Objective To summarize the clinical experience of diagnosis and treatment of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of pancreas(SPTP),and to work out the diagnosis and treatment process which matches the conditions of China.Methods The clinical data of consecutive 50 patients with SPTP who had been admitted to our hospital from January 2001 to March 2007 were retrospectively analyzed.Of all patients,3 were male and 47 female.Their median age Was 24 years(13-60 years).Preoperative imaging examination revealed typical findings and tumor markers were negative.SPIP of 23 cases were located in the head of pancreas,3 in the neck of pancreas,2 in the uncinate process of pancreas.3 in the body of pancreas,18 in the tail of pancreas,and the location of SPTP of 1 case was uncertain.Forty-eight patients underwent the operation of SPTP resection,1 of exploratory laparotomy and 1 of CT-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy of metastatic lesions.Results Forty-nine out of 50 patients were diagnosed"pancreatic mass"preoperatively.Eighteen of the 32 patients with intact tumor capsule and 11 of the 16 patients without intact tumor capsule underwent operation without pathological examination.Thirty-two patients were followed up for 3-55 months,and no metastasis or invasion of the SPTP was observed.Conclusions Yong females are in the high risk group of SPTP.CT is the most valuable preoperative imaging test.Complete surgical resection is the first choice treatment with good prognosis.Resection of the head of pancreas with the preservation of duodenum and resection of body and tail of pancreas+splenectomy are the commou modalities used for the treatment of SPTP.The intactness of the tumor capsule is an important factor in making surgical plan and deciding the necessity of intraoperative frozen section pathological examination.The most common postoperative complication of SPTP resection is pancreatic fistula.

OBJECTIVETo compare the efficacy of ondansetron and granisetron in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in high-risk patients.

METHODSTotally 200 patients with three key risk factors for PONV (female, non-smoking and postoperative opioid use) were equally randomized into ondansetron group and granisetron group. Ondansetron (4 mg) or granisetron (3 mg) was intravenously administered upon the completion of surgery. The episodes of nausea and vomiting were observed for 24 hours after surgery.

RESULTSA significantly greater proportion of patients in granisetron group achieved a complete response (i.e., no PONV or rescue medication) during the first 24 hours postoperatively versus those in ondansetron group (62.6% vs. 46.9%, respectively; P=0.048). There were no significant differences in terms of postoperative nausea incidences (42.9% vs. 34.3%, respectively), postoperative vomiting incidences (25.5% vs. 20.2%, respectively) and postoperative rescue anti-emetics incidences (19.4% vs. 15.2%, respectively) (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONGranisetron is more effective than ondansetron in preventing PONV in high-risk patients during the first 24 hours postoperatively.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antiemetics ; therapeutic use ; Double-Blind Method ; Female ; Granisetron ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ondansetron ; therapeutic use ; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting ; prevention & control ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Abstract: Objective　To detect the antibody levels of hantavirus in serum samples from patients suspected with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Heilongjiang Province from 2019 to 2021, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of disease. Methods　Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were used to detect the IgM antibodies to hantavirus in serum samples collected from suspected patients with HFRS in the acute-phase, and IgM and IgG antibody in convalescent-phase serum samples. The positive rate of IgM antibody in acute-phase serum samples of patients in different years was analyzed with χ2 test by SPSS 19.0, and the data were sorted out and analyzed about patients' gender, occupation, age, date of onset and interval from onset to initial diagnosis by EpiData 3.1, Excel 2003 software. Results　A total of 351 acute-phase serum samples and 208 convalescent-phase serum samples were detected in patients suspected with HFRS, respectively. There were 317 positive IgM antibodies of serum samples in the acute stage, with the positive rate of 90.31%. There was no significant difference in the positive rate of IgM antibodies in the acute stage between different years (χ2=0.895, P=0.639). T The IgM antibodies and IgG antibodies were positive in 32 (15.39%) and 28 (13.46%) of the convalescent-phase serum samples, respectively. Moreover, 148 patients (71.15%) were double-positive for IgM and IgG antibodies at the convalescent stage. The ratio of male to female patients was 4.56∶1, for which male patients were much more than female patients. Occupation was dominated by farmers (253 cases, 79.81%), followed by workers (19 cases, 5.99%) and the unemployed (17 cases, 5.36%), respectively. The age of patients ranged from 10 to 88 years old, with a median age of 49 years old. Most of the patients were in the age group from 30 years old to 60 years old (209 cases, 65.93%), among which the age group from 40 years old to 50 years old (86 cases, 27.13%) had the highest proportion, and the age group from 60 years old to 90 years old had a proportion of 20.18% (19 cases). May and November were the peak periods of HFRS in Heilongjiang Province. The median interval between onset and initial diagnosis was 4 days. Conclusions　There is a gap of about 10% between the clinical diagnosis of HFRS cases and the confirmed cases detected by laboratory in Heilongjiang Province from 2019 to 2021. The virus-specific detection results are important for confirming the diagnosis of local patients with HFRS.

OBJECTIVETo compare the efficacy of different 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor antagonists in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients undergoing general anesthesia.

METHODSTotally 360 patients, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade I - II, aged 18-75 years, and having received elective operation with endotracheal intubation general anesthesia, were randomly divided into three double-blind groups: ondansetron group, tropisetron group, and granisetron group, with 120 patients in each group. Before anesthesia induction, patients were intravenously given ondansetron (4 mg), tropisetron (5 mg), or granisetron (3 mg), respectively. The episodes of nausea and vomiting were recorded for 24 hours after operation.

RESULTSNo significant differences were observed in the terms of complete inhibition rate of PONV among ondansetron group (70.0%), tropisetron group (68.6%), and granisetron group (72.9%) within 24 hours postoperatively (P >0.05), and so did postoperative nausea incidences (22.5%, 25.4%, and 20.3%, respectively), and postoperative vomiting incidences (10.0%, 13.6%, and 8.5%, respectively) (P > 0.05). No remarked antiemetic-related adverse effects were observed within 24 hours postoperatively.

CONCLUSIONIntravenous ondansetron (4 mg), tropisetron (5 mg), or granisetron (3 mg) before anesthesia induction can prevent PONV with similar efficacy and safety.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Anesthesia, General ; adverse effects ; Antiemetics ; therapeutic use ; Double-Blind Method ; Female ; Granisetron ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Indoles ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ondansetron ; therapeutic use ; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the mechanisms of Qianjing Decoction in the treatment of oligoasthenospermia (OAS).

METHODSWe randomly divided 100 SPF male rats into five groups of equal number: normal, model, Huangjingzanyu, levocarnitine, and Qiangjing. OAS models were established in the animals followed by intragastrical administration of normal saline, ornidazole, Huangjingzanyu Capsules (200 mg per kg body weight per day), levocarnitine (100 mg per kg body weight per day), and Qianjing Decoction (10 g per kg body weight per day), respectively, qd, for 4 successive weeks. Then, we detected the concentration and motility of the epididymal sperm, obtained the contents of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malonaldehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), α-glucosidase, and fructose in the epididymis, and determined the mRNA expressions of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) in the epididymal tissue of the rats by real-time PCR.

RESULTSThe concentration and motility of the epididymal sperm in the model, Huangjingzanyu, levocarnitine, and Qianging groups were (35.34 ± 4.22) x 10(6)/ml and (40.04 ± 7.05)%, (48.12 ± 5.56) x 10(6)/ml and (62.46 ± 7.12)%, (47.14 ± 4.87) x 10(6)/ml and (63.23 ± 6.34)%, and (50.25 ± 5.08) x 10(6)/ml and (66.34 ± 7.58)%, respectively, all significantly lower than in the normal group ([53.05 ± 4.55] x 10(6)/ml and [70.20 ± 8.54]%) (P < 0.05), but remarkably higher in the Huangjingzanyu, levocarnitine, and Qiangjing groups than in the model rats (P < 0.05). Compared with the thinned epididymal lumen walls, decreased sperm count, and disorderly and loose arrangement of the lumens in the OAS models, the rats in the Huangjingzanyu, levocarnitine, and Qiangjing groups showed evidently thicker epididymal lumen walls, with the lumens full of sperm cells and arranged regularly and compactly, similar to those of the normal rats. The levels of SOD and GSH-Px were significantly lower but that of MDA markedly higher in the model rats ([84.12 ± 23.25], [10.56 ± 3.02], and [14.04 ± 2.06] nmol/mg) than in the normal group ([110.04 ± 19.56], [17.25 ± 3.56], and [8.87 ± 1.35] nmol/mg) (P < 0.05), while the former two indexes remarkably higher and the latter one significantly lower in the animals treated with Qiangjing Decoction ([120.56 ± 23.68], [16.34 ± 3.12], and [8.45 ± 1.56] nmol/mg), Huangjingzanyu Capsules ([115.34 ± 21.35], [15.23 ± 3.67], and [8.33 ± 1.54] nmol/mg), and levocarnitine ([116.67 ± 22.67], [15.35 ± 3.45], and [8.05 ± 1.78] nmol/mg) than in the models (P < 0.05). The levels of fructose, LDH and α-glucosidase were decreased markedly in the OAS models ([100.22 ± 12.12] mg/[ ml x g], [322 ± 46.13] U/[ ml x g], and [10.48 ± 2.33] U/[ml x g]) as compared with the normal rats ([128.12 ± 13.45] mg/[ml x g], [428 ± 35.12] U/[ml x g], and [15.34 ± 3.12] U/[ ml x g]) (P < 0.05), remarkably higher in the rats treated with Qiangjing ([130.23 ± 13.67] mg/[ml x g] [455 ± 51.50] U/[ml x g], and [18.56 ± 4.67] U/[ml x g]), Huangjingzanyu ([124.16 ± 14.02] mg/[ml x g], [ 419 ± 43.14] U/[ml x g], and [17.64 ± 4.08] U/[ml x g]), and levocarnitine ([123.34 ± 14.02] mg/[ml x g], [430 ± 31.80] U/ [ml x g], and [16.85 ± 5.55] U/[ml x g]) than in the models (P < 0.05). The Nrf2 mRNA expression was significantly reduced in the models as compared with the normal rats (P < 0.05) but remarkably increased in the Huangingzanyu, Qiangjing and levocarnitine groups as compared with the model and normal animals (P < 0.05). The SDH mRNA expression was significantly lower in the model than in the normal rats (P < 0.05) but markedly elevated in the Huangjingzanyu, Qiangjing and levocarnitine groups as compared with the model and normal animals (P < 0.05), remarkably higher in the Qiangjing than in the Huangjingzanyu group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONOrnidazole induces OAS in rats, which is closely associated with excessive oxidation and energy metabolism dysfunction. Qiangjing Decoction can improve and even reverse ornidazole-induced OAS in rats as well as improve the ultrastructure of their testicular and epididymal tissues. Antioxidation and improvement of energy metabolism are probably the action mechanisms of Qiangjing Decoction in the treatment of OAS.

Animals ; Antioxidants ; Asthenozoospermia ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Carnitine ; pharmacology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Energy Metabolism ; drug effects ; Epididymis ; metabolism ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; metabolism ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Oligospermia ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Ornidazole ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Sperm Count ; Sperm Motility ; Spermatozoa ; drug effects ; physiology ; Succinate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; alpha-Glucosidases ; metabolism

In this paper, we summarize the major problems existing in establishing gastric cancer patient-derived xenograft ( PDX) models and its solutions, and introduce its advantages on screening targeted drugs. As many previous re?search emphasized on individual characteristics too much, we argue that we should pay more attention to the generality of what we are studying in order to analyze the genotype of PDX models before taking a targeted therapy.

Objective To characterize the viability and transgene expression of articular chon-drocytes cultured in 3-Dimensional scaffolds provided by four types of carriers.Methods Articular chondrocytes from rabbit knees were cultured and infected with adenovirus that could express green fluo-rescence protein (AdGFP) and GL3 luciferase (AdGL3-Luc).The viability and gene expression were determined with fluorescence microscopy and luciferase assays in four types of scaffolds;type I collagen sponge, fibrin glue, hyaluronan and open-cell polylactic acid (OPLA).Cartilage matrix production was assessed by Alcian blue staining.Results Articular chondrocytes of rabbits were effectively infected by AdGFP and exhibited sustained GFP expression.All the tested scaffolds supported the survival and gene expression of the infected chondrocytes.However, the highest transgene expression was observed in the OPLA carrier (P<0.01).Alcian blue-positive matrix materials were readily detected in OPLA cultures four weeks later.Conclusion OPLA supports the highest transgene expression and is the most conduc-tive scaffold for matrix production, suggesting that OPLA may be a suitable scaffold for cell-based gene therapy of articular cartilage repair.

Objective: To study the relationship between physical health of college students and the risk of sports injuries, and to provide a reference for sports injuries prevention. Methods: The convenience sampling method was used to select 1 237 college students from grade 1 to 4 majoring liberal arts, sciences, and sports (non sports students) in Shanghai. The three types of physical fitness test scores of form, function and quality were used to investigate the occurrence of sports injuries of students in the past year through self report. Logistic regression analysis, multiple linear regression and two piecewise linear regression models were used. Results: The incidence of sports injuries among college students was 12.5% (155). There was a non linear relationship between physical health score and the occurrence of sports injury events. When the physical health score was less than 70, there was negatively correlated with the risk of sports injury ( OR = 0.88 , 95% CI =0.85-0.91, P <0.05). When the physical fitness score was greater than or equal to 70, there was no statistically significant difference in the risk of sports injury between different scores ( OR = 0.98 , 95% CI =0.95-1.02, P >0.05). Conclusion The physical health level of college students is negatively related with the risk of sports injury. It is recommended that college students have a physical fitness score of at least 70 points.

Lyophilization of human red blood cells has important significance in clinical application. Some sugars, especially trehalose, can be more tolerant of some organism or cells to dry environments, But, how to bring sugars into cells is a challenge. This study was aimed to investigate the regularity of sugar-uptake in human red blood cells. The absorption rate of trehalose and glucose in red blood cells, free hemoglobin level and erythrocyte deformation index were determined at different incubation temperature (4, 25 and 37 degrees C), different sugar concentration (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1 mol/L) and different incubation time (1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 hours). The results showed that with increase of temperature and extracellular sugar concentration, the uptake of sugar in red blood cells also increased, the intracellular trehalose and glucose concentrations were over 30 mmol/L and 40 mmol/L respectively. The effects of incubation time on uptake of trehalose and glucose were different. With prolonging of incubation time, the uptake of trehalose showed firstly increase and then decrease, however, the uptake of glucose showed a constant increase. But the loading process had side-effect on free hemoglobin and maximum deformation index (MAXDI) of red blood cells, especially for trehalose, which mainly come from high osmotic pressure. It is concluded that the uptake of sugars in red blood cells is closely dependent on incubation temperature, extracellular sugar concentration and incubation time. In certain condition, the efficiency of sugar uptake is very high, but this process also damages red blood cells so as to affect the application of sugars in lyophilization of red blood cells. The research in the future should focus on how to deal with the relation between cell injury and uptake efficiency of sugar in red blood cells.
Blood Preservation ; adverse effects ; Cryoprotective Agents ; pharmacokinetics ; Erythrocyte Membrane ; drug effects ; Erythrocytes ; metabolism ; Freeze Drying ; Glucose ; pharmacokinetics ; Humans ; Trehalose ; pharmacokinetics

This study was aimed to investigate the stability and in vitro function of glycosylated platelets concentrates after long-term refrigeration. The experiments were divided into 4 groups: group preserved at room temperature (RT group), group preserved at 4 degrees C (4T group), group glycosylated and preserved at 4 degrees C (U + 4 group) and group preserved at 4 degrees C and glycosylated (4 + U group). All groups followed for up to 14 days. The binding rate of RCA I lectin and expression of Plt surface markers CD62P, CD42b and Annexin V binding were determined by flow cytometry. pH and mean volume were determined by pH meter and hematotocytometer respectively. Platelet aggregation was detected by aggregometer. The results showed that during storage up to 14 days RCAI binding rate of modified groups was 5 - 6 fold of RT group. The pH of platelets suspension had no significant difference between these two groups (p > 0.05). Mean volumes of both groups (10.6 +/- 1.9 fL and 11.14 +/- 1.1 fL) were also no significant difference (p > 0.05). Furthermore, aggregation responsiveness of modified groups was better than that of RT groups (p < 0.05) although both decreased during the storage. The expression level of CD62P, CD42b and Annexin V binding during 5 days of storage had no significant difference between modified and fresh platelet groups (p > 0.05). While the expression level of CD62P and PS increased and the expression level of CD42b decreased during storage up to 14 days, there was significant difference between modified and fresh platelet groups (p < 0.01). It is concluded that the glycan modification is stable during storage up to 14 days. The glycosylated platelets retain in vitro function better than RT platelets during storage, but it shows activation to varying degrees in vitro after storage for 5 days.
Blood Platelets ; cytology ; metabolism ; Blood Preservation ; Cryopreservation ; methods ; Galactose ; pharmacology ; Glycosylation ; Humans ; Platelet Aggregation ; drug effects