BACKGROUND: To monitor the performance of histocompatibility testing laboratories, HLA proficiency survey in Korea has been conducted biannually since 1996. In this report, we summarized the results of the surveys performed in recent two years (2005-2006). METHODS: A total of four proficiency surveys were performed, in which 59-61 laboratories participated. Each survey included three tests for HLA class I (serology and DNA) and class II (DNA) typing and six tests for HLA crossmatch. RESULTS: The overall concordance of serologic typing was 98.9% (355/359) for HLA-A, 97.5% (350/ 359) for HLA-B, and 94.7% (337/356) for HLA-C. The antigens assigned correctly by less than 95% of the participating laboratories were A26 (93.8%), B38 (94.2%), Cw3/Cw10 (90.9%), Cw6 (94.4%), and Cw8 (74.3%). The overall concordance rates of DNA typing were 99.6% (533/535) for HLA-A, 99.8% (539/540) for HLA-B, and 100% (392/392) for HLA-C. Correct assignment of HLA-DRB1 and -DQB1 was reported by 99.2% (98.1-100%) and 96.7% (88.9-100%) for the generic level and 100% and 95.8% (75-100%) for the allelic level, respectively. On the average 3.8% (0-7.7%) of the total laboratories showed unacceptable results in the crossmatch tests. CONCLUSIONS: The rates of correct antigen identification and of unacceptable crossmatch were similar to those of previous surveys, which were considered satisfactory. The Korean proficiency survey program may have contributed to a high quality of HLA tests today and should be continued for further improvements of the tests tomorrow.
Alleles ; Data Collection ; HLA Antigens/*blood/genetics ; HLA-A Antigens/blood/genetics ; HLA-B Antigens/blood/genetics ; HLA-C Antigens/blood/genetics ; HLA-DQ Antigens/blood/genetics ; HLA-DR Antigens/blood/genetics ; Haplotypes ; Histocompatibility Testing/*standards ; Humans ; Korea ; Laboratories ; Quality Control

This study was aimed to investigate the corelation between the HLA (human leukocyte antigen) genes and susceptibility of leukeamia. 605 patients with leukeamia including 189 ALL, 184 AML and 232 CML were selected for this investigation. 900 normal umbilical cord blood samples from umbilical cord blood bank were used as control population compared to the leukemia patients. HLA-A, B, C typing was done by polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers (SSP-PCR). The results showed that frequencies of HLA-A*26, A*68, B*56 in ALL patients were higher (4.46%, 2.65%, 1.17%), as compared with controls (2.31%, 0.95%, 0.22%), HLA-CW*06 in ALL patients was lower (3.64%), as compared with control (11.65%). In AML patients HLA-A*01 (9.41%), B*37 (3.60%) was higher and A*33 (3.60%), B*51 (4.73%) were lower than those in controls (3.57%, 1.75% and 7.64%, 7.93%). HLA-A*32, B*27, B*44, B*54, B*55 (2.18%, 3.96%, 5.06%, 4.63%, 2.84%) in CML patients were higher than those in control (0.84%, 2.04%, 3.07%, 2.44%, 1.29%). These results suggested that positive association may exist between certain HLA-class I genes and leukemias. These preliminary data may be useful for further study on the mechanisms of leukemia pathogenesis.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Alleles ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; HLA-A Antigens ; genetics ; HLA-B Antigens ; genetics ; HLA-C Antigens ; genetics ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I ; blood ; genetics ; Humans ; Leukemia ; blood ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Genetic

OBJECTIVETo investigate the frequency of HLA-Cw and its KIR2D genotypes in Han blood donor population in Chinese Nanjing area and to analyze the match and distinguish modes of them so as to provide the basis for further studying their roles in incidence and development of disease.

METHODSThe PCR-SSP was used to genotyping of HLA-Cw and KIR2D for 241 Han blood donors in Jiangsu Provincial blood center; according to distingush modes of HLA-Cw and KIR2D genes, the distingushed results of HLA-Cw and corresponding activating or inhibitory KIR2D receptors of individuals were analyzed.

RESULTSThe frequency of HLA-C1 expression in donor population of Nanjing area was 76.35% which was much higher than that of HLA-C2 expression (23.65%); the expression C1/C2 alleles was accorded with Handy-weinberg balance. The expression frequencies of 5 KIR2Ds (L1, L2, L3, S1 and S2) matched to HLA-Cw were 97.93%, 29.05%, 98.34%, 29.05% and 21.16%, respectively. The match of HLA-C1/C2 to 2DL1⁺/2DL2⁻/2DL3⁺/2DS1⁻/2DS2⁻ was predominated (75/241). Couclusion: The polymorphism data of HLA-Cw and 5 KIR2Ds from blood donors in Chinese Nanjing area has been provided in this study. The match analysis found that the expression of inhibitory HLA-Cw-KIR is higher than that of activated HLA-Cw-KIR, suggesting that the HLA-Cw/KIR2D combination is characterized by preponderance of inhibitory signal pathway.

Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Blood Donors ; China ; Ethnic Groups ; genetics ; Genotype ; HLA-C Antigens ; genetics ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Receptors, KIR ; genetics