There have been so many methods described for the correction of the deviated noses but it is difficult to get satisfactory results and recurrence rate is high. There is no exact explanation why the recurrences are so high and no estabished guides for techniques according to the surgical pathology. We found the classical swinging door technique effective in cases where the caudal septum deviated from the midline. However, where the caudal septum and the tip stay in the midline, scoring or submucosal resection do not work well enough to cortet them. We used the reverse swinging door technique of our own. After elevation of mucoperichonodrium, we did sagittal section in the posterior septum and moved the septum to the midline on the pivot point of the caudal septum and. The gap created in the posterior portion of the septum were filed with bone grafts, cartilage grafts or Medopor, which were sutured to the septum, We did this technique with or without osteotmies in 56 deviated noses for last 5 years. The results were very satisfactory and there was no complication.
Cartilage ; Nose* ; Pathology, Surgical ; Recurrence ; Transplants

An analytic study on 431 cases of cardiac conduction disturbance has been made by review of the clinical records and electrocardiograms taken from the adult patients registered at Kyung Hee University Hospital for 3 years from May, 1973 to April, 1976. 1. The total incidence of conduction disturbance was 6.50%, the atrioventricular block 3.14% and the intraventricular block was 3.36% of total 6,616 cases of E.C.G. reviewed. Among of these, the first degree atrioventricular block was 3.02% which was the most common occurred one, the incomplete right bundle branch block was 2.25% and the complete right bundle branch block was 0.57%. 2. The ratio of male to female was 1.6:1 for the first degree atrioventricular block, and 1.6:1 for the incomplete right bundle branch block, 2.5:1 for the complete atrioventricular block, 2:1 for the left bundle branch block, and 1.7:1 for the complete right bundle branch block. The first degree atrioventricular block was seen most frequently in the fifth and sixth decade of age group, and the third degree block was over 40 years. The incomplete right bundle branch block in order was forth decade, third decade and fifth decade. The complete right bundle branch block and left posterior hemiblock were common in the sixth decade. The left bundle block and the posterior hemiblock were common in fifty years of age group. 3. The cardinal underlying diseases of the first degree atrioventricular block among cardiac diseases group in order of frequency were: hypertensive heart disease (25.0%) arteriosclerotic heart disease (8.0%) and rheumatic valvular heart disease (5.0%). The most common etiology of those non-cardiac disease group was neuropsychiatry disorder (11.5%) and the next was infection (11.0%). 4. All of the complete atrioventricular block were associated with the cardiac disease, that is, 57.0% with arteriosclerotic heart disease, 28.5% with pericarditis and 14.3% with hypertensive heart disease, respectively. 5. The cardinal underlying disease of the incomplete right bundle branch block in order of frequency were: hypertensive heart disease (10.7%), arteriosclerotic heart disease (8.1%) among the cardiac disease group, and infections (15.4%) among the non-cardiac disease group. The incidence of healthy persons was 14.1%. 6. Those of complete right bundle branch block in order of frequency were: arteriosclerotic heart disease (13.2%), and hypertensive heart disease (10.1%) among the cardiac disease group, and infection(13.2%) and neurosis (10.1%), respectively among the non-cardiac disease group. 7. The major etiologies of the left bundle branch block was hypertensive heart disease and arteriosclerotic heart disease (33.3% each), and that of left posterior hemiblock was showed arteriosolerotic heart disease and cor-pulmonale. The most common etiological disease of the left anterior hemiblock was hypertensive heart disease in cardiac disease group, and infection and gatrointestinal disease in non-cariac disease group. 8. The abnormal electrocardiographic findings with the first degree atrioventricular block were left ventricular hypertrophy (24.8%), sinus tachycardia (11.0) and sinus bradycardia (5.8%). Those with the complete atrioventricular block were right ventricular hypertrophy (15.8%) and left bundle branch block (15.8%). In complete right bundle branch block, the majority (52.5%) showed single sign without other abnormality on E.C.G. In the left bundle branch block, there were 18.9% of left ventricular hypertrophy and 15.7% of first degree atrioventricular block. In the left anterior hemiblock, there were 28.5% of right bundle branch block, and 19.0% of right ventricular hypertrophy. In the left posterior hemiblock, there were 40.0% of atrial fibrillation and 20.0% of left atrial hypertrophy.
Adult ; Male ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence

To investigate the effect of diazepam on the contractility of the intestinal smooth muscle, longitudinal muscle strip isolated from rat ileum was prepared for myography in isolated organ bath. 1) Basal tone of ileal muscle was reduced by diazepam concentration-dependently. 2) Higher concentrations (30 and 100 microM) of diazepam inhibited (p<0.05, p<0.001) The carbachol-induced contraction in a concentration-dependent manner; but lower concentration of diazepam (10 microM) enhanced (p<0.05). 3) Histamine-induced contraction was inhibited by pretreatment with diazepam in a concentration-dependent manner. 4) Ca⁺⁺-induced tension recovery in calcium-free solution was inhibited in the presence of diazepam concentration-dependently. These results suggest diazepam reduces the contractility of the longitudinal muscle isolated from rat ileum via interference with influx of calcium into the muscle cells.
Animals ; Baths ; Calcium ; Carbachol* ; Diazepam* ; Ileum* ; Muscle Cells ; Muscle, Smooth ; Myography ; Rats*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

Free flaps have been widely used in lower leg reconstruction. However, in cases with extensive injury to the vessels as well as to the bone and soft tissues, and having only one intact major vessel in the lower leg(single vessel leg), careful selection of recipient vessels for the free flap transfer is mandatory for preventing further vascular compromise of the distal lower leg. The sural artery and its vena comitantes are frequently protected form externally harmful forces by the bulky surrounding gastrocnemius muscle and can be used as recipient vessles for free flaps without any detrimental influence on the vascularity of the distal lower leg. In our department, three latissimus dorsi muscle free flap were transferred with sural vessels as recipient vessels in the reconstruction of the single vessel legs. Except for one case of flap failure due to serious infection at the microvascular anastomoses site, all the other cases were successfully reconstructed without any necrosis of the gastrocnemius muscle or the distal leg. In addition, the sural vessels were easily accessed in any patient position and their caliber was similar to that of the vascular pedicles of the donor muscle flaps. In conclusion, the sural vessels can be another useful option in selecting recipient vessels for free flap transfer in the reconstruction of the single vessel leg.
Arteries ; Free Tissue Flaps* ; Humans ; Leg* ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Necrosis ; Superficial Back Muscles ; Tissue Donors

The pathologic changes of verrucae and molluscum contagiosum are limitted chiefly to epidermis, therefore treatment with cantharidin which forms acantholytic bulla is successful. Canthrides is dried, powdered blister beetle, and cantharidin is its purified active ingredient. Its primary cutaneous effect is acantholysis and death of epidermal cells. For topical treatment, catharidin was prepared as a 0.9% solution in mixture of 50% of acetone, 25% of ether and 25% flexibIe collodion U.S.P. The therapeutic efficacy of cantharidin was excellent to eliminate the lesions of verrucae and molluscum contagiosum, showing the complete recovery of 114 out of 117 lesions of verrucae, and 520 out of 550 lesions of molluscum contagiosum with 1 to 3 topical applications. From the above results, it should be pointed out that cantharidin has the several advantages at clinical uses for the treatment of verrucae and molluscum contagiosum: 1 No residual scarring. 2. No pain. 3. Excellent therapeut!c efficacy.
Acantholysis ; Acetone ; Beetles ; Blister ; Cantharidin* ; Cicatrix ; Collodion ; Epidermis ; Ether ; Molluscum Contagiosum* ; Warts*

No abstract available.
Corpus Callosum*

To evaluate the effect of shortening the latent period for distraction osteogenesis, the authors experimented with distraction osteogenesis for a 24-hour latent period in the mandibles of rabbits. This study was carried out on 32 New Zealand white rabbits, each weighting 2000 to 2500 gm. Twenty animals were used for the control group and 12 for the experimental group. A unilateral external fixation device was applied to the left mandible. The mandibles were lengthened at 1 mm per 24 hours for 10 days. Five rabbits from the control group and three from the experimental group by random selection were sacrificed on the first day, and at the second, fourth and eighth week of the consolidation period. After lengthening bone densities at the site of the left mandibular bony lengthening were measured by quantitative computer tomography (QCT) and dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). As a result, the DXA value showed no difference compared to the control group after two week's consolidation. The trabeculae were thicker and had begun to be surrounded by lamellar bone both in the control and experimental groups histologically. In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that the osteogenetic effect in the experimental group was nearly the same as in the control group. If stable fixation and minimal periosteal dissection were performed during the procedure, the latent period would not be an important factor in distraction osteogenesis of membranous bone.
Absorptiometry, Photon ; Animals ; Bone Density ; External Fixators ; Mandible* ; Osteogenesis* ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; Rabbits*

PURPOSE: Chlamydia pneumoniae (CP) infection seems to be related to atherosclerotic diseases. A prospective sero- epidemiologic study was performed to analyze the relationship between CP infection and peripheral vascular disease in Korean patients. The aims of this study were to find the prevalences of CP antibody in the serum and CP antigens in the vascular tissues, and to analyze the differences between several disease groups. METHODS: Our subjects included a total of 61 patients (76 vascular tissues) who had undergone operative procedures for peripheral vascular diseases. They were classified into 3 groups: Group 1; 14 abdominal aortic aneurysm, Group 2; 15 atherosclerosis obliterans, and Group 3; 32 varicose vein cases. The CP antibody titers were determined using the microimmunofluorescence test (MIF) and the CP antigen in the vascular tissues with a semi-nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and an in situ hybridization technique (ISH). RESULTS: The prevalences of chronic or past CP infection from the MIF (IgG antibody titer > or = 1: 32) in Groups 1, 2 and 3 were 78.6, 73.3, and 68.8% respectively, but with statistically significant differences. The prevalences of PCR- positive tissues in Groups 1, 2 and 3 were 21.4, 6.7, and 0% respectively. There was no CP DNA detected in the venous tissue. CP DNA was detected more frequently in aneurysmal disease than atherosclerosis obliterans, but this was not statistically significant(p=0.265). In comparison with the varicose veins, aortic aneurysms showed a significantly higher PCR positivity ratio (p=0.002), and a similar result was seen with ISH. There was no relationship between CP antigen positivity and the known risk factors for atherosclerosis. CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of CP antibodies was observed in the serum of Korean patients with vascular disease, which matched that in western populations. CP DNA was also detected in atherosclerotic tissues, which was especially high in aneurysmal disease, implying a possible causative role of CP infection in the pathogenesis of the atherosclerotic disease. This is the first report on the prevalence of CP in vascular tissues in Korean population.
Aneurysm ; Antibodies ; Aortic Aneurysm ; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal* ; Arterial Occlusive Diseases* ; Atherosclerosis ; Chlamydia* ; Chlamydophila pneumoniae* ; DNA ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization ; Peripheral Vascular Diseases ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prevalence ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; Varicose Veins ; Vascular Diseases

We introduce a new silicone implanting method to correct facial depression caused by trauma or congenital anomaly. It resulted in good facial aesthetics in patients with facial depression. From August 1997 to January 1999, 5 patient (3 males and 2 females), in ages from 19 to 34 years, underwent silicone implantation for facial depression using our method. Three males were injured by traffic accident and had facial depression with or without bone defect. Two females had congenital forhead depression and requested aesthetic contouring. An impression of the face was taken with alginate backed with quick setting plaster. When set, a further stone plaster model was taken from the alginate-plaster, which was removed after fixation. Wax was then carved into the patient's stone model to fill the depression. Another stone cover was taken to cover this was-stone model. Then wax was melted away and medical implant grade room temperature vulcanized silicone adhesive was squeezed into the empty space. After cured, this precisely-shaped silicone imlant was inserted into the patient. We did not experience major complicaion such as infection, implant extrusion during 4 to 18 months' follow-up periods. All patients were satisfied with the results. The clinical result of this technique would be useful for accurate and excellent aesthetic implantation.
Accidents, Traffic ; Adhesives ; Depression* ; Esthetics ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Silicones*