AIM: To explore the anti-LPS mechanisms of ?-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (?-MSH), the effects of ?-MSH on the expression of SOCS-3 mRNA and the production of NO in murine peritoneal macrophages induced by LPS were investigated. METHODS: BALB/c mouse peritoneal macrophages were cultured in vitro and induced by LPS, ?-MSH and LPS with ?-MSH, respectively. The expression of SOCS-3 mRNA was detected using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). NO produced in macrophages was tested with Griess reagent. RESULTS: The level of NO and the expression of SOCS-3 mRNA were significantly increased in macrophages stimulated with LPS.?-MSH markedly decreased the expression of SOCS-3 mRNA and almost completely inhibited the production of NO induced by LPS. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the negative regulative circuits operated by SOCS are activated during the inflammation induced by LPS, but SOCS might not be involved in the anti-LPS mechanism of ?-MSH.

Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) is a cliniconeuroradiological entity mainly characterized by the rapidly progressive increase in blood pressure, headache, vomiting, conscious disturbance and seizure. Neuroimaging showed symmetrical reversible white matter edema in bilateral cerebral hemispheres, particularly in posterior brain.Clinical symptoms and neuroimaging changes can be recovered completely with timely and correct treatment. The two major hypotheses about the pathogenesis of RPLS-cerebral vasospasm and cerebrovascular hyperperfusion-have been in dispute. At preseut, most researchers still agree that the latter is the main cause of cerebral edema. This article expounds the new viewpoints of its pathogenesis and the above two major hypotheses in recent years from the characterizations of etiology, pathology and imaging of RPLS.

Objective To explore the animal model making method for diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) caused by the disharmony of liver and spleen in TCM.Methods In order to define the period of the animal model making,the 32 neonatal rats were divided into 3 days group,6 days group,9 days group and control group.In order to determine the weight of the experimental rats,the 48 rats with different weight were divided into lower weight model group,lower weight control group,medium weight model group,medium weight control group,higher weight model group and higher weight control group.In order to decide the method of causing diarrhea,the 32 rats were divided into lactose enriched diet group,restraint stress group,lactose enriched diet plus restraint stress group,and a control group.The body weight and diarrhea rate of all groups were compared respectively.After the method of model making was decided,the 16 rats were divided into a model group and a control group,and 5-hydroxytryptamin (5-HT),lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and aquaporin 4 (AQP4) of the two groups were compared for model-proving.Results Based on the results step by step,the best method was decided:the period of the animal model making was 6 days,rats with higher body weight should be subjects,and the lactose enriched diet combining with restraint stress should be used to induce diarrhea.Model-proving test:compared with the control group,5-HT and LDH decreased (P

Objective]Explore the Neijing·Lingshu and channels and col aterals theory of traditional Chinese medicine on root end, the meaning of the appearance substance, the development and application.[Methods]Through consulting relevant literature, the paper expounds root end, appearance substance in channels and col aterals theory, the definition and connection, and the root knot, appearance substance and qi and blood, specific hole, gas street, universal and systematic review of clinical application, etc. [Results]Root end is similar but not identical and appearance substance theory, root end heavy concrete location, up and down on both ends of the appearance substance weight area. Qi by no out, a way to root, slip, note, and five acupoints, the head of the parts to the auction, offering acupuncture point, back-shu point, the acupuncture point, etc., in accordance with the gas tract, universal distribution position. Come a long way to Selecting distant points and root-pass-knot match point, provide theoretical basis for clinical application. [Conclusions]Root end, appearance substance theory is a supplement to the theory of meridians and improvement of the clinical syndrome differentiation, finding out the formula and specific point one of the clinical application provides the theoretical methods, the application method is an extension of the concept on also to expand scope provided theoretical guidance for the treatment of disease. The disease diagnosis and treatment have important significance.

Stem cells are characterized by the ability to renew themselves and differentiate into a di-verse range of specialized cell types.Bmi1 gene has been determined to play critical roles in the self-renewal of stem cells.Many of the tumor originated in stem cells.Enhanced self-renewal capability in stem/progenitor cells changes its biological characteristic and drives tumor initiation

There is not a unified and specific treatment for IgA nephropathy at present,and the treatments varies with the individuals,because of the great disparity of seriousness,diversity in pathological changes and discrepancy in course of the disease.It is still regarded as the major therapeutic objective in clinical medicine that alleviating the clinical symptoms,protecting the kidney function,and delaying the progress of kidney disease.

DMF Index ; Dental Caries ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Risk Assessment

Objective To summarize the mid-term result and clinical experience of individual treatment for Stanford type B aortic dissection.Method 213 patients (172 male,41 female) with Stanford type B aortic dissection were admitted between Apr 2008 and Jan 2013.Age ranged from 23 to 83 averaging 54 ± 9.63 patients were treated conservatively and 47 patients underwent open surgery,103 patients by endovascular repair.Result Patients in conservative group were older than those in open surgery group.Preoperative waiting time was the longest in open surgery group.Concomitant procedures adopted in open surgery group included replacement of ascending aorta and aortic arch in 3 patients and fenestration of stented elephant trunk in 19 patients; 31 patients received bypass graft of cervical vessels during endovascular repair.Mortality was 11.1％,4.3％,3.9％ in conservative group,open surgery group and endovascular group,respectively.Compared with open surgery,endovascular repair had a lower incidence of perioperative complications (P ＜ 0.05).186 patients were followed-up with a mean follow-up duration of (26± 17) months.There were no difference in mortality and complications between the three groups.Conclusions In Stanford B aortic dissection,individualized therapy based on patient's condition achieves a favorable mid-term result with low mortality and complication rate.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hepatocyte Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Humans ; Kidney ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; metabolism ; pathology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met ; metabolism

ObjectiveTo study the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma.MethodsClinical data of 27 cases of pancreatic cystadenoma and 20 cases of cystadenocarcinoma were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsAdenomas were successfully resected in 22 out of 27 cases, while adenocarcinomas were resected in 9 out of 20 cases, with a total resection rate of 67%. The preoperative misdiagnosis rate was 26%. There was no recurrence after a complete resection of pancreatic cystadenoma. The postresection 5 years′ survival rate was 42% in pancreatic cystadenocarcinoma. Conclusions It is suggested that cystic neoplasms of the pancreas is uncommon and grows slowly. In order to promote the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma, surgeons must be familiar with the clinical features and pathologic appearance. The long-term survival of the patients with resected adenocarcinoma is favourable.