Objective: To understand the relationship between childhood abuse and social anxiety and its influencing factors,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the intervention targeting social anxiety in adolescents. Methods: The Metaanalysis was conducted on the 30 selected articles using randomeffects models, comprising 93 independent effect sizes and a total sample of 19 354. Odds ratio (OR) was used to integrate the relationship between childhood abuse and social anxiety. Results: There was a significant positive correlation between childhood abuse and social anxiety (r=0.22), and its subtypes (emotional abuse, emotional neglect, emotional maltreatment, physical abuse, physical neglect, sexual abuse) could also positively predict social anxiety (OR=3.14,1.97,2.42,1.78,1.68,1.54)(P<0.01). The moderating effect showed that cultural background could significantly moderate the relationship between emotional neglect and the composite index and social anxiety (Qb=3.95,3.93), and the relationship between emotional abuse and composite index and social anxiety were significantly moderated by age (Qb=7.65,8.72)(P<0.05). Conclusions Childhood abuse is a positive predictor of social anxiety. Cultural background and age have a significant moderating effect on the relationship between childhood abuse and social anxiety, but gender has no significant moderating effect.