From Jeunary 1986 to June 1991 107 cases of carcinoma of stomach were found by gastroscopy, in which 100cases were proved pathologically by biopsy (93.5%).The biopsy of other 7 cases was negative and the diagnosis was confirmed lately by operation.gastroscopy and pathological characteristics and their clinical significane were discussed (103 cases of carcinoma of stomach cases of early stage carcinoma ventriculi case of pinpoint carcinoma).The authors suggested that ulcer, erosion, nodule and stiff surface on the depressed mucosa at the antrum be examined carefully by means of gastroscopy and biopsy be done in order to discover early stage carcinoma ventriculi and make a correct diagnosis.Being aware of these features in not only beneficial to the reasonable clinical treatmet but also helpful to the diagnosis of carcinoma of stomach.

Objective:To study the mechanism of apoptosis in hippocampus of the rats with disorder of cortical developments.Methods:The Rats with disorder of cortical developments were established by carmustine(BUCN).AT P0,P15,P30,P45,P60,the number of apoptosis cell and expression of Bax and Bcl-2 in hippocampus were detected by TUNEL,immunohistochemistry method and RT-PCR;then the detected outcomes were analyzed by computer micrograph analysis system in control group and model group.Results:At P15,P30,P45,P60,the numbers of apoptosis,Bax,Bcl-2 masculine cell and bcl-2 MRNA,bax MRNA in hippocampus in the model group were more than those in the control group.The ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 in model group was significantly higher than those in the control group(P

Animals ; Antigens, Neoplasm ; genetics ; metabolism ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; genetics ; metabolism ; Brain Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; genetics ; metabolism ; Digestive System Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Female ; Genital Neoplasms, Female ; metabolism ; Glioma ; metabolism ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction

Pharmacodynamic (PD) studies play an important role in research and development of new traditonal Chinese medicines (TCMs). Phamacologic and toxicologic studies that aim to research drug ability can provide supporting data for the clinical trials and reduce the risk of clinical trials. In recent years, PD studies in TCMs are developing and progressing, but there are still some problems affecting the value of PD studies in the development of new TCMs. The value of PD studies depends on scientific and rational study design. This article summaries some defects in PD study design of new TCMs that are common in the application data, including defects in study type, testing targets, dosing, duration of administration, control group, testing time. This article also discusses some points of concern and specific requirements for PD study design of new TCMs.
Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Pharmacokinetics

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the feasibility of preparing tretinoin liposome by calcium acetate gradient method and to compare this method with the microfilm and the antiphase evaporation method.METHODS:Tretinoin liposome was pre-pared by microfilm method,antiphase evaporation method and calcium acetate gradient method,respectively.Sephadex G-50was used for isolation and ultraviolet spectrophotometry was utilized to determine the entrapped efficiency and grain size of liposomal tretinoin.Electronmicroscope was applied to observe the shape of tretinoin liposome.RESULTS:The calcium ac-etate gradient technology achieved the highest entrapped efficiency of90.48%.The liposomes had perfect shape with the mean diameter of35.8nm and kept stable in quality at4℃for3months.CONCLUSION:The liposome with high entrapped effi-ciency could be prepared by calcium acetate gradient method,and the method is feasible.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare nystatin buccal adhesive tablets and to study their properties of bioadhesion.METHODS:Nystatin buccal adhesive tablets of different formula matching ratio were prepared with carbomer(CP)and hy?droxy-propyl methyl cellulose(HPMC)as adhesive material and slow-release framework,and the adhesive power,duration of adhesion,swelling percentage and surface pH data of which were determined.RESULTS:There were great differences regarding bioadhesive properties among the adhesive tablets that of different formula matching ratio,the adhesive tablets that prepared in a formula matching ratio of1:1between CP to HPMC were of the best adhesiveness outcome.CONCLUSIONS:The buccal adhesive tablets were prepared successfully,and which can be used for the further study both in vivo and in vitro.

The catabolic response to severe injury , burn, inflammatory ,acute pancreatitis and operation is characterized by whole-body protein loss, mainly reflecting increased breakdown of muscle proteins. Glucocorticoids and various proinflammatory cytokines are important regulators of muscle proteolysis in stressed patients. In recent years, three types of treatments have been used to reduce or prevent the catabolic response to injury and sepsis: ①nutritional, ②hormonal, and ③pharmacologic. This article review the catabolic response and the corresponding interruption under the stress conditions.

The migration of vascular endothelial cells plays an important role in the vascular growth, repair of wounds, and repair of vascular endothelial cells. At the same time, the migration of endothelial cells plays an important role in the progress of vascular diseases, especially atherosclerosis. Thus, the characteristics of endothelial cell migration and related factors are very important for us to understand the role of endothelial cells in the progress of physiology and pathology. In this article, the factors of promotion and inhibition, and blood flow, cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix are recommended in details. Furthermore, at the end of the article, we discuss the close relationship between endothelial cells and repair of vascular endothelial cells, even new vascular growth in the plaques of atherosclerosis.

OBJECTIVE:To reference clinical utilization of amikacin of a hospital.METHODS:By retrospective survey,the clinical information of 30 inpatients who were treated with amikacin and received plasma concentration monitoring from Apr.2006 to Feb.2010 were analyzed statistically in respect of primary disease,results of pathogen culture and drug sensitivity test,dosages and usage,plasma concentration,clinical efficacy,adverse drug reactions,etc.RESULTS:Clinical response rate was 55.2% and dosage of amikacin was small as well as measured value and reference value of plasma concentration.No adverse drug reaction was observed.CONCLUSION:The proportion of amikacin should be increased and plasma concentration monitoring of amikacin should be strengthened.Individual regimen is realized to improve effectiveness and safety of drug use.

Aim To observe the effects of heat shock protein 70 ( Hsp70 ) activator SW02 on lipopolysaccha-ride( LPS)-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase ( iNOS ) and LPS-induced production of nitric oxide ( NO ) in macrophages. Methods RAW264. 7 cells were stimulated by LPS, and were divided into DMSO,DMSO+LPS(1 mg·L-1),SW02,and SW02+LPS ( 1 mg · L-1 ) groups. The protein expression was detected by Western blot. NO concentration was measured by Griess kit. The iNOS mRNA was detected by real-time PCR. The NF-κB binding to iNOS promot-ers was measured by chromatin immunoprecipitation ( ChIP ) assays. Results SW02 significantly blocked the protein and mRNA expression of iNOS as well as the production of NO in LPS-stimulated RAW264 . 7 cells(P<0. 01 or P<0. 05,SW02+LPS group vs DM-SO+LPS group) . SW02 did not affect the LPS-induced degradation of IκB-α( P>0. 05 , SW02 +LPS group vs DMSO+LPS group ) and nuclear translocation of NF-κB ( P > 0. 05 , SW02 + LPS group vs DMSO + LPS group) . However,SW02 reduced the NF-κB binding to iNOS promoters inside the cell( P<0. 05,SW02+LPS group vs DMSO+LPS group) . Conclusion These re-sults show that SW02 prevents iNOS expression and NO induction likely through attenuation of the NF-κB bind-ing to iNOS promoters in macrophages.