Acute kidney injury (AKI) has emerged as a major public health problem that leads to decreased survival. Renal tubular epithelial cells are mainly damaged cells in AKI. Renal tubular epithelial cell remodeling plays a vital role in AKI. The regulatory mechanism of renal tubule remodeling is not yet clear. This review is written to address the renal tubule remodeling regulation mechanism of AKI.

New healthcare reform has been achieved remarkable effects and had a lot of acceptance by people at home and abroad. As the reason of the historical and medical system problem, high Medicine Price still exists in the most area of China. It is necessary to establish a reasonable mechanism of drugpricing and improve financial efficiencies of medical reform to guarantee the smooth and healthy development of healthcare reform.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of different doses of dexmedetomidine required to prevent sufentanil-induced cough during anesthesia induction. Methods Two hundred and forty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients, aged 18-55 yr, weighing 45-78 kg, undergoing elective gynecological operations under general anaesthesia, were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 60 each) : Ⅰ -Ⅳ groups. Ⅱ -Ⅳ groups received iv infusion of dexmedetomidine 0.10, 0.25 and 0.50 fig/kg at a rate of 0.05 μg·kg-1·min-1 respectively before anesthesia induction. Anesthesia was induced with target-controlled infusion of propofol (target effect-site concentration 5 μg/ml) , when the BIS value reached 55, iv sufentanil 0.5 fig/kg was injected over 3 s. The occurrence and degree of cough were recorded within 1 min after sufentanil injection. Tracheal intubation was facilitated with succinylcholine 1-2 mg/kg after the observation. The adverse cardiovascular events (severe sinus bradycardia, hypotension) were also record ed from the start of dexmedetomidine infusion to 1 min after intubation. Results The incidences of cough were 25 % , 7 % , 7 % and 5 % , incidences of severe sinus bradycardia 0, 3 % , 15 % and 25 % , and incidences of hypotension 5% , 7% , 8% and 8% in Ⅰ - Ⅳ groups respectively. Compared with group Ⅰ , the incidences of cough were significantly decreased in Ⅱ - Ⅳ groups, while the incidences of severe sinus bradycardia increased in Ⅲ -Ⅳ groups (P ＜ 0.01) . There was no significant difference in the incidences of cough among Ⅱ - Ⅲ groups and in the degree of cough among the four groups (P ＞ 0.05). Conclusion Intravenous dexmedetomidine 0.10 μg/kg can be used to prevent sufentanil-induced cough during anesthesia induction.

Glucokinase (GK) is considered to be the key regulatory enzyme in glucose metabolism, whose activity changing will lead to glucose metabolic disturbance and diabetes. Recently, people have realized that there is a good extensive perspective in diabetes research by means of glucokinase investigation. In this paper, we review the mechanism of diabetes resulting from abnormality of glucokinase activity and the status of glucokinase activators, propose the viewpoint that glucokinase is a powerful target for diabetes therapy and research, and illuminate that searching of glucokinase activators is the guidance in the future.

Arab countries have long tradition of using traditional medicine which enjoys mass foundation among local people. Recently, China's import and export trade of traditional medicine products with Arab countries showed an increasing trend year by year. With the implementation of the Belt and Road Strategy, Arab countries played a more important role in China's foreign trade. With the aim of promoting the spread of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in Arab countries, cooperation with relevant countries shall be differentiated. The Gulf region is economically advanced with its people enjoying prosperity, where is suitable for developing TCM product and service trade. The Levant has strong advantages in traditional medicine research, where academic communication shall be frequented. Countries in north Africa enjoy profound traditional friendship with China, where are suitable for dispatching Chinese foreign aid medical team to promote TCM. Meanwhile, we are supposed to take advantage of Confucius Institute and Chinese culture centers as platforms to spread TCM culture, to strengthen cooperation with medical universities and research institutions in the target countries, to enroll more Arab students to study TCM, to develop international standard Chinese-Arabic basic nomenclature of Chinese Medicine, and to carry out Traditional Arabic & Islamic Medicine researches.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have gradually become a research hotspot in recent years. The abnormal expression of some lncRNAs has been proven to promote tumorigenesis and progression. Among the lncRNAs, metastasis-associated lung adenocar-cinoma transcript 1 (MALAT-1) has attracted considerable attention in various tumor studies, particularly lung cancer. Therefore, the mechanism in which MALAT-1 regulates the cellular activities of tumors should be analyzed. This review mainly discusses the molecu-lar structure, biological function, and role of MALAT-1 in regulating cell proliferation, tumor metastasis, cell cycle, apoptosis, and so on. Furthermore, the role of MALAT-1 in epigenetic regulation is appropriately illustrated to provide a novel perspective in literature on the prevention and treatment of tumors.

Objective To observe the effect of ambroxol hydrochloride combined with intervention in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and evaluate its clinical effect. Methods A total of 88 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who were treated in Changxing Hospital of Zhejiang Province from March 2014 to April 2017 were randomly divided into study group and control group. The control group was treated with ambroxol, and the study group was given comprehensive nursing intervention on the basis of control group. The clinical treatment of the two groups was observed.Results After treatment, the total effective rate of the treatment group was 95.45％ (42/44), the control group was 77.27％(34/44), the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); there were no significant differences in blood gas analysis (PaO2, PEF) and lung function (MVV, Fres, Zrs, R5-R20, Cdyn) before treatment, after treatment, the improvement of the indicators in the study group was significantly better than the reference group (P<0.05). Conclusion Ambroxol combined with comprehensive nursing intervention for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, can effectively improve the clinical treatment effect, help to improve lung function, promote the recovery of the disease, with clinical application value.

Objectives:To observe the clinical features,related factors,prevention and treauments of complications on early enteral nutrition(EN) in severe head injured patients.Methods:360 patients with severe head injuries were enrolled in this study.GCS score was used to assess the patient's situation.After nasogastric(jejunal) tube was inserted,enteral nutrition was started from 48 hours after injury.The maximal EN volume(mL/d) in the first week after injury,time used for reaching to TEN(d),number of patients that achieved TEN in the first week following injury,blood glucose,serum albumin and ALT were observed.The complications due to enteral nutrition were analyzed. Results:Features of complications with early EN were that the abdominal distension,vomiting and aspiration were found in the first week and diarrhea occurred in the following weeks.A positive correlation between abdominal distension,vomiting and nasogastric tube was noted,while diarrhea had a negative correlation to GCS score and albumin level. Conclusions:The complications related to early enteral nutrition after severe head trauma correlated inversely to the degree of injury and serum albumin level.Utilization of nasojejunal tube could decrease the incidences of abdominal distension and vomiting.

Objective: To deeply investigate the influential factors of mental health in medical students by structural equation modeling.Methods: 480 medical students were tested with SCL-90,adolescent self-rating life events check list and simplified coping style questionnaire,then theoretical model were established and confirmed for the relationships of life events,satisfaction degree with their profession,coping styles and mental health.Results: Study stress,human relations,satisfaction degree towards their profession and coping styles closely correlated with mental health status,and the structural equation modeling fitted the data very well,GFI and AGFI were both larger than 0.90.Conclusion: Use of structural equation modeling has more advantages than the traditional statistical methods,but it should combine with professional knowledge when it is used.

Objective:To observe oncosis in human peripheral blood T lymphocytes.Methods:Peripheral blood T lymphocytes of healthy adult was separated with Percoll(1.073 g/ml)and harvested by using nylon column.The cultured cells were divided into control and dexamethasone(DXM)group,and cell morphology was observed through light microscope,electron microscope and fluorescent microscope.And incidence rate of oncosis was analyzed by flow cytometry.Results:①Oncosis could be observed in cultured T lymphocyte after 96h.②In different concentrations of DXM group(1?10-6,1?10-5,1?10-4,1?10-3mol/L),The incidence of oncosis T lymphocytes was(3.49?0.42)%,(5.17?0.48)%,(8.44?0.72)%,(17.93?1.50)%.③During different cultured period(48,72,96,120h),The oncositic rate of T lymphocytes in DXM group was(0.53?0.10)%,(6.36?0.80)%,(20.60?1.59)%,(25.56?1.76)%.Conclusion:Oncosis can be seen in human peripheral blood T lymphocytes,and DXM could induce oncosis.