Association of HLA antigens with certain diseases provide insights into genetically determined susceptibility to disease. Although nephrotic syndrome is one of the commonest diseases, it is poorly understood. A group of 57 patients suffering from a minimal lesion nephrotic syndrome (33 patients) and mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis (24 patients) was studied for immunologic markers. The incidence of HLA-A w 24 is significantly greater in the minimal lesion nephrotic syndrome patients than in controls (18.7% in patients, 0% in controls, p < 0.01). This report fails to show a high incidence of specific HLA antigen in mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis patients. We believe that the high incidence of HLA-Aw 24 in minimal lesion nephrotic syndrome is indicative of a congenital predisposition to nephrotic syndrome.
Glomerulonephritis/immunology ; HLA Antigens/analysis* ; Human ; Nephrosis, Lipoid/immunology*

HLA Antigens ; immunology ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; immunology

BACKGROUND: Introduction of the Luminex panel reactive antibody (PRA)-single antigen (SA) assay has increased the detection rates of unacceptable antigens in sensitized patients; the calculated PRA (CPRA) level represents the percentage of actual organ donors that express 1 or more of these unacceptable antigens. We developed a CPRA calculator based on the HLA frequencies in Koreans to measure sensitization levels in Korean patients. METHODS: To develop the calculator, we obtained the HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-DR phenotypes of 1,622 Koreans, and compared these with previously reported frequencies in Koreans. Sera from patients awaiting kidney transplantation were tested for HLA antibodies by Luminex PRA-screen, PRA-identification (ID), and PRA-SA assays. The measured %PRA from the PRA-screen (N=55) and PRA-ID (N=71) were compared to the %CPRA for the unacceptable antigens obtained from PRA-SA. RESULTS: Phenotype frequencies used for the CPRA calculator agreed with previously reported data. The concordance rates among the 3 PRA methods for the detection of class I and class II antibodies were 76.1-81.8% (kappa, 0.519-0.636) and 72.7-83.6% (0.463-0.650), respectively. For the detection of broadly sensitized sera (>50% or >80%), the concordance rates were over 80%. In sera with 80-100% CPRA, 91.7% and 94.4% of the samples had concordant results (80-100% PRA) in the PRA-screen and PRA-ID assay, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Although further clinical studies are required to confirm the benefits of CPRA values, adoption of CPRA analysis based on HLA frequencies in Koreans may be useful for sensitization measurements and organ-allocation algorithms.
*Algorithms ; HLA Antigens/immunology ; HLA-B Antigens/immunology ; HLA-DR Antigens/immunology ; *Histocompatibility Testing ; Humans ; Isoantibodies/*blood/immunology ; Phenotype ; Republic of Korea

To establish delta block HLA-matching technique, DNA was extracted from whole blood by salting-out method, delta block was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and PCR product was detected by GeneScan. The results showed that delta block had polymorphism in 104 samples without sibship of the Han people from Zhejiang province. The range of DNA fragment length was 81-393 bp and could be divided into 4 groups: 81-118 bp, 140-175 bp, 217-301 bp, 340-393 bp. The numbers of DNA fragments were 6-32. It is concluded that the method of delta block matching is reliable and can be applied to select donors for the patients to be transplanted. It is the first time to get delta block data of the Han people in China.
HLA-A Antigens ; genetics ; immunology ; HLA-B Antigens ; genetics ; immunology ; HLA-DQ Antigens ; genetics ; immunology ; HLA-DR Antigens ; genetics ; immunology ; HLA-DRB1 Chains ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Histocompatibility Testing ; methods ; Humans

This study was aimed to analyze the possibility of high resolution matching for human leukocyte antigen (HLA) loci in unrelated donor-recipient pair with low resolution match in HLA-A, -B, -DRB1 loci. Samples were genotyped for HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1 and -DQB1 by polymerase chain reaction sequence based typing (PCR-SBT). The results showed that the total number of patients and the donors were 166 and 274. 97 (58.43%) patients were matched for 1 donor and 47 (28.31%) patients were matched for 2 donors at low resolution level; among 274 donor-recipient pairs, HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1 and -DQB1 loci matching for 6/10, 7/10, 8/10, 9/10 and 10/10 were 32 (11.68%), 54 (19.71%), 62 (22.63%), 49 (17.88%) and 48 (17.52%) respectively; there were mismatch in HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1 and -DQB1 loci, and the most mismatch was in HLA-C locus. The number of alleles of HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1 and -DQB1 loci were 23, 46, 21, 30 and 17 respectively in the donors. The alleles number HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1 and -DQB1 loci were 20, 40, 22, 29 and 16 respectively in the patients; the haplotype number of HLA loci were 311 in the donors and 224 in the patients. The high frequency of haplotype was A*02:07-B*46:01-C*01:02-DRB1*09:01:02-DQB1*03:03 (5.63% and 6.88%). It is concluded that the probability of high resolution mismatch of HLA loci is high in unrelated donor-recipient pairs with low resolution match in HLA-A, -B, -DRB1 loci.
Alleles ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; HLA Antigens ; genetics ; immunology ; HLA-A Antigens ; genetics ; immunology ; HLA-B Antigens ; genetics ; immunology ; HLA-C Antigens ; genetics ; immunology ; HLA-DQ Antigens ; genetics ; immunology ; HLA-DQ beta-Chains ; HLA-DR Antigens ; genetics ; immunology ; HLA-DRB1 Chains ; Haplotypes ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Histocompatibility Testing ; methods ; Humans ; Probability ; Tissue Donors

Human lymphocyte antigen (HLA) is the most complicated human dominant polymorphic genetic system. Accurate HLA genotyping is clinically important for hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation, also important for research on many human diseases. Polymerase chain reaction-sequence based typing (PCR-SBT) provides the highest resolution level and defines new alleles, so it is widely used for HLA typing. One great disadvantage of PCR-SBT method is the fact that it cannot resolve sequences of heterozygous samples in diploid genomes, leading to ambiguous typing results which make much trouble to the accurate definition of HLA genotype. This article reviewed the occurring reasons and solution method of ambiguous allele combinations in the HLA high resolution genotyping as well as the research prospect in this field.
Genotype ; HLA Antigens ; genetics ; immunology ; Histocompatibility Testing ; Humans

To investigate the genetic factors in Koreans with leprosy, 157 unrelated leprosy patients have been typed for HLA antigens, and compared with 162 healthy controls. The patient group consisted of 124 with lepromatous leprosy and 33 with tuberculoid leprosy. HLA-A11 was found to be increased in lepromatous leprosy (p=0.0005). HLA-Aw33 was found to be increased in both lepromatous leprosy (p = 0.0002) and tuberculoid leprosy (p = 0.005). HLA-Cw5 was found to be decreased in lepromatous leprosy (p = 0.009). Frequencied of HLA-B antigens did not differ significantly between the leprosy patients and the healthy controls.
HLA Antigens/analysis* ; Human ; Korea ; Leprosy/genetics ; Leprosy/immunology* ; Phenotype

Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte ; immunology ; HLA Antigens ; immunology ; Hepatitis B virus ; immunology ; Humans ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; immunology

In order to evaluate the expression of HLA-DR antigen in glandular cells in eutopic and ectopic endometrium in patients with endometriosis, 19 infertile patients with endometriosis were analyzed immunohistochemically by labelled streptavidin biotin (LSAB) method. Nineteen infertile patients without endometriosis were studied as controls. The results showed that the expression of HLA-DR antigen in the glandular cells in both eutopic and ectopic endometrium was increased significantly as compared with that in the controls (P < 0.01). It is likely that aberrant expression of HLA-DR antigen in endometriotic tissue is involved in abnormal immunogenesis of endometriosis.
Endometriosis/complications ; Endometriosis/*immunology ; Endometrium/*immunology ; HLA-DR Antigens/*immunology ; Immunohistochemistry ; Infertility/complications ; Infertility/*immunology ; Pelvis

Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) typing of large groups of patients with various autoimmune diseases has demonstrated that some HLA alleles occur at higher frequencies in specific diseases than in the general population. Chronic urticaria has been shown to have an autoimmune basis by a previous study which found an association between chronic urticaria and specific HLA groups. We investigated the HLA subtypes of Turkish chronic urticaria patients. For this purpose 42 Turkish patients with chronic urticaria and 115 healthy controls were typed for HLA-DR and DQ by PCR-SSP (Polymerase Chain Reaction Sequence Specific Primers) low resolution DNA technique. We found an increased frequency of DR4 (42.9%, p=0.01) in chronic urticaria patients in comparison with that in healthy controls. This study supports the hypothesis that HLA alleles may be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic urticaria and that they appear to be directly involved in the initiation of the immune response.
Chronic Disease ; HLA-DQ Antigens/genetics ; HLA-DR Antigens/genetics ; HLA-DR4 Antigen/genetics ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/*genetics ; *Histocompatibility Testing ; Human ; Urticaria/*genetics/*immunology