No abstract available.
Diabetes Mellitus*

No abstract available.
Purpura*

No abstract available.
Hyperbilirubinemia, Neonatal*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Hypercalciuria*

No abstract available.
Candidiasis*

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) have been implicated in human diarrhea in several countries. Central to EPEC-mediated disease is its ability to cause intestinal lesions, known as attaching and effacing (A/E) lesion. We investigated 92 EPEC strains isolated from patients with diarrhea in Gwangju for their genotypic and phenotypic characteristics. Sixteen (17.4%) of all strains were found to be typical EPEC because they were bfpA gene positive by PCR. The most of typical EPEC isolates (87.5%) showed a localized adhesion (LA) pattern in Hep-2 cell adherence assay, whereas, only 11 atypical EPEC isolates (14.5%) were adhered to Hep-2 cells in a localized manner. Thirteen of the EPEC strains studied belonged to classical O-serogroups of EPEC and 7 isolates were classified as nonclassical EPEC serogroup and the other isolates could not be serotyped with our antisera. The subtypes of eae, tir, espA and espB genes which are major virulence genes concerned of A/E lesion on chromosome were analyzed by multiplex PCR for finding the original resource. The results showed that the composition of these genes subtypes was homogenous and heterogenous in 12 and 26 isolates, respectively. The others were non-determined type in terms of the gene subtype because of genetic diversity of intimin-coding eae genes. Our findings indicated that EPEC isolates from patients with diarrhea were diverse genetically and phenotypically, which require further study in regard to their virulence and epidemiological significance.
Diarrhea ; Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli* ; Genetic Variation ; Gwangju* ; Humans ; Immune Sera ; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Virulence

PURPOSE: Aggressive chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation have a large demand for platelet concentrate and packed RBC transfusion. Febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions are an immunologically mediated reaction involving plasma in the recipient and the white blood cells in the donor. This study was performed to understand the role of cytokines and factors associated with febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction to transfused blood. METHODS: Samples were obtained from 42 transfused blood(36 packed RBC, 6 platelet concentrates). Initial WBC count, pH, LDH, irradiation, use of filter and storage time were checked. The serum levels of Interleukin-1beta(IL-1beta), Tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNFalpha) and Interleukin-6(IL-6) were measured by ELISA method using commercial kit for each cytokines. Transfusion reactions, including fever, were recorded in all cases. RESULTS: With the storage time of blood products longer in duration, the serum levels of IL-1beta, TNFalpha and IL-6 were significantly higher(P<0.05). The serum levels of IL-1beta, TNFalpha and IL-6 increased significantly as these blood products were more contaminated with WBC>3000/mm3(P< 0.05). There was no relationship between cytokines and LDH, pH respectively. Febrile reaction was noted in 2.3%(1/42). CONCLUSION: Transfusion reactions are not always the result of an antigen-antibody reaction, but could be caused by the administration of large amounts of cytokines in the plasma. The longer storage times of blood products was associated with frequency of febrile transfusion reactions. We recommend fresh blood transfusion and reduction of WBC before storage because it abrogates cytokine accumulation and dramatically lowers the rate of febrile transfusion reaction.
Antigen-Antibody Reactions ; Blood Group Incompatibility ; Blood Platelets ; Blood Transfusion ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Cytokines ; Drug Therapy ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Fever ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Interleukin-6* ; Leukocytes ; Plasma ; Tissue Donors ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha*

PURPOSE: Obesity is a frequent nutritional disorder in children and adolescent and its prevalence is increasing. Bioelectrical impedance analysis is a simple, rapid, non-invasive and reproducible technique. The aim of this study was to measure percent of body fat using bioelectrical impedance in healthy children. METHODS: We measured height, weight and bioelectrical impedance in 1035 children aged 7-18 years(496 males and 539 females). RESULTS: Percent of body fat was decreased in male children, but it was increased during the pubertal period in female. 95th percentiles of percent of body fat by bioelectrical impedance was 32.9% in 7 year olds, 31.6% in 8, 34.7% in 9, 35.1% in 10, 35.8% in 11, 33.1% in 12, 36.1% in 13, 38.2% in 14, 33.3% in 15, 28.3% in 16, 32.8% in 17 and 32.2% in 18 year olds for males. 95th percentiles of percent of body fat by bioelectrical impedance was 25.1% in 7 year olds, 29.6% in 8, 30.5% in 9, 35.6% in 10, 34.5% in 11, 36.5% in 12, 39.1% in 13, 34.1% in 14, 33.7% in 15, 32.8% in 16, 34.5% in 17 and 35.1% in 18 year olds for females. Intraobserver reliability coefficient of bioelectrical impedance analysis was 0.995 and intraobserver reliability of BI(Bioelectrical impedance) analysis was significantly high. CONCLUSION: To measure body fat percentage using bioelectrical impedance analysis in healthy children provides objective data in diagnosing obesity.
Adipose Tissue* ; Adolescent ; Child* ; Electric Impedance* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nutrition Disorders ; Obesity ; Pediatric Obesity ; Prevalence

PURPOSE: Aggressive chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation have a large demand for platelet concentrate and packed RBC transfusion. Febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions are an immunologically mediated reaction involving plasma in the recipient and the white blood cells in the donor. This study was performed to understand the role of cytokines and factors associated with febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction to transfused blood. METHODS: Samples were obtained from 42 transfused blood(36 packed RBC, 6 platelet concentrates). Initial WBC count, pH, LDH, irradiation, use of filter and storage time were checked. The serum levels of Interleukin-1beta(IL-1beta), Tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNFalpha) and Interleukin-6(IL-6) were measured by ELISA method using commercial kit for each cytokines. Transfusion reactions, including fever, were recorded in all cases. RESULTS: With the storage time of blood products longer in duration, the serum levels of IL-1beta, TNFalpha and IL-6 were significantly higher(P<0.05). The serum levels of IL-1beta, TNFalpha and IL-6 increased significantly as these blood products were more contaminated with WBC>3000/mm3(P< 0.05). There was no relationship between cytokines and LDH, pH respectively. Febrile reaction was noted in 2.3%(1/42). CONCLUSION: Transfusion reactions are not always the result of an antigen-antibody reaction, but could be caused by the administration of large amounts of cytokines in the plasma. The longer storage times of blood products was associated with frequency of febrile transfusion reactions. We recommend fresh blood transfusion and reduction of WBC before storage because it abrogates cytokine accumulation and dramatically lowers the rate of febrile transfusion reaction.
Antigen-Antibody Reactions ; Blood Group Incompatibility ; Blood Platelets ; Blood Transfusion ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Cytokines ; Drug Therapy ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Fever ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Interleukin-6* ; Leukocytes ; Plasma ; Tissue Donors ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha*

Traditionally, tissue biopsies of kidney lesions are usually performed with CT or percutaneous ultrasound guidance, but biopsies using EUS have rarely been reported. In this report, we describe a case of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) diagnosed using EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy. A 75-year-old woman taking aspirin due to stable angina continued to exhibit weight loss and anemia and visited the gastroenterology department. No bleeding was observed on upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy. A contrast-enhanced mass was observed in the left kidney, accompanied by 8.9×10.8 cm-sized necrosis suggesting RCC on abdominal CT. Chest CT showed masses in both lungs. We planned to administer targeted therapy after pathological confirmation using EUS. Aspirin was continued, and we performed fine-needle biopsy using a 22-gauge needle three times. No adverse events were observed after the procedure. Pathological examination confirmed RCC, clear cell type, and the patient is currently undergoing treatment with sunitinib. EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy is safe for liver, pancreatic, or other tumors accessible from the upper gastrointestinal tract. This technique shows fewer adverse events. To the best of our knowledge, there have been no other reports on EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy to identify RCC in Korea.