Objective:To evaluate the feasibility of animal model of bilirubin encephalopathy by injecting bilirubin solution into cerebellomedullary cistern of neonatal full-term and premature mice.Methods:Thirty 7-day-old mice were randomly divided into 5 groups:control group,model group 1,model group2,model group3,and model group4.Bilirubin solution was injected into the cerebellomedullary cistern in model groups(bilirubin 20?g/g bodyweight),while equal volume of normal saline was injected into the cerebellomedullary cistern in control group.The mice in model groups were sacrificed at the time of 12h,24h,48 and 72h after injection,respectively,and those in control group were sacrificed at 24h after injection.The apoptosis and necrosis of neurocytes,the expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins were detected by HE stain,immunohistochemical method and TUNEL in the hippocampus,respectively.Preterm mice were delivered by cesarean section at 21 days gestation and fed by surrogate mother mouse until 7 days old.Bilirubin solution was injected into their cerebellomedullary cistern.The mice's abnormal behaviors were observed.Results:The mice of model groups and preterm group appeared abnormal behaviors in different degree.Under light microscope,the neurocytes in their hippocampus appear apoptosis and necrosis.The nissl body in pyramidal cell body and dendron decreased,even dissolved to disappear.TUNEL showed that the apoptosis rate in the hippocampus increased obviously at 12h post-injection,reached the peak at 24h post-injection.The positive rate of Bax protein in the hippocampus reached the peak at 24h post-injection,while the positive rate of Bcl-2 protein decreased to the lowest.Conclsions:The method that injecting bilirubin solution into neonatal mice' cerebellomedullary cistern to set up the animal model of bilirubin encephalopathy is simple and feasible.The peak time of neurocytes' apoptosis in hippocampus was 24h post-injection.It's crucial to prevent bilirubin encephalopathy as early as possible.

Recently,paclitaxel has been used as a new agent on patients with advanced esophageal cancer,and several studies have demonstrated that paclitaxel and paclitaxel-based regimens have significant activity in patients with advanced esophageal cancer and showed highly response rates than the combination of 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) and cisplatin.However,there have been some problems which need to be solved such as drug-resistance,side effect,and so forth.The new medicament form of paclitaxel can not only depress poison without anti-allergy but also raise medicament curative effect as well as the pharmacal concentration.Although most of the research on the new medicament form of paclitaxel are still limited in the stage of laboratory,it has possessed potential advance in the treatment of advanced esophageal cancer.

Objective:To study the clinical value of serumsoluhle CD8 antigen(sCD8)inpatients withGraves disease(GD).Methods:The level of serum sCD8 was detected by ELISA in40 healthy controls and 46 GD Patients.Serial measurement were carried out in 28 patientsbefore and after trea treatment with PTU. Results: Serum sCD8 levels were increased signifiantly in untreated GD patients as compared with conrols(21.91 ±9.13 kU/Lvs9.84±3.08kU/L, P ＜0.001).After treatment with PTU for 2 to 7 months,sCD8 levels tetumed to normal when eu-thyroidism was esta established in 22 patients(9.67 ± 5. 14 kU/L) but remained high in 6 unmiproved patients(38.74 ± 9.89 kU/L). No statisticalrelationship was found between sCD8 and T3、T4、TSH、TGA、 TMA.Conchusion: The level of serum sCD8 correlate well with disease activityand may be of value in disease prognosis. PTU show some suppressor effect on immune.

Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of natural foci of plague in Qinghai province in the past twenty years and to provide references for prevention and control of the disease. Methods Excel software was used to analyze the database of human plague cases and the surveillance and survey data of natural foci of plague in Qinghai province from 1999 to 2009. Results Animal plague occurred in Qaidam Basin, Qinghai Plateau and central and southern Plateau year after year, which became key areas of animal plague in Qinghai province. There were many human plague cases every year except 1999, 2000, 2002, 2007, 2008 from 1990 to 2009. Cumulative incidence of human plague was 27 cases, with incidence of 73 cases, 29 cases of death, and death rate 39.73%. Epidemic areas mainly distributed in the 4 states of Yushu, Hainan, Hercynian, Haibei.Prevalent season was from May to October. The most prevalent was pneumonic type among clinical types [60.27%(44/73)]. Conclusions Animal plague has occurred actively in key areas of Qinghai province in recent years,and an outbreak of human plague in some areas is found. Monitoring and early warning should be strengthened in the key areas, and comprehensive prevention and control measures should be implemented to reduce the incidence and prevalence of the plague.

β-Glucan is a kind of highly conservative composition on fungal cell wall.As a recognition receptor of β-glucan,dendriticcell-associatedC-typelectin-1 (dectin-1)widely distributeinsingle-nuclea macrophages system,dendritic cells ( DC )and neutrophil cells.Through the identification of fungal cell wall composition and cells signal transduction,dectin-1 induces the production of cytokine and chemokine and then starts a nonspecific and specific immunity response.Dectin-1 plays a key role in antifungal immune response.Here,the molecular structure,tissue cells,signal transmission and the immune inflammation role of dectin-1 in corneal infection were reviewed.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of ICARE rebounder tonometer (RBT) by comparing the measurement results of ICARE RBT,applanation tonometer (AT) and non-contact tonometer (NCT).Methods This study included 100 glaucoma suspect cases (100 eyes) with their day and night intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement in Beijing Tongren Hospital from May to November,2014.IOP of each eye was measured by two experienced examiners using RBT,AT and NCT for three times respectively and the mean values were recorded as the final result.Results IOP was measured by RBT,AT,NCT,the values were (19.1s5.7),(18.9±5.0),(15.2±5.0) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),respectively.The difference between RBT and AT was (0.2±1.8) mmHg,and the difference between NCT and AT was-(3.8±2.6) mmHg.There was no significant difference in the values between RBT and AT,t=-1.136,P＞0.05.There was significant difference in the values between NCT and AT,t=14.714,P＜0.01.The results measured by RBT,NCT and AT had correlation,r=0.948,0.822;P＜0.01.The relevant value was 0.973 in two examiners with RBT,which consisted with the result with AT.Conclusion RBT meets the clinical needs and can be widely used in clinical work.

Objective To study the value of serum HMGB1(high mobility group box-1) and carbohydrate antigen 72-4(CA72-4) in patients with early gastric cancer .Methods 50 cases of early gastric cancer patients were enrolled as a group ,45 cases of gastric lesions as benign gastric benign group ,100 cases of healthy people as healthy group.Serum HMGB1 and CA72-4 in all people were detected .Results Early gastric cancer serum HMGB1 and CA72-4 was higher than benign lesions in the stomach and the healthy group (χ2 =33.69,82.95,51.41,104.74, P<0.01),while benign lesions of the stomach and the positive rate healthy group ,the difference was not statistically significant(χ2 =3.80,1.90,all P>0.05).HMGB1 diagnosis of early gastric cancer sensitivity was 70.0%,specific-ity 95.2%and accuracy was 88.7%.CA72-4 diagnosis of early gastric cancer with a sensitivity of 80.0%(40/50), specificity was 97.2%(141/145) an accuracy of 92.8%(181/195).Joint detection,diagnosis of early gastric cancer with a sensitivity of 94.0%(47/50),while the specificity was 93.1%(135/145),the accuracy was 93.3%(182/195),higher than those of the single detection sensitivity and accuracy .Early gastric cancer with lymph node metasta-sis in patients with serum HMGB1 and CA72-4 were significantly higher than those in patients without lymph node metastasis,the two groups were significantly different (t=2.927,4.096,all P<0.05).Conclusion Joint detection of serum HMGB1 and CA72-4 allows early diagnosis of gastric cancer ,and to determine the prognosis of patients .

Objective: To evaluate the effect of flotation therapy on the attention of undergraduates. Method: Subjects were 53 undergraduates (26 male, 27 female). They were randomly divided into 5 groups. Group 1,2,3 and group 4 were flotation groups and group 5 was control group. Each subject finished four therapies. Visual attention attribution and diversion (T5) and bilateral two- choice reaction time (T8) were used as the indexes. Result: As a whole, the T5 and T8 times of the subjects in the flotation groups were shortened in the course of the therapy. The promotion of attention in the male subjects was better than that in the female subjects. There was no significant difference between the changes of bilateral two-choice reaction time. The promotion in the flotation subjects was significantly better than that in the control subjects and it could not be explained totally by practice effect. Conclusion: The attention of the subjects can be promoted by flotation therapy. This study could not support the assumption that flotation therapy could promote the function of right brain as some prior studies declared.

Objective To investigate the influence of surface grafting density of polyethylene glycol (PEG) molecules on the interactions of nanoparticle with the biomembrane.Methods The dynamics of polymer as well as its shielding effect on the wrap of the membrane were investigated using coarse-grained (CG) molecular dynamics simulations.A coarse grained model force field,MARTINI,was employed for its ability to reproduce experimental properties of various lipid dynamics and some kinds of polymer as well.Results As a result,structural variations and energy changes of grafted PEG molecules on the nanoparticles,adsorbing dynamics of PEGs on the membrane as well as the wrap rates of the membrane were obtained to shed light on the PEGylation-mediated shielding mechanism in the adsorption of PEGylated nanoparticles on the membrane.Conclusions The surface grafting density of PEGylated nanoparicles has been found to play a crucial role in the stealth shielding behavior of PEGylated nanocarriers.These studies are consistent with experimental observations and to some extent give a molecular level interpretation of the macroscale observations of prolonged circulation half-life of stealth nanocarriers.

Objective To explore the clinical guiding value of spiral computed tomography(SCT)with three-dimensional computed tomography reconstruction(3-DCT)in percutaneous kyphoplasty(PKP).Methods 24 patients prepared to be treated with PKP were examined under 3-DCT before the treatment.Results According to the contra-indications shown by 3-DCT,11 patients' operation were cancelled;the others were treated with PKP and got good outcomes due to the accurate data provided by 3-DCT.Conclusion SCT plays an important role in PKP.