Over 3 years, the number of pharmaceutical drugs suspended from distribution system by the Drug Administration of Vietnam is 142 drugs in 1997, 103 drugs in 1998, and 11 pharmaceuticals in 1999. Analyzing the list of these pharmaceuticals reveals that:* About 70% drugs suspended from existing distribution system have a long remained time in expiry date, meaning that these products could not meet technical specifications after manufacturing date. More than 75% suspended pharmaceuticals do not meet quality standards, especially those related to quantitative assay. Therefore, the instability of quality remains the major reason for pharmaceutical drug suspension. *Vitamin and traditional drugs are of the two pharmaceutical groups, which have low stability of quality. In 1999, most of drugs contained Vitamin B12 were under rank of the technical specification. Traditional medicines were suspended for not reaching standards on microbiology, on taking a look of outward appearance, and for containing chemicals that do not register in the formulation. There should have some recommendations for manufactures and managers to improve quality of pharmaceuticals distributed in the market
Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Drug Stability

The research was done to monitor the stability of quality, which are currently distributed in the market. The sample size is of 136 drugs with expiry date, which are selected from retail pharmacies in Hanoi. These 136 drugs represent both domestic-made and imported products, different kinds of pharmaceutics and various groups of pharmacology. Results show that 11.0% of 136 studied pharmaceuticals do not meet the technical specifications. Among this, 7.4% fail to meet standards on quantitative assay. The rate of domestic made pharmaceuticals under its quantitative assay is twice higher than imported ones. Vitamin and traditional products are of the two drug groups having low stability. Almost drugs currently sold in the market have long expiry. However, there remains a considerable ratio of pharmaceuticals drugs under the quality standards.
Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Drug Stability ; Marketing

Outline on the antibiotic resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated during 1989-1995 in Viet Nam based on the data of antimicrobial susceptibility tests of NIHE and ASTS project. Comparing to the data from countries in South East Asis/India we found that: Str.pneumoniae is still susceptible to benzylpenicillin. B-lactams, macrolides, chloramphenicol. In many countries the reported incidence of drug-resistant Str.Pneumoniae has increased in the last year. The frequency and patterns of resistance vary in different geographic regions, countries and over different periods.
Drug Resistance ; Streptococcus pneumoniae

Green tea infusion is one of the most popular drinks in many countries, especially in ASIA countries such as Japan, China and Vietnam. Green tea has been mounting regarding the anticancer, antiviral, antioxidant.
polyphenols ; green tea extract AR25 ; Plants, Medicinal

The diabetic patients are usually suffered from oxidation stress. Green tea is one of the good herbal medicines has been used for treatment of some diseases. Objectives: Evaluate change of antioxidant status in blood and effect of the green tea polyphenol on this change in the experimental diabetic rats. Methods: Using in vivo model to investigate some biological indicators in STZ - induced diabetic rats fed with high fat diet and to evaluate effect of the green tea polyphenol on the changes of these indicators. Results: Erythrocyte GPx activity and serum MDA concentration in STZ - induced diabetic rats was higher than that of normal and lipid metabolism disorder groups (p < 0.001) and effected of the green tea polyphenol. However, no change in erythrocyte SOD activity and plasma TAS level was observed. Conclusions: Green tea polyphenol improved blood antioxidant status in STZ - induced diabetic rats.
Diabetes Mellitus ; Tea ; Camellia sinensis ; Blood ; Oxidants

By the technique of indirect immunofluoresceine using 18 diverse markers, in the hospital K- Ha Noi, study was performed to determine the capacity of foreign antigene expression of tumor cells in the cell surface making them identified by immunology system through HLA system on NPC < 75 years old age patients. This system played an essential role in the regulation and realization of immune response.
Carcinoma ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; Nasopharyngeal Diseases ; Diagnosis

In this study, 48 long-term exposed people with polychemicals (the male/female ratio is 1/3, the age from 23 to 44): such as organic and iso-organic acids: benzene, toluene and their coequals were investigated. 17 normal people not exposed with polychemicals as the control group. Results were shown following: quantity of erythrocyte was lower than control group but not significantly. Leucocytes especially neutrophils reduced significantly (p<0.001). 15/48 cases (30%) appereared lymphoblast. There is no difference in platelet between studied group and control group
Chemistry ; Diagnosis ; Erythrocytes ; Blood Platelets

Study on 48 people, of whom 16 are male and 32 are female, from 23 to 44 years old. They were long exposed with poly-chemicals, such as organic and iso-organic acids: benzene, toluene and their coequals. The parameters have been used: phagocyte capablity and phagocyte index of neutrophils; E, rossett formed T cells. The results showed that: Phagocyte capability and phagocyte index of neutrophils decreased significantly comparing with control group (p<0.001)
Chemistry ; Allergy and Immunology ; Epidemiology

20 patients with acute leprosy, 12 patients with chronic hepatitis, 34 patients with acute myelogenous leukemia, 48 patients with pharynx cancer. 31 normal healthy persons in the control group. Immune-complexes were fixed quantity by 2 methods: precipitating the immune-complexes with PEG having molecular weight 6.10¬3 and better method. Immune-complexes (+) were identified on acute leprosy, chronic hepatitis and acute diseases with the ratio of positive differences depending on disease, stage and the character of applying technique
Leprosy ; Hepatitis, Chronic ; Pharyngeal Neoplasms ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute

115/400 Muong minority pupils of boarding school in Hoa Binh province, all studied subjects have 3 genarations of Muong minority (grandparents, parents and themshelves being Muong minority), from 15 to 19 years old. Using Sero check product of USA to examine the ratio of HBsAg. Results: 19.05% of the boys having HBsAg(+), 13.38% of the girls having HBsAg(+). So the ratio of HBsAg(+) in girls are lower than in boys but it is not significant. The ratio of HBsAg(+) at the age of 15 is 19.61%, the age of 16-17 is 14.74% and the age of 18-19 is 16.67%, there is not significant between groups
Hepatitis B virus ; Epidemiology ; Pupil