children and adults.
Adult ; Child* ; Creatinine ; Drainage ; Glucose ; Humans ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory* ; Peritonitis

This study was conducted to evaluate and to recognize the status and the problems of working conditions, and industrial accidents for migrant workers in a group of 342 who lives in Ansan area, Kyunggi province. By the questionnaire written by 5 languages (English, Bangladesh, Indonesian, Chinese and Korean), the informations of socio-demographic factors, occupational conditions of engaged company and general & occupational health status were obtained from June, 1st to July 30th, 1998. We used the ANOVA to examine differences of working hours, days and average monthly wages between overseas industrial trainee and illegal migrant workers, and by using logistic regression, odds ratio of general risk factors for industrial accidents in migrant workers were calculated. The results obtained were as follows 1. The major distribution of nationals were from Philippine, Indonesia, Bangladesh and China(92.1%), and the most of subjects were man(78.9%) and over high school graduate(81.9%). 2. Most migrant workers worked at small scale companies under 50 employees, and engaged in dye, textile clothing, leather industry. The average working hours were 59.9 hours per week in overseas industrial trainee, 64.9 hours in illegal migrant worker respectively. 3. Trainees have transferred to another company for 1.89 times, and workers who have changed qualification from trainee to illegal status were 3.09 tims, and illegal workers moved 2.36 times. The major portion of reason to move to another company were low salary and overdue salary. 4. Trainees, workers who have changed position from trainee to illegal status, and illegal workers knows 62.27%, 42.31%, and 20.45% in each about legal documentation for foreign industrial trainees in Korea "Regulations for protecting and managing of foreign industrial trainees in Korea" published on March 1995. Additionally, trainees and illegal workers have experienced medical examination by 52.3% and 18.2% respectively. 5. Industrial accident condition from Jun. 1st, 1997 to Dec. 3lth, 1997 were as follows in case of frequent rate, trainees and illegal workers were 30.04, 23.78 each, and 8.6%, 7.4% for industrial accident rate respectively. 6. The most common causes and types of industrial accident were inappropriate motions of body and abrasion, and body sites most vulnerable to injury were the hands and fingers. The results suggest that working status and industrial accidents of migrant workers are very poor in Korea. Therefore, occupational safety and health policy aimed at migrant workers are needed to protect the migrant workers.
Accidents, Occupational* ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Bangladesh ; Clothing ; Fingers ; Gyeonggi-do ; Hand ; Health Policy ; Humans ; Indonesia ; Korea* ; Logistic Models ; Occupational Health ; Odds Ratio ; Questionnaires ; Risk Factors ; Salaries and Fringe Benefits ; Textiles ; Transients and Migrants*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the impacts of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination-related health belief, attitudes toward HPV vaccination, and subjective norms on HPV vaccination intent targeting mothers of elementary school daughters. METHODS: The study use a correlative survey design. The subjects of the study were 121 mothers of elementary school daughters located in metropolitan city B. All subjects agreed to participate in the study. The data were collected from September 1 to October 18, 2018, and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Independent t-test, ANOVA with a post hoc Scheffé test, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. RESULTS: Attitude toward HPV vaccination, subjective norms, vaccination plans for their children, and mother's vaccination status were significant factors influencing HPV vaccination intention. These factors accounted for 72% of the HPV vaccination intention. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that factors affecting the intention of mothers of elementary school daughters to vaccinate against HPV were HPV vaccination attitudes, subjective norms, vaccination plans for their children, and mother's vaccination status. The biggest influencing factor was HPV vaccination attitudes. Therefore, in order to encourage mothers of elementary school daughters to vaccinate against HPVs, national-level policies should be implemented to create a social atmosphere of positive attitudes toward HPV vaccinations that also emphasizes how easy it is to get vaccinated against HPV. Based on this, mothers of elementary school daughters should be encouraged to have them vaccinated against HPV, thus contributing to improving the HPV vaccination rates of elementary school girls.
Atmosphere ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Intention ; Mothers ; Nuclear Family ; Social Norms ; Vaccination

Here we report a case of successful heart transplantation (HT) in a patient with high risk on HT due to her complex congenital heart disease and its consequent complications; physiologic single lung and severe pulmonary arterial hypertension. HT was successfully performed in our patient using meticulous perioperative management techniques, such as control of collateral vessels, appropriate donor selection, pulmonary vasodilator therapy, post-transplant extracorporeal membranous oxygenation support, and atrial septostomy for right ventricular unloading.

Dioscorea batatas is widely used in Asia as a herbal medicine or food product with potential health benefits. There have been several reports of occupational asthma caused by inhalation of D. batatas dust. However, there has been no report of systemic allergic reactions after oral administration of D. batatas. Two patients with D. batatas allergy were enrolled. One had experienced severe urticaria and angioedema after indigestion, and the other had been exposed to D. batatas dust and was diagnosed as having occupational asthma. Both patients had high serum-specific IgE and IgG4 antibodies to D. batatas. And IgE immunoblot demonstrated that both sera bound to a 27-kDa protein with an IgE-binding motif, which was revealed by 2-D-electrophoresis to have the sequence Asn-Val-Glu-Asp-Glu-Phe-Ser-X-Ile- Glu-Gly-Asn-Pro-X-X-Pro-Glu-Asn-X-Gly (pI 6.40, 6.04). In conclusion, discorin from D. batatas (DB3S) was identified as the major allergen of D. batatas in patients sensitized via an oral or inhalant route.
Administration, Inhalation ; Administration, Oral ; Adult ; Allergens/*immunology ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Dioscorea/*immunology ; Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoblotting ; Immunoglobulin E/blood ; Immunoglobulin G/blood ; Molecular Sequence Data

At present, health care industries throughout the world are struggling with the challenges to set up financial structures as cost-effective ways and means of satisfying customer needs for health care services. Many hospitals consign foodservice management to foodservice companies for the purpose of efficiency. The companies taking charge of hospital foodservice are also striving to gain an advantage over keen competitions. This study applied Quality Function Deployment (QFD) to one hospital (which will be shown as [A hospital] below) managed by a contract foodservice company for the purpose of strategy planning to provide sustainable competitive advantage. First of all, this study scanned internal and external environment of [A hospital] by means of a Quality Measurement Tool and a fieldwork study. With the result of environment scanning, this study elicited 20 strategies through SWOT analysis, which were categorized by 4 perspectives such as financial, customer, internal process, learning and growth perspectives. Finally, the priorities of 20 strategies were extracted from QFD methodology. According to the results obtained by applying QFD to [A hospital] 's foodservice, the strategies which [A hospital] foodservice was obliged to introduce and implement were : the specialization of Children's hospital foodservice, scientific foodservice management through the standardization of foodservice operations, the maintenance of sanitary quality through sanitary system, the remodeling of facilities, the introduction of new equipment, the prompt and accurate response to customer needs, the development of appropriate patient menus, the provision of competitively priced meals for patient selection, the development of a demand forecast model by considering the characteristics of a children's hospital, improvement of productivity and the reduction of labor costs through the employment of experienced employees based on their seniority.
Delivery of Health Care ; Efficiency ; Employment ; Health Care Sector ; Humans ; Learning ; Meals ; Patient Selection

The global prevalence of childhood and adolescent obesity, exacerbated by the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, affects school-aged children and preschoolers. Early-onset obesity, which carries a high risk of metabolic complications, may contribute to a lower age at the onset of cardiovascular disease. As metabolic diseases such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease observed in adulthood are increasingly recognized in the pediatric population, there is an emphasis on moving disease susceptibility assessments from adulthood to childhood to enable early detection. However, consensus is lacking regarding the definition of metabolic diseases in children. In response, various indicators such as the pediatric simple metabolic syndrome score, continuous metabolic syndrome score, single-point insulin sensitivity estimator, and fatty liver index have been proposed in several studies. These indicators may aid the early detection of metabolic complications associated with pediatric obesity, although further validation studies are needed. Obesity assessments are shifting in perspective from visual obesity to metabolic health and body composition considerations to fill the gap in health impact assessments. Sarcopenic obesity, defined as the muscle- to-fat ratio, has been proposed in pediatric populations and is associated with metabolic health in children and adolescents. The National Health Screening Program for Children in Korea has expanded but still faces limitations in laboratory testing. These tests facilitate timely intervention by identifying groups at a high risk of metabolic complications. Early detection and intervention through comprehensive health screening are critical for mitigating long-term complications of childhood obesity.