Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics and drug resistance change of acinetobacter baumannii in prima‐ry hospital during 2005-2014 to provide reference for clinical rational drug use .Methods The infection characteristics of acineto‐bacter baumannii in primary hospital during 10 years and its resistance to 10 kinds of common antibacterial drugs was analyzed .Re‐sults A total of 576 strains of acinetobacter baumannii were isolated during 2005-2014 ,accounting for 31 .44% of all Gram nega‐tive bacteria ,which was significantly higher than that of Escherichia coli ,pseudomonas aeruginosa and klebsiella pneumonia bacillus (P<0 .05);446 strains were mainly originated from the sputum specimens (77 .43% ) and 290 strains(50 .35% ) from ICU ;the re‐sistant rate was 44 .44% for CSL ,62 .24% for MIN and more than 70 .00% for 8 kinds of antibacterial drugs of IPM ,MEM ,etc .;which to IPM ,CAZ ,SXT showed the declining trend year by year ,while which to MEM ,AMK ,LEV ,MIN showed the rising trend year by year .Conclusion The isolated acinetobacter baumannii strains in primary hospital are rised year by year ,and generally have resistance to commonly used antibacterial drugs ,the clinical doctors should rationally select antibacterial drugs according to the drug susceptibility test results for preventing the occurrence of acinetobacter baumannii infection .

Objective To observe the changes of high mobility group box 1(HMGB1) and nuclear factorκB(NF‐κB) expres‐sion in the hippocampus of rats after cardiopulmonary resuscitation so as to unravel the role of HMGB 1 and NF‐κB in neuroin flam‐mation .Methods Totally 40 Sprague‐Dawley rats were randomly divided into shame‐operated group and recover group [including 2 ,6 ,12 ,24 and 48 h of 5sub‐groups after restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC)] .The animals were sacrificed and hippo‐campus were removed at the indicated time .Pathological changes were observed at each time point .The expression of HMGB1 and NF‐κB were determined using RT‐PCR and Western blot respectively .Results There were no histopathological in the hippocampus of rats in shame‐operated group ,brain tissue appeared change of ischemia pathology in recover group ,it was the most severest at ROSC 24 h and still obviously at ROSC 48 h time point .HMGB1 mRNA and NF‐κB mRNA expression in the hippocampus of rats of recover group increased obviously along with the prolongation of time following ROSC and reached its peak at ROSC 24 h(P<0 . 01) ,much higher than that of shame‐operated group ;the HMGB1 level in the hippocampus of rats after recover significantly de‐clined at 2 h after ROSC and increased obviously at 6 ,12 h and reached peak 24 h later ,then decreased 48 h later(P<0 .01) ,there was positive correlation between the expression of HMGB1 and NF‐κB protein .Conclusion HMGB1/NF‐κB signaling pathway may play an important role in the early stages of brain injury after cardiopulmonary resuscitation .Targeted therapies of this path way would be possible to open a new avenue for preventing neuroinflammation after recover .

Objective_To investigate the role of HMGB1 involved in the activation of P38MAPK signal pathway in the hippocampus of rats after cardiopulmonary resuscitation.Methods_Rats were randomly divided into two groups as shame-operated group, CPR group including 2, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h after restoration of spontaneous circulation ( ROSC) (5sub-groups) .The animals were sacrificed and hippocampus were removed at the indicated time.Patholog-ical changes were examined at each time point.Calculated the brain water content by day/wet ration.The HMGB1 mRNA expression was detected by RT-PCR technique.The expressions of HMGB1 and P38MAPK activity were deter-mined using Western blot.Results_There were no histopathological change in the hippocampus of rats in shame-op-erated group, brain tissue appeared change of ischemia pathology in CPR group, it was the most severest at ROSC 24 h.The brain water content, HMGB1 mRNA in rats of CPR group increased obviously along with the prolongation of time following ROSC and reached its peak at ROSC 24 h(P<0.01),much higher than that of shame-operated group, the HMGB1 level in the hippocampus of rats after CPR significantly declined at 2 h after ROSC(P<0.01)and increased obviously at 6, 12 h and reached peak 24 h later(P<0.01), the P38MAPK activity in the hippo-campus of rats after CPR, significantly increased at 2 h after ROSC and reached peak 6 h later(P<0.01), then declined slowly later, much higher than that of shame-operated group.Conclusions_HMGB1 involved in the acti-vation of P38 MAPK signal pathway may play an important role in the early stages of brain injury after CPR.

Objective To evaluate the predictive effect of preoperative pressure-flow studies on the outcome of transurethral prostatectomy.Methods Sixty-three patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) were evaluated by using pressure-flow studies,international prostate symptom score,uroflowmetry,and residual urine volume before and 3 months after surgery.The patients were divided into 3 groups(obstruction equivocal and unobstruction) according to the grade of pressure-flow.The outcome of transurethral prostatectomy were analyzed in each group with detrusor contractility(weak or normal).Results Treatment outcome could be predicted by using the grade of benign prostatic obstruction and detrusor contractility.The sensitivity of which was 73.5%,with a specificity of 88.5% and positive predictive value of 96.2%.Conclusions Urodynamic studies provide great predictive value of option in transurethral prostatectomy.

Objective To compare the tracing effects of radionuclide and barium sulfate on lactulose hydrogen breath test (LHBT), and to explore the value of LHBT combined with radionuclide imaging in the diagnosis of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).Methods From November 2010 to November 2012, 89 patients (47 males, 42 females;mean age (45.7±12.9) years) with IBS and 13 healthy volunteers (9 males, 4 females;mean age (43.3±8.6) years) were enrolled in this prospective study.All the subjects underwent LHBT combined with radionuclide imaging.Recording the time when the increment of H2 value >0.005‰ and the OCTT of the radionuclide.Four healthy volunteers also underwent LHBT combined with barium sulfate 1 week after radionuclide imaging.The location of barium sulfate was recorded when H2 value increment >0.020‰.Patients with SIBO received rifaximin treatment, and the effect was observed.χ2 test, Pearson correlation analysis and Wilcoxon rank sum test were used to analyze the data.Results (1)In LHBT combined with barium sulfate test, barium sulfate was found still stagnating in small intestine by abdominal X-ray when H2 value increment >0.020‰ in 4 healthy volunteers, and barium sulfate didn′t reach the colon in delayed imaging in 1 patient.(2) The rates of SIBO detected by LHBT in IBS patients and healthy volunteers were significantly different (43.8%(39/89) vs 5/13;χ2=0.133, P=0.716), and those detected by LHBT combined with radionuclide imaging were also significantly different (39.3%(35/89) vs 1/13;χ2=4.970, P=0.026).(3)The time of H2 value increased >0.005‰ correlated well with OCTT in 13 healthy volunteers ((73±31) and (50±19) min;r=0.871, P<0.001) and 54 IBS patients without SIBO ((83±34) and (66±28) min;r=0.735, P<0.001), but there was no correlation in 35 IBS patients with SIBO ((36±30) and (75±30) min;r=0.304, P=0.076).(4)A total of 34 SIBO-positive patients received a rifaximin treatment, with a significant improvement in the frequency of abdominal pain and abdominal distension after the treatment according to Rome Ⅲ diagnostic criteria: 5(4, 6) vs 4(3, 5), 4(1, 6) vs 0(0, 4)(z values:-4.842 and-5.388, both P<0.001).Conclusion LHBT alone is not a valid test for SIBO, and LHBT combined with radionuclide imaging is a good candidate for SIBO diagnosis.

OBJECTIVE: To analysis the acoustic characteristics in patients with unilateral arytenoid dislocation and unilateral vocal fold paralysis, and evaluate the application value of acoustic analysis technique in these two diseases. METHOD: The voice signals of sustained vowel /a/ were measured using the software MDVP in 50 healthy adults and 67 patients with unilateral vocal cord movement disorders. The acoustic parameters (jitter, shimmer, NHR and F₀) were analyzed. All patients were divided into arytenoid dislocation group (36 cases) and vocal fold paralysis group (31 cases) through the laryngeal electromyography. All groups were divided into male and female group again. The acoustic characteristics between the two experimental groups and normal control groups were observed and compared. Results were analyzed using Rank sum test. RESULT: (1) In both male or female groups, there were significant differences in jitter and shimmer between two experimental group and control group. In both male or female groups, there were significant differences in NHR between arytenoid dislocation group and control group. There were no significant differences in NHR between vocal fold paralysis group and control group. Except for the male vocal fold paralysis group, there were significant differences in F between the other experimental groups and control groups. (2) In both male or female groups, there were no significant differences in jitter and shimmer between vocal fold paralysis group and arytenoid dislocation group. There were significant differences in NHR. CONCLUSION The acoustic parameters are effective parameters to measure the voice quality of patients with unilateral arytenoid dislocation and unilateral vocal fold paralysis. NHR is the most sensitive parameter in the distinction of vocal cord paralysis and arytenoid dislocation.
Acoustics ; Adult ; Arytenoid Cartilage ; physiopathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Electromyography ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Software ; Vocal Cord Paralysis ; diagnosis ; Vocal Cords ; physiopathology ; Voice Quality

Objective To investigate the actuality and risk factors of mild cognitive impairment among the elderly in Xi'an. Methods The elderly from 10 urban communities in Xi'an were selected using random cluster sample method. Mini-Mental Status Examination and cognitive function questionnaire self-designed were assessed. Results and Conclusion There were 396 (25.02%) elder people with cognitive impairment in 1583 cases. The morbidity of mild cognitive impairment was inverse to the educational level, and was related to age, gender, job category, marriage and social support (P<0.05).

Objective This paper was to study the absorption and metabolism differences of intestine and liver for multicomponent licorice.Methods The components were identified with the UPLC-MS/MS. In situ closed-loop method was used to carry out the comparative experiments of absorption and metabolism differences between intestine and liver.Results 13 components were identified by UPLC-MS/MS. The absorption and metabolism results indicated some components in licorice water extract could be absorbed into blood and metabolism happened during this process. 14 metabolites were detected in the plasma sample. The hepatic metabolism results indicated many components could experience complex metabolism and more metabolites could be generated.Conclusions Liver was the major metabolism organ for licorice water extract and some components could be metabolized along with the absorption process in intestine. The absorption and metabolism differences between intestine and liver were significant.

Objective To explore the feasibility of high-pitch CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA)with low dose contrast medium optimization in dual-source CT.Methods Eighty patients with high risk of pulmonary embolism who underwent CTPA on a dual-source CT were divided into two groups randomly:Group A,40 patients,50 mL contrast medium per patient,with conventional bolus tracing scanning;Group B,40 patients,contrast medium=body weight×0.3 mL/kg,with test bolus of small dose contrast agent. Pulmonary artery CT value,the differences of CT values in the paired PA and PV,SNR,CNR,radiation dose of two Groups were compared by two sample t-test.The positive rate of pulmonary embolism and the subjective indexes for assessing CT image quality were compared byχ2 test.Results There were no difference of the positive rate of PE between two Groups (P =0.655),and no sta-tistical difference for image quality scores between two Groups(P =0.1 74).The MPA CT value and the differences of CT values in the paired PA and PV in L-SⅢ of Group B were higher than those in Group A (P =0.001).However,no significant differences in CNR and SNR in MPA were observed between the two Groups(P =0.250,0.203,respectively).The ED of Group B was lower than that of Group A (P =0.001).Conclusion High-pitch CTPA in dual-source CT with lower dose contrast medium optimization can minimize the amount of contrast agent while meeting the clinical requirements.

Objective To assess effects of stress dynamic CT myocardial perfusion imaging (CT-MPI) combined with coronary CT angiography (CCTA) on the diagnosis of myocardial perfusion defects in coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods Patients with CAD diagnosed by CCTA underwent ATP stress CT-MPI examination. Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT-MPI) was performed within one week and set as the reference standard. CT-MPI results were qualitatively analyzed, and myocardial blood flow (MBF), myocardial blood volume (MBV) as well as time to peak (TTP) were quantified according to CT-MPI. Effects of CCTA, CT-MPI, and CT-MPI combined with CCTA on predicting myocardial perfusion defects were assessed in comparison with NMPI. Results Thirty patients [(54.8±8.4)years] were enrolled in our study, 20 were men (68%). MBF [(79.3±18.0) versus (135.1± 35.2) ml·100 ml-1·min-1] and MBV [(8.9±2.9) versus (13.8±8.9) ml/100 ml] were significantly decreased in hypoperfused segments compared with normal segments, while TTP was increased in hypoperfused segments [(13.9 ± 2.5)s] compared with normal segments [(9.1 ± 2.1)s] (t=0.302, 0.866 and 0.024 respectively, all P values<0.01). The sensitivity, specificity of CT-MPI for identifying segments with perfusion defects were 91.3%(147/161), 84.6%(281/332), respectively. On a per-vessel basis, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for predicting myocardial perfusion defects were 0.635(95%CI:0.517—0.753) for CCTA, 0.709(95%CI:0.599—0.819)for CT-MPI, and 0.837(95%CI:0.749—0.925)for CT-MPI combined with CCTA, respectively. Conclusions The performance of stress dynamic CT-MPI in the diagnosis of myocardial perfusion defects in CAD was good. One-stop examination of CT-MPI combined with CCTA improves the diagnostic accuracy for identifying flow-obstructing stenosis.