Accelerated atherosclerosis is not only a frequent complication but also the most common cause of death in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). Although mechanisms are unclear, disorder of lipid metabolism may be a major factor. Since apolipo-protein (apo) E is known to play a major regulatory role in lipid metabolism, we evaluated apo E genotype in 72 male patients with CRF and compared with that in 194 rnale normal controls. In addition, we measured plasma lipid and apolipoprotein concentrations and evaluated them according to apo E genotype in patients and controls. Apo E genotype was determined with the INNO-LiPA Apo E kit (Innogenetics, Belgium), which is based on reverse hybridization. The results are as follows ; 1) The distribution of the three major apo E alleles in patients with CRF ( e 2: 6.2%, e 3: 80.6%, e 4: 13.2%) was not different from that in controls ( e 2: 4.1%, e 3: 87.6%, e 4: 8.3%). 2) In patients with CRF, total cholesterol, lowdensity lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were significantly lower and the triglyceride and lipoprotein (a) levels were significantly higher than those in controls. 3) In controls, E 4/3 group had significantly lower levels of HDL than E 3/3 and E 3/2 groups. In patients with CRF, E 4/3 group had significantly higher levels of total cholesterol and apo B lipoprotein than E3/2 group. In conclusion, although there was no significant difference in the apo E genotype frequencies between male patients with CRF and controls, apo E polymorphism may play an important role in the determination of individual differences in plasma lipids in male patients with CRF.
Alleles ; Apolipoproteins B ; Apolipoproteins E ; Apolipoproteins* ; Atherosclerosis ; Cause of Death ; Cholesterol ; Genotype ; Humans ; Individuality ; Kidney Failure, Chronic* ; Lipid Metabolism ; Lipoprotein(a) ; Lipoproteins ; Male* ; Plasma* ; Triglycerides

OBJECTIVES: Anticardiolipin antibody (ACA) and lupus anticoagulant (LA) are acquired antiphospholipid antibodies (APAs), which are regarded as important risk factors far vascular thrombosis and recurrent fetal loss. Although the clinical relevance of APAs in dialysis patients is uncertain, recent studies have suggested that APAs are involved in bioincompatibility and thrombogenic complications in hemadialysis (HD) patients. METHOD: We performed a cross sectional study of ACA and LA in 50 stable HD patients and their 68 vascular accesses (52 native arteriovenous fistulae and 16 synthetic arterovenous grafts), with the analysis of factors associated with the presence of APAs and the retrospective evaluation of vascular access occlusion (VAO). LA was assessed by platelet neutralization method whereas IgG-ACA was measured by a solid phase ELISA. Values higher than 23GPLU/ml (IgG phospholipid units) were considered to be positive for IgG-ACA and positive values for LA was more than 8 seconds in prolongation of the clotting time with human platelet lysate. Vascular access survival was assessed by Kaplan- Meier method, RESULTS: The mean age of the subject (M:F 21:29) was 46 years and the mean duration of hemodialysis was 49 months. The frequency of VAO in entire subjects was 0.45+/-0.98 episodes/patient year. The median value of IgG-ACA was 16.0 GPLU/ml with a distribution from 2.7 to 46.1GPLU/ ml. The median titer of I.A was 4.5 (3.1-45.6) seconds. Fourteen patients (28%) were found to have at least one episode of VAO. In spite of comparable clinical and biochemical data according to the presence of VAO, the titers of IgG-ACA (13.6+/-7.7 vs, 20.3+/-8.7GPLIJ/ml, P<0.05) and LA (4.5+/-2.9 vs. 11.7 +/-12.6sec, P<0.05) were significantly higher in VAO group. Six out of 50 patients(12%) had an increased titer of IgG-ACA and LA was found in 11 patients(22%). No patients were positive for ACA and LA simultaneously. There was no significant difference in sex, etiology of ESRD, diabetic status, the dosage of heparin during HD or the amount of erythropoietin administered according to the presence of APAs. We could not find any significant correlation between the titer of APAs and age, duration of dialysis, blood pressure, platelet count and biochemical parameters. In the patients with positive ACA, the frequency of VAO was 1.05+/-0.12 episodes/patient year, which was significantly higher than patients without ACA (0.33+/-0.17 episodes/ patient year, P<0.05). In the patients with the presence of LA(1.06+/-0.43 vs. 0.12+/-0.06 episodes/ patients year, P<0.01). The median vascular access survival time in IgG-ACA positive patients (32.7 months) was significantly decreased compared to 66.8 months in IgG-ACA negative group. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that the presence of APAs (ACA and/or LA) affects the event-free vascular access survival in HD patients. Therefore the evaluation of APAs status have to be included in the diagnostic strategies for the patients with recurrent VAO. Further studies are necessary to explore the pharmacologic intervention method to decrease APAs and prevent VAO in HD patients.
Antibodies, Anticardiolipin* ; Antibodies, Antiphospholipid ; Arteriovenous Fistula ; Blood Platelets ; Blood Pressure ; Dialysis ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Erythropoietin ; Heparin ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Lupus Coagulation Inhibitor* ; Platelet Count ; Renal Dialysis* ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Thrombosis

Central diabetes insipidus (CDI) is a clinical syndrome that result from a failure of the neurohypophyseal axis to produce or release a sufficient quantity of arginine vasopressin (AVP) to permit normal function of the urinary concentrating mechanism. Polyuria and polydipsia are the symptoms associated with CDI. The most common cause of CDI is idiopathic variety and head trauma, neurohypophyseal surgery, primary or metastatic brain tumors acount for most of the remaining cases. CDI in Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is thought to be to infiltration of the hypothalamus-neurohypophyseal system. We report a patient with CDI and LCH underwent water depriviation test, MR imaging of the pituitary-hypothalamic region, and VATS associated open lung biopsy.
Arginine Vasopressin ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Biopsy ; Brain Neoplasms ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Diabetes Insipidus* ; Diabetes Insipidus, Neurogenic ; Histiocytosis* ; Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell ; Humans ; Lung ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Polydipsia ; Polyuria ; Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted

We studied 193 Diabetics without any symptoms of coronary artery disease and 39 Normal healthy subjects as Control group, using treadmill exercise test and obtained following results. 1) The positive rate was significantly higher in Diabetics(19.4% in Normal ECG groups and 25.4% in total Diabetics)than Control groups(5.1%)(0.010.05). 5) There was no difference in HbAIC, Total cholesterol and Triglyceride between positive and negative groups(P>0.05). In summary, with exercise test, the positive rate was higher in Diabetics than in Normal control groups and it seemed to be treadmill exercise test is a useful screening method for evaluation of coronary artery disease as well as for assesment of treatment and follow up care.
Blood Pressure ; Cholesterol ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Diabetes Mellitus* ; Electrocardiography ; Equidae ; Exercise Test* ; Heart Rate ; Mass Screening ; Triglycerides

No abstract available.
Animals ; Horns* ; Pregnancy*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Horns* ; Pregnancy*

Kaposi's sarcoma is a neoplasm of multifocal origin which manifest primarily as vascular nodules in the skin and other organs. We report a case of Kaposis sarcoma of classic type in a 17-year-old boy, who had a 4 x 5cm sized, dusky erythematous plaque with multiple spots of acupuncture on the left foot for 1 year. Histopathologic examination showed dilated, bizarre-shaped vessels, ndothelial cell proliferation, and spindle cell formation with vascular slits throughout the dermis. He was treated with 3000 rads of radiation(300 rad per day for l0 successive days). Six months after radiotherapy, gross findings were much improved and histopathologic findings showed only fibrosismc hemosiderin deposits in the dermis.
Acupuncture ; Adolescent ; Cell Proliferation ; Dermis ; Foot ; Hemosiderin ; Humans ; Male ; Radiotherapy* ; Sarcoma, Kaposi* ; Skin

Cutaneous manifestations of sarcoidosis are highly variable and can be devided into the specific lesions which reveal noncaseating granuloma and the nonspecific lesio is which are referred to as cutaneous changes. Among speciific lesions, annular lesions may be foimied from coalescing papular lesions that may clear centrally and elevate peripherally. We report a case of sarcoidosis with multiple annular lesions on the face in a 33-year-old female who had systemic involvements in the intrathoracic organs and eyes. The main histopathologir. findings were well-demarcated islands of epitheloid cells with a few giant cells in the dermis. In addition, a slight admixfure of lymphoid cells was present at the margins of the epitheloid cell granulomas. Complete regression of t!he skin lesions was obtained with systemic cortiocosteroid therapy and no recurrence has been found for 2 1/2years.
Adult ; Dermis ; Female ; Giant Cells ; Granuloma ; Humans ; Islands ; Lymphocytes ; Recurrence ; Sarcoidosis* ; Skin

This study was conducted to investigate the vibrio flora in edible shellfish (Ruditapes philippinarum, Scapharca broughtonii, Batillus cornutus and Mytilus coruscus) which were purchased from seafood-market or collected from shellfish culture bed in Pusan and Masan Bay from May to October 1997. Sixty-three vibrio strains were identified among 438 collected strains. Five species of vibrios [V. alginolyticus (22 strains), V. parahaemolyticus (35 strains), V. costicola (2 strains), L. damsela (V. damsela 2 strains), and V. cholerae non-Ol (2 strains)] were identified by their phenotyfic and biochemical characteristics. Four groups (142 strains) were identified as genus Vibrio by their biological characteristics, but they could not be identified to the species level.
Bays ; Busan ; Cholera ; Mytilus ; Population Characteristics ; Scapharca ; Shellfish* ; Vibrio*

PURPOSE: The incidence of urolithiasis has recently shown an increasing tendency in relation to improvements in living conditions in Korea. With the development of extracorporeal shock wave lithotriptor (ESWL), endourology and other new instruments, urolithiasis has become easier to treat, without surgical intervention. The incidence and treatment of urolithiasis, between the 1980 and 2000, were evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 328 and 1,142 patients with urolithiasis, either admitted between January 1981 and December 1984 or treated at the out-patient clinic between January 2001 and December 2004, respectively, were analyzed. RESULTS: In the early 1980s, 328 (27.3%) patients of the total 1,203 admitted to the urology department had urolithiasis. In the early 2000s, 1,142 patients were treated for urolithiasis. The total number and incidence constantly increased over the stated period. The ratio of males to females was 1.3:1 in the 1980s and 2.0:1 in the 2000s. The occurrence rate for those under 20 years decreased, but increased after the 6th decade. And the seasonal occurrence was highest during the summer of the early 1980s, but there was no seasonal difference during the early 2000s. The incidences of lower ureteral, bladder and urethral calculi were decreased, but those of renal and upper ureteral calculi increased. In the management of urolithiasis, open surgery and expectant therapy decreased during the 2000s. In the endourological management of urolithiasis, the success rates of ESWL, percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) and ureteroscopic removal of stone (URS) were 94.5, 86.6 and 96.4%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence and treatment modalities of urolithiasis have changed, especially since the late 1980s.
Calculi ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Korea ; Male ; Nephrostomy, Percutaneous ; Outpatients ; Seasons ; Shock ; Social Conditions ; Ureter ; Ureteral Calculi ; Urinary Bladder ; Urolithiasis* ; Urology