OBJECTIVE:To investigate the inhibitory effect of astragalosides on proliferation of lung adenocarcinoma SPCA-1 cells. METHODS:After the cells were cultured in 0 (blank control),7.8,15.6,31.2,62.5,125.0 and 250.0 μg/ml for 48 h, MTT method was used to determine cell viability and median inhibitory concentration(IC50)was calculated,and terminal deoxynu-cleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling assay(TUNEL)and flow cytometry were employed to detect apopto-sis. RESULTS:Compared to the blank control,after the cells were cultured in 7.8,15.6,31.2,62.5,125.0 and 250.0 μg/ml as-tragalosides for 48 h,the cell viability was poorer(P<0.01),and IC50 was 61.75 μg/ml;after the cells were cultured in 15.6,31.2, 62.5,125.0 and 250.0 μg/ml astragalosides for 48 h,the apoptosis rate was higher. CONCLUSIONS:Astragalosides have an anti-tumor effect to some degree by a mechanism which may be related to inhibiting cancer cell proliferation and accelerating apoptosis.

Objective: To improve the safety of anesthesia of the neonates at high risk during surgical operation. 　Methods:Before the operation, Anisodamine, Ketamine and Vecuronium bromide were injected intravenously with dosage of 0.06mg, 2mg*kg-1 and 0.08-0.1mg*kg-1, respectively. Tracheal cannula or topical anesthesia using 1% of lidocaine hydrochloride was performed. The tracheal cannulation was performed after administration of sodium hydroxybutyrate and Ketamine by injection with dosages of 50-80 mg*kg-1 and 2mg*kg-1 body weight. Anesthesia apparatus and combinative anesthesia were used. The concentrations of SpO2 were monitored during the operation. A dosage of 1-2mg*kg-1 body weight was used for resuscination of the patients after the operation. 　Results: A total of 100 cases of operation were performed using the regime of anesthetic intervention described above. A 100% of success rate was achieved and no death occurred during the operation. 　Conclusion:Significant improvement of safety in anesthesia of the neonates at high risk during surgical operation can be achieved with sufficient preoperational preparation, adequate monitoring during the operation and rational use of anesthetics as well as restrict selection of suitable anesthetical interventions.

Objective To investigate the changes and roles of hypoxia inducible factor 1?(HIF 1?) expression in myocardial tissues in rats following severe scald. Methods Male Wistar rats inflicted with 40% TBSA Ⅲ degree scald were used as animal models. HIF 1? protein in myocardial tissues was detected by Western blot and immunohistochemical technique. Results HIF 1? protein expression in rat myocardial tissues increased significantly in the early stage following scald. The difference in HIF 1? level between the left and right ventricles was significant. The increased HIF 1? protein was mainly located in the nucleus. Conclusion HIF 1? protein expression in myocardial tissues of rats can be induced by severe scald and HIF 1? protein expression in the left ventricle is significantly higher than that in the right ventricle. The increased HIF 1? protein in the nucleus can induce downstream cytokine expression.

Dendritic cells(DCs),representing a heterogenous population of professional antigen-presenting cells,are the initiators and modulators of the immune responses.Studies indicate that regulatory T cells contribute to immune nullipotency and immune suppression via cell-cell contact or cytokine secretion.These two kinds of cells may be valuable tools for modulating immunity in the setting of autoimmunity,cancer,chronic viral infections and graft rejection,etc.Here we discuss the current knowledge on the functions of regulatory T cells and denditic cells-based immunoregulation and the applications.

Epigenetic modification includes DNA methylation, histone modification, non-coding RNA, etc., and is crucial in determining gene expression. A growing number of recent studies have shown that epigenetic regulation may play a central role in the pathogenesis of sepsis. Due to its explicit mechanism and relatively mature technic, DNA methylation has received extensive attention in sepsis-related researches. By examining recent studies on septic DNA methylation mechanism, this review elucidates the key role in sepsis occurrence and progression that DNA methylation plays from etiology, immunology and other aspects, as well as its application potential in the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of sepsis before pointing out the direction for further research.

Objective The treatment of limb bone fracture in combination with main vessel injury wasanalyzed retrospectively.Methods Twenty ccsese were respectively conducted by interlocking intramedullary pin fixation,plate and screw fixation,plate and screw fixation orextemal brace fixation according to the injury conditions of the fractures.Then,vascahr injaries were flexibly dwelt with direct repair,end-to-end anastomosis or blood vessel grafting.Results The-limb save rate in this study is 70%.and the reaoons which csllsed the amputation included:Long ischemia time and serious tissue damage.Conclusion Fractures of the extremities with major vascular injuries should be diagnosed promptly to be conducted properly.In this way,better outcome would be obtained.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the anti-shear force,stability and plasticity of reconstruction plate implantation,and to investigate its role in treating acetabular fractures complicated by free bone graft in the joint.METHODS:A computer-based online search of Science Direct and Ei databases (1960-01/2009-10) was performed for related English articles with the keywords of "acetabular fractures,modified ilioinguinal approach,reconstruction plate".In addition,CNKI and CBM database (1994-01/2009-10) were searched for related Chinese articles with the same key words in Chinese.Moreover,related works were manually searched.Studies regarding reconstruction plate implantation in treating acetabular fractures were included,including basic and clinical experiments.RESULTS:Acetabular top is weight loading region of human body,and the fracture should be reducted by the operation.Prior to reconstruction plate for acetabular fracture fixation,bone hook,and Kirschner wire can be used for temporary fixation,and the plate bending angle should be adjusted to accordant with lateral posterior wall or medial anterior wall of the acetabular top,followed by screw threading for fracture fixation.In addition,the screw entrance angle is very important.If the fixation of one plate is not satisfactory,one or two cancellous bone screw or Kirschner wire can be used to enhance the fixation.But the Kirschner wire tail should be bended to prevent dislocation into the pelvic cavity.Moreover,additional plate can be used for further fixation.Reconstruction plate fixation has advantages of anti-shear force,high stability and plasticity,which fully adapt the special appearance of acetabulum.Moreover,the incidence of postoperative plate loosening and breakage is low,and the satisfaction is high.Free bone blocks can be temporarily fixed by Kirschner wire,followed by reconstruction plate fixation.CONCLUSION:Reconstruction plate fixation has good clinical effect and few complications in treating acetabular fractures complicated by free bone blocks in the joint.

Objective To investigate the effect of high mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1) on inter-leukin-2 (1L-2) and interleukin-2 receptor α (IL-2α) expressions in human T lymphocytes and its potential regulat-ing mechanism in vitro. Method Human T lymphocytes were isolated and suspended, the cells were cultured with 20 μg/mL phytohemagglutinin (PHA) in 5% CO_2 at 37 ℃, recombinant human HMGB1 (rhHMGB1, 0, 10, 100, 1000 ng/mL) was added with the PHA and cultures were centrifuged at 12 and 48 hours for cell collect-ing. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) amplification was perfomed to determine gene ex-pressions of IL-2, IL-2Rα. IL-2, sIL-2R protein levels in cell culture supematants were measured by ELIZA. Re-sults After coincubated with rhHMGB1 (10, 100, and 1000 ng/mL) for 12 hours, IL-2 levels in cell culture su-pernatants respectively were 0 . 064 ± 0. 017 μg/L, 0.076±0.033 μg/L, and 0.061 ±0.02 μg/L, which were significantly higher compared with the untreated cells (0.045±0.011 μg/L, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Mean-while, IL-2 mRNA expression was markedly up-regulated following rhHMGB1 stimulation in various doses (F = 4.6872, P < 0.01). At 48 bourn, however, both IL-2 mRNA expression and protein production tended to de-crease along with an increased dose of dd-IMGB1 stimulationn. IL-2/sIL-2R ratio in 1000 ng/mL rhHMGB1 was markedly lower than that in 10 ng/ml rhHMGB1 (0.036±0.015 vs.0.055±0.017, P <0.05), together with down-regulation of IL-2Rα mRNA expression(P <0.01). Conclusions These data indieated that HMGBI could marked influence the IL-2/IL-2R expression in human T lymphocytes. With the increase in stimulating doses and prolongation of time, HMGBI might down-regulate T cell-mediated immune response of human lymphocytes.

A wide range of computer and internet applications impact on people's lifestyles andways of thinking profoundly, Internet acculturation is an important research issue in the information age.By the literature review,this paper summed up the themes of medical students' internet acculturation:in-ternet addiction disorder research,internet morality anomie research and internet learning adaptation re-search.Some suggestions for future research were put forward at last.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) for treatment of choledocholithiasis. Methods The clinical data of 326 patients receiving EST from July 1990 to January 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. Long-term follow-up was performed in 195 of the 326 patients. Results The common bile duct stones were removed in 301 cases (92. 33%).The occurring rate of complications after EST was 6.13% (20/326). Of the 20 patients, 10 had pancreatitis (3.07%), 7 hemorrhage (2. 14%), 4 cholangitis (1. 220%) and 1 duodenal perforation (0.09%). Only 1 patient died. The follow-up showed that 20 patients had reflux cholangitis and 18 recurrence of common bile duct stones. Conclusion Therapeutic endoscopy is safe and effective for treatment of choledocholithiasis.