1.Analysis of Relationship between Reflux Symptom Index and Psychiatric Problems.
In Jun PARK ; Jun Myung KANG ; Jae Hyun SEO ; Se Hwan HWANG ; Ho Young YOUN ; Ho Jun JIN ; Ha Ram KANG ; Young Hoon JOO
Korean Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 2018;61(12):692-696
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the relationship between reflux symptom index (RSI) and psychiatric problems such as depression, somatization, and anxiety. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: We prospectively analyzed 231 patients with symptoms with laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) using the RSI and the reflux finding score. RESULTS: Seventy nine patients (34.2%) were diagnosed with LPR. A significant correlation was detected between the RSI and depression (18.4±8.3 vs. 12.3±7.0, p < 0.001), anxiety (19.5±8.5 vs. 13.0±7.3, p < 0.001), and somatization (19.2±9.1 vs. 13.6±7.5, p < 0.001). A multivariate analysis confirmed a significant association between heartburn and depression [odds ratio (OR): 1.241, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.003–1.537, p=0.047], choking and anxiety (OR: 1.747, 95% CI: 1.297–2.352, p < 0.001), and choking and somatization (OR: 1.707, 95% CI: 1.248–2.336, p=0.001). CONCLUSION: Our preliminary results suggest that patients with high RSI may need to be carefully evaluated for psychiatric problems.
Airway Obstruction
;
Anxiety
;
Depression
;
Heartburn
;
Humans
;
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux
;
Methods
;
Multivariate Analysis
;
Prospective Studies
;
Somatoform Disorders
2.Impact of the Preoperative Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio on Patients with Head and Neck Cancer
Geun-Jeon KIM ; Jun-Myung KANG ; Jae-Hyun SEO ; Se-Hwan HWANG ; Ho-Young YOUN ; Ho-Jun JIN ; Ha-Ram KANG ; Hyun-Ho LEE ; Young-Hoon JOO
Korean Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 2020;63(1):26-30
Background and Objectives:
To investigate the prognostic value of the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC).Subjects and Method Clinical data from 259 patients with HNSCC were collected retrospectively. NLR was adopted as potential prognostic biomarkers.
Results:
NLR was associated with cancer recurrence (p=0.002 and p<0.001, respectively). Patients with a NLR >2.15 had significantly decreased 5-year disease specific survival (DSS) based on the Kaplan-Meier survival curves (p<0.001 and p=0.029, respectively). The Multivariate Cox regression analysis confirmed a significant association between 5-year DSS and the NLR (using 2.15 as the cut-off; hazard ratio, 1.852; 95% confidence interval, 1.237-2.771; p= 0.003).
Conclusion
A NLR cut-off value ≥2.15 was associated with adverse outcomes in patients with HNSCC.
3.Fatal cryptosporidiosis in a calf.
Kang Hyun BAEK ; Hyun Kyoung LEE ; Kyung Hyun LEE ; Ha Young KIM ; Jung Won PARK ; Bo Ram LEE ; Ji Woong HER ; Myoung Heon LEE ; You Chan BAE
Korean Journal of Veterinary Research 2014;54(4):257-260
A calf suffering from diarrhea was admitted to the Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency for diagnostic evaluation. Postmortem examination revealed that the mesenteric lymph node was enlarged and small intestine wall was thin. Microscopically, a large number of small round organisms were attached to the small intestine villi. Villous atrophy and proprial neutrophil infiltration were also observed. Based on modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining, electron microscopy, and ELISA results, the calf was diagnosed with fatal cryptosporidiosis.
Animals
;
Atrophy
;
Autopsy
;
Cryptosporidiosis*
;
Cryptosporidium parvum
;
Diarrhea
;
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
;
Intestine, Small
;
Lymph Nodes
;
Microscopy, Electron
;
Neutrophil Infiltration
;
Oocysts
;
Plants
;
Quarantine
4. 18 FTHK-5351 PET Patterns in Patients With Alzheimer’s Disease and Negative Amyloid PET Findings
Minyoung OH ; Jungsu S. OH ; Seung Jun OH ; Sang Ju LEE ; Jee Hoon ROH ; Woo Ram KIM ; Ha-Eun SEO ; Jae Myeong KANG ; Sang Won SEO ; Jae-Hong LEE ; Duk L. NA ; Young NOH ; Jae Seung KIM
Journal of Clinical Neurology 2022;18(4):437-446
Background:
and Purpose Alzheimer’s disease (AD) does not always mean amyloid positivity. [ 18 F]THK-5351 has been shown to be able to detect reactive astrogliosis as well as tau accompanied by neurodegenerative changes. We evaluated the [ 18 F]THK-5351 retention patterns in positron-emission tomography (PET) and the clinical characteristics of patients clinically diagnosed with AD dementia who had negative amyloid PET findings.
Methods:
We performed 3.0-T magnetic resonance imaging, [ 18 F]THK-5351 PET, and amyloid PET in 164 patients with AD dementia. Amyloid PET was visually scored as positive or negative. [ 18 F]THK-5351 PET were visually classified as having an intratemporal or extratemporal spread pattern.
Results:
The 164 patients included 23 (14.0%) who were amyloid-negative (age 74.9±8.3 years, mean±standard deviation; 9 males, 14 females). Amyloid-negative patients were older, had a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus, and had better visuospatial and memory functions. The frequency of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele was higher and the hippocampal volume was smaller in amyloid-positive patients. [ 18 F]THK-5351 uptake patterns of the amyloid-negative patients were classified into intratemporal spread (n=10) and extratemporal spread (n=13).Neuropsychological test results did not differ significantly between these two groups. The standardized uptake value ratio of [ 18 F]THK-5351 was higher in the extratemporal spread group (2.01±0.26 vs. 1.61±0.15, p=0.001). After 1 year, Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores decreased significantly in the extratemporal spread group (-3.5±3.2, p=0.006) but not in the intratemporal spread group (-0.5±2.8, p=0.916). The diagnosis remained as AD (n=5, 50%) or changed to other diagnoses (n=5, 50%) in the intratemporal group, whereas it remained as AD (n=8, 61.5%) or changed to frontotemporal dementia (n=4, 30.8%) and other diagnoses (n=1, 7.7%) in the extratemporal spread group.
Conclusions
Approximately 70% of the patients with amyloid-negative AD showed abnormal [ 18 F]THK-5351 retention. MMSE scores deteriorated rapidly in the patients with an extratemporal spread pattern.
5.Clinical Course and Outcomes of 3,060 Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Korea, January–May 2020
Ho Kyung SUNG ; Jin Yong KIM ; Jeonghun HEO ; Haesook SEO ; Young soo JANG ; Hyewon KIM ; Bo Ram KOH ; Neungsun JO ; Hong Sang OH ; Young Mi BAEK ; Kyung-Hwa PARK ; Jeung A SHON ; Min-Chul KIM ; Joon Ho KIM ; Hyun-Ha CHANG ; Yukyung PARK ; Yu Min KANG ; Dong Hyun LEE ; Dong Hyun OH ; Hyun Jung PARK ; Kyoung-Ho SONG ; Eun Kyoung LEE ; Hyeongseok JEONG ; Ji Yeon LEE ; Ja-Young KO ; Jihee CHOI ; Eun Hwa RYU ; Ki-hyun CHUNG ; Myoung-don OH ;
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2020;35(30):e280-
Background:
The fatality rate of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) varies among countries owing to demographics, patient comorbidities, surge capacity of healthcare systems, and the quality of medical care. We assessed the clinical outcomes of patients with COVID-19 during the first wave of the epidemic in Korea.
Methods:
Using a modified World Health Organization clinical record form, we obtained clinical data for 3,060 patients with COVID-19 treated at 55 hospitals in Korea. Disease severity scores were defined as: 1) no limitation of daily activities; 2) limitation of daily activities but no need for supplemental oxygen; 3) supplemental oxygen via nasal cannula; 4) supplemental oxygen via facial mask; 5) non-invasive mechanical ventilation; 6) invasive mechanical ventilation; 7) multi-organ failure or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy; and 8) death. Recovery was defined as a severity score of 1 or 2, or discharge and release from isolation.
Results:
The median age of the patients was 43 years of age; 43.6% were male. The median time from illness onset to admission was 5 days. Of the patients with a disease severity score of 3–4 on admission, 65 (71.5%) of the 91 patients recovered, and 7 (7.7%) died due to illness by day 28. Of the patients with disease severity scores of 5–7, 7 (19.5%) of the 36 patients recovered, and 8 (22.2%) died due to illness by day 28. None of the 1,324 patients who were < 50 years of age died; in contrast, the fatality rate due to illness by day 28 was 0.5% (2/375), 0.9% (2/215), 5.8% (6/104), and 14.0% (7/50) for the patients aged 50–59, 60–69, 70–79, and ≥ 80 years of age, respectively.
Conclusion
In Korea, almost all patients of < 50 years of age with COVID-19 recovered without supplemental oxygen. In patients of ≥ 50 years of age, the fatality rate increased with age, reaching 14% in patients of ≥ 80 years of age.