HUMANS CHILD LYMPHATIC DISEASES

This paper illustrates the spectrum of CT findigns of pulmonary tuberculosis in children and shows the advantages and complementary nature of CT compared with conventional radiography. Common CT manifestations of pulmonary tuberculosis in children are mediastinal or hilar lymphadenopathy, air-space consolidation, atelectasis and disseminated nodules. CT is useful in the detection of the disease in equivocal chest radiographs, in the characterization of lesions, by demonstrating caseation necrotic areas, calcification and bronchogenic spread nodules, and in defining the extent of the disease and its complications. This in formation will be helpful in the diagnosis and evaluation of tuberculosis in children.
Child* ; Humans ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Radiography ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary*

Rosai-Dorfman disease also known as sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy is a benign, rare systemic disease characterized by a histiocyte proliferation which presents with lymphadenopathy. We report a case of a 4-year-old girl who presented with recurrent cervical lymphadenopathy with tenderness, without any other symptoms. After 1 month of medical treatment, her lymphadenopathy still remained, so we performed complete excision and biopsy. She was diagnosed on cytology as a case of Rosai-Dorfman disease. She responded well to become asymptomatic without recurrence by 1 month.
Biopsy ; Child ; Child, Preschool* ; Female* ; Histiocytes ; Histiocytosis ; Histiocytosis, Sinus* ; Humans ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Recurrence

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Lymphatic Diseases ; etiology ; pathology ; Male

Gianotti-Crosti syndrome (GCS) is a sporadic dermatosis affecting mainly children. It is characterized by multiple, confluent, monomorphic and pruritic pink to red-brown papules or papulovesicles, distributed symmetrically on the face, extensor surfaces of the extremities and buttocks, commonly sparing the trunk, palms and soles. This can be preceded by a viral infection, and may be accompanied by fever, hepatosplenomegaly, or lymphadenopathy. Personal and family history of atopy appears to be a risk factor in the subsequent development of GCS, thus frequently diagnosed as atopic dermatitis. We report a case of a 4-year-old boy from our institution with generalized, pruritic, papulovesicular rashes on the face and extremities for one month. He was diagnosed to have atopic dermatitis and treated as such, before presentation to our institution. As the signs and symptoms in GCS are similar to atopic dermatitis, we suggest that this diagnosis be considered when presented with a similar case.
Acrodermatitis ; Buttocks ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Dermatitis, Atopic ; Diagnosis ; Exanthema ; Extremities ; Fever ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Male ; Risk Factors ; Skin Diseases

Endobronchial ultrasound guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) now provides an important alternative diagnostic modality in patients with intrathoracic tuberculosis lymphadenopathy. The procedure is well tolerated in the outpatient setting, provides access to the mediastinal and hilar lymph node locations commonly in tuberculosis and also allows bronchial washing to be performed at the same procedure. However, there is no report of EBUS-TBNA applied to children to diagnose tuberculosis. We report a case of EBUS-TBNA applied to children who had intrathoracic tuberculosis lymphadenopathy.
Child ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphadenitis* ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Needles* ; Outpatients ; Tuberculosis* ; Ultrasonography*

Leukemic reticuloendotheliosis (L.R.E.) was first described as a clinical and pathological entity by Ewald in 1923. LRE is a rare neoplastic disease of the hematopoietic system that is characterized cliniclly by chronic course with an insidious onset. marked splenomegaly with absence of substantial lymphadenopathy and predominant in male and characterized histologically by the presence of circulating abnormal mononuclear cells with many cytoplasmic projections, which have been refered to ??airy cells frequently. Splenectomy appeared to be the most beneficial treatment at present for those patients with massive splenomegaly and hypersplenism and chemotherapy is of little benefit in the treatment in LRE. Recently, the authors had the opportunity to observe a two year and eight old male child at this hospital whose clinical course and pathologid features were consistent with LRE. Splenectomy is performed and discharged with relatively good conditions.
Child ; Cytoplasm ; Drug Therapy ; Hematopoietic System ; Humans ; Hypersplenism ; Leukemia, Hairy Cell* ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Male ; Splenectomy ; Splenomegaly

PURPOSE: We evaluated Kawasaki disease(KD) in children in order to evaluate the clinical characteristics and coronary complication of infantile Kawasaki disease. METHODS: A total of 226 medical records of children with KD admitted to The Catholic University of Korea, St. Mary's Hospital, from 1994 to 2003 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: The incidence of lymphadenopathy was statistically lower in infantile Kawasaki disease than in Kawasaki disease of children older than one year. The incidence of atypical Kawasaki disease in infant(32%) was greater than that of total patients(24%), but there was no statistically significant difference in two groups. The incidence of coronary complication in atypical Kawasaki disease in children younger than one year was 50%(6/12), which was greater than that of coronary complication in typical KD of children older than one year. CONCLUSION: Diagnostic difficulties in infantile Kawasaki disease are due to high incidence of atypical characteristics of Kawasaki disease. Yet, early treatment with IVGV and aspirin is necessary because of its high incidence of coronary complication.
Aspirin ; Child ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Medical Records ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome* ; Retrospective Studies

Histiocytic Medullary Reticulosis(H.M.R.) is a rapidly progressing fatal disease seen most often in adults, but it has been reported in children younger than 15 years of age. H.M.R. is clinically characterized by fever, wasting generalized lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly. In the terminal stage, jaundice, purpura, anemia and pancytopenia are all present with or without skin involvement. Cardinal pathologic features are systemized proliferation of atypical, neoplastic, erythrophagocytic histiocytes and their precursors throughout the lymphoreticular tissues. Four cases of H.M.R. occurring in pediatric age group, i.e., 5 years, 6 years, 12 years and 14 years of age, respectively, are presented with discussion of the clinico-pathologic characteristics and management. Cases 1,2 and 3 died within 6 months after the onset of illness. Case 1 of our series was particularly younger than in previously reported cases. This was the case that the diagnosis was confirmed by postmortem examination. Analysis of previously reported 25 cases occurring in ages younger than 20 years of age was done.
Adult ; Anemia ; Autopsy ; Child* ; Diagnosis ; Fever ; Histiocytes ; Humans ; Jaundice ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Pancytopenia ; Purpura ; Skin

PURPOSE: To review abdominal ultrasonography in Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis(YP) infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From June 1993 through June 1994, abdominal ultrasonograms were reviewed in 36 patients with YP infection. The age of patients was from 4 to 14 years. A diagnosis of YP infection was made on the basis ofisolation of YP from stool (n=15/36, 41.7%) and by documenting at least a minimum agglutination antibody titer of1:160 or greater (n=34/36, 94.4%). RESULTS: Abdominal US findings were identifed in 33/36 (91.7%) of patients with YP infection. US abnormalities included right lower quadrant abdominal lymphadenopathy in 28/36 (77.8%) of cases ;increased bilateral renal cortical echogenecity with renal enlargement, 11/36 (30/6%) of cases ;hepatosplenomegaly, 6/36 (16.7%) of cases ; bowel wall thickening in termnal ileum and cecum, 4/36 (11/1%) of cases ; and ascites, 2/36 (5.5%) of cases. Three patients revealed no abdominal sonographic finding. CONCLUSION: We conclude that abdominal US can help in the diagnosis of YP infection when US demonstrates multiple right lower quadrant abdominal lymphadenopathy, increased renal cortical echogenecity with renal enlargement, hepatosplenomegaly, intestinal wall thickening or ascites.
Agglutination ; Ascites ; Cecum ; Child* ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Ileum ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Ultrasonography ; Yersinia