Objective To explore the pathologic changes of the opening blood-brain barrier(BBB) in the early stages of 50% TBSA scalded rabbits.Methods Ten male rabbits inflicted with 50% TBSA of Ⅲ degree were randomized into five groups: control,postburn 1 h,2 h,3 h,4 h.Brain tissues were isolated at different phases and observed in gross,by microscope and transmission electron microscope.Results Endothelial cells swelled and BBB began to open in 2 h after scald.The tight junction of endothelial cells became vague and the opening of BBB increased as lesion time prolonged.Conclusion As the lesion time prolonged,the injury of endothelial cells became more serious and the opening of BBB progressed,which resulted in the formation of brain edema.

To investigate the features of CT, ultrasonography and fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) of morning glory syndrome, the data on CT, A/B-scan ultrasonography and fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) were retrospectively analyzed in 8 cases of morning glory syndrome (MGS). Among those cases, 6 were examined with CT, 4 with FFA and 8 with A/B-scan ultrasonography. Results showed that the characteristics of CT, A/B-scan ultrasonography and FFA in MGS included: (1) The attachment spot of optic nerve became thin and vitreous body protruded to the posterior wall of eyeball with a spherical shape on CT image; (2) in the early period of FFA, hypofluorescence appeared on the optic, the abnormal arteriae and veins around the optic papilla were displayed clearly and in the late period, optic disc was stained with fluorescein; (3) on B-scan ultrasonogram, the vitreous cavity extended to the posterior pole and optic papilla, and projected to the basal part of muscle cones and thus the posterior part of vitreous cavity looked like an upside-down bottleneck. Sometimes the echogenic band of retinal detachment could also be seen. On A-scan ultrasonogram, both vitreous cavity and bottleneck showed no ultrasonic echoes and presented a base line without any evident wave crest. It is concluded that CT, A /B-scan ultrasonography and FFA could show the imageological features of MGS from different aspects, which helps clinicians to differentiate it from other diseases such as optic disc coloboma. CT and A /B-scan ultrasonography, in particular, are considered to be reliable imageological methods for the accurate diagnosis of MGS and are superior to the traditional techniques.

In recent years, there is increasing evidence that the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) may involve the more generation of reactive oxygen species, and investigations on patients have shown that PD is under a status of oxidative stress. The defense against the toxic effects of reactive oxygen species is an essential task within the brain. An important component of the cellular detoxification of reactive oxygen species is the antioxidant glutathione. Consequently, it seems reasonable to propose that increase of brain concentrations of glutathione including glutathione analogs or precursors could be very effective in diminishing the cumulative effects of oxidative damage, and have been investigated as potential therapeutic targets in the treatment and prevention of PD or other neurodegenerative disease.

The two hybridoma cell lines secreting antikeratin monoclonal antibodies (McAb)were obtained from fusion between NS_1 myelema cells and spleen cells of BALB/cmice immunized with keratin prepared from human callus.The two cell lines(AF_2and AF_5)have a chromosome number of 97 and 96 respectively.By immunodiffusion,both AF_2 and AF_5 McAb belong to mouse IgG_1 subclass.They have been successivelypassaged for over six months in vitro,and can grow well in the peritoneal fluid ofBALB/c mice,both produce high titer of specific antibodies. To determine their specificity with keratin of epithelia,AF_2 and AF_2 McAbwere used to stain various human normal and neoplastic tissue sections by the ABC(Avidin-Biotin peroxidase complex)immunohistochemical techniques.The results showthat AF_2 and AF_5 McAb can stain a series of normal epithelial tissues(in epidermis,positive for cells above the basal layer)and epithelial tumor tissues.No staining wereobserved in nonepithelial normal and tumor tissues.These results suggest that the twoMcAb are quite specific for a definite number of cytokeratins and promise to be use-ful in the differential diagnosis of tumors.

Growth arrest special 5 (GAS5) is a common long non-coding RNA (lncRNA).Recent studies find that lncRNA GAS5 is down-regulated in various tumors,such as breast cancer,cervical cancer,lung cancer,gastrointestinal cancers and urologic cancers.GAS5 is closely related to the development,metastasis and prognosis of cancers,which becomes a new hotspot in cancer research.

Objective To investigate the pulmonary imaging findings and the clinical characteristics of ANCA-associated vasculitis.Methods 16 patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis confirmed by pathology in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively,all patients underwent 1 6-sclice high resolution chest CT scans.The clinical manifestations and lung CT findings of the patients were analyzed.Results The mean age of 1 6 patients (7 male and 9 female)was 62.7 (ranged from 56 to 83).The onset time of the disease was ranged for 1 weeks to 2 years,and it was characterized as multiple organs involvement accompanied by kidney damage with different degrees.The clinical respiratory symptoms inluded fever and cough.The lung HRCT features of ANCA-associated vasculitis were as follows:patchy shadow in 14 cases (87.5%),streak one in 12 (75%),nodular one in 3 (18.8%),cavities in 4 (25%),emphysema and pulmonary bullae in 6 (37.5%),tree-in-bud in 6 (37.5%),pleural effusion in 4 (25%),mediastinal lymph nodes enlargement in 3 (18.8%), pleural thickening in 6 (37.5%),cellular-like in 5 (31.3%),bronchiectasis in 6 (37.5%),round-glass opacity in 10 (62.5%)and reticulate changes in 8 (50%).Some patients were treated by the glucocorticoid (a hormone steroid)or by it in combination with immunosuppressant, and the clinical symptoms were improved and some lesions on X-ray images were significantly reduced or disappeared.Conclusion ANCA-associated vasculitis usually occurs in the majority of middle or old age without gender difference.Multiple organs are easily involved and the lesions in lung may be misdiagnosed as infection.Early CT diagnosis and timely treatment may improve the prognosis.

Advanced hospitals and high-level hospitals are different from grass-root hospitals,since they not only treat difficult diseases but also have the obligation of scientific studies and teaching.Grass-root hospitals mainly focus on treating common diseases,and only conduct a small amount of teaching,thus resulting in the difference between grass-root hospitals and large-scale hospitals in the aspect of purchasing medical equipment.Because the money for grass-root hospitals may only be used as designated and some even comes from loan or collecting,we have to pinch pennies and make the best use of everything so as to recover the cost rapidly and bring the equipment into full play.

There nearly have 1 year for the medical postgraduate exempted from admission examination to enjoy the postgraduate life,meanwhile to finish the clinicalpractice task as a medical undergraduate.For students,supervisors and the university,analysis of opportunities and difficulties faced by the medical postgraduate exempted from admission examination in this stage can be made,feasible training plan can be developed,in advance to allow students to avoid the psychological confusion,change the way of learning,lay the foundation for scientific research and improve their clinical skills.These measures will contribute to improve the quality of the medical postgraduate exempted fmm admission examination and the education quality.