PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe the intervention model development of health promotion for women workers working in the traditional marketplace, using community capacity building framework. METHODS: Need assessment of the target population, work-related environment investigation, social network group building, and setting health management in the marketplace were performed. Then the interventions including cardiovascular health, musculoskeletal health, and psychological health were conducted. The results were evaluated using NCEP-ATP III(National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III), OWAS, and CES-D. RESULTS: It was found that the intervention program for the vulnerable group in marketplace was appropriate, promoting the improvement of metabolic syndrome and the reduction of pain complaints. Therefore, the intervention framework for health promotion of women workers in the marketplace was developed. Work-related environment assessment also was included in the framework development. Several community capacity building strategies, including developing community resources and promoting partnership, making small social network group, and promoting program participation. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that occupational health nurses and professionals consider the appropriateness of intervention framework development after identifying the needs of women workers' work-related environmental problems.
Adult ; Capacity Building ; Cholesterol ; Community-Based Participatory Research ; Education ; Female ; Health Promotion* ; Health Services Needs and Demand ; Health Services Research* ; Humans ; Occupational Health

China ; Health Services Needs and Demand ; Humans ; Research

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to suggest agenda priorities for nursing service R&D (Research and Development) related policies development. METHODS: Two steps in developing the agendas and priorities were performed in this descriptive study. First, nursing service R&D agendas were extracted through needs assessment of nursing researchers and practitioners. Then, the priority of agendas was set by Analytic Hierarchy Process by ten experts who were representatives of nursing and other healthcare professionals. RESULTS: Six core areas and forty-six nursing service R&D agendas were developed. The priority of agendas was different according to the evaluation criteria depending on weight value of nursing services. CONCLUSION: In order to select and promote nursing service R&D projects within national healthcare policy, nursing service R&D policy should be proposed with consideration to the importance of the criteria in reflecting characteristics of nursing care. By strengthening R&D capabilities for quality improvement and sensitive awareness of national directions for healthcare R&D policies, nursing service R&D can be appropriately promoted.
Delivery of Health Care ; Needs Assessment ; Nursing ; Nursing Care ; Nursing Research ; Nursing Services* ; Quality Improvement

PURPOSE: This study examined the predictive factors enabling access to children's oral health care at the level of financial barriers, beliefs, and the provider. METHODS: In-depth interviews were conducted with 320 immigrant mothers of low-income families regarding their use of oral health services for children aged four to eight years old. Access to oral health care was measured with frequency of planned dental visits, continuity of care, and age at first visit to dentist. RESULTS: The mother took her child to the dentist at a younger age if she received referrals to a dentist from pediatrician. Regular dental visits were significantly related to household income, provider availability on weekends, and insurance coverage. The extended clinic hours in the evenings, and the belief in the importance of the child's regular dentist visits increased the likelihood of continuing care. The mothers perceiving a cost burden for the child's dental care were also less likely to return to the dentist. CONCLUSION: The available care delivery system, coordinated medical care, and health beliefs were among important predictors of the health service use. The study findings suggest need for culturally competent dental health interventions to enhance access to oral health care among particularly vulnerable populations such as low-income children in Korean communities.
Adult ; Attitude to Health/*ethnology ; Chicago ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Clinical Competence/standards ; Continuity of Patient Care/standards ; Cultural Diversity ; Dental Care for Children/economics/*utilization ; Emigration and Immigration ; Female ; Focus Groups ; Health Care Surveys ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Health Services Accessibility/standards ; Health Services Needs and Demand ; Hispanic Americans/education/*ethnology ; Humans ; Mexico/ethnology ; Mothers/education/*psychology ; Multivariate Analysis ; Nursing Methodology Research ; Poverty/economics/*ethnology ; Puerto Rico/ethnology ; Questionnaires

OBJECTIVES: This article reviews an evaluation vector model driven from a participatory action research leveraging a collective inquiry system named SMILE (Stanford Mobile Inquiry-based Learning Environment). METHODS: SMILE has been implemented in a diverse set of collective inquiry generation and analysis scenarios including community health care-specific professional development sessions and community-based participatory action research projects. In each scenario, participants are given opportunities to construct inquiries around physical and emotional health-related phenomena in their own community. RESULTS: Participants formulated inquiries as well as potential clinical treatments and hypothetical scenarios to address health concerns or clarify misunderstandings or misdiagnoses often found in their community practices. From medical universities to rural village health promotion organizations, all participatory inquiries and potential solutions can be collected and analyzed. The inquiry and solution sets represent an evaluation vector which helps educators better understand community health issues at a much deeper level. CONCLUSIONS: SMILE helps collect problems that are most important and central to their community health concerns. The evaluation vector, consisting participatory and collective inquiries and potential solutions, helps the researchers assess the participants' level of understanding on issues around health concerns and practices while helping the community adequately formulate follow-up action plans. The method used in SMILE requires much further enhancement with machine learning and advanced data visualization.
Community-Based Participatory Research ; Diagnostic Errors ; Follow-Up Studies ; Health Promotion ; Health Services Research* ; Learning* ; Machine Learning ; Methods ; Public Health ; Public Health Informatics ; Social Learning ; Telemedicine

OBJECTIVES: This study identifies the current status and problems of adverse event reporting system in Korean hospitals. The data obtained from this study will be used to raise international awareness and enable collaborative researches on patient safety. METHODS: We distributed the questionnaire developed by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), USA to the 265 risk managers of hospitals by e-mail. Seventy-two percent of the risk managers responded to the inquiry. RESULTS: Eighty-five percent of the hospitals responded that they collect information regarding the event where harm has occurred or might have occurred to a patient. Seventy-five percent of the hospitals did not allow individuals to report occurrences without identifying themselves. Only 54% of the hospitals had an organized patient safety program that manages or coordinates all of the hospital's patient safety activities. The most frequent reason why errors were not reported was the fear of individuals being involved in the investigation and potential disadvantage resulting from it. Eighty-five percent of the hospitals produced reports of their adverse event data, but 68% of the hospitals did not distribute occurrence reports within the hospital. CONCLUSIONS: Lack of standardized reporting system, available information, procedures for protecting the reporting individuals, and mindlessness/indifference of the hospital employees are identified as the major problems. Therefore, it is crucial to address these problems to develop appropriate solutions, enable proactive involvement from the healthcare community, and change the overall patient safety culture, specifically protecting privacy, to increase the quality of service in the healthcare industry.
Delivery of Health Care ; Electronic Mail ; Health Care Sector ; Health Services Research ; Humans ; Patient Safety ; Privacy ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVES: The topic of patient safety has recently gained attention across healthcare institutes. Building a broad awareness of patient safety issues among dental care personnel, thus establishing a sound patient safety culture, has beneficial prophylactic effects on the quality assurance of dental care services. This study examines the adequacy and validity of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) questionnaire developed by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) for application to Korean dental care institutes. METHODS: The HSOPSC, which is a self-administered questionnaire survey, was administered to dental care workers who participated in the 2011 Dental Care Quality Assurance Symposium. The reliability and construct validity of the questionnaire were tested using STATA 11.0; factor, reliability, and correlation analyses were performed. RESULTS: Awareness of patient safety was dealt with in 10 subareas comprising 38 items. The 10 subareas were included patient safety policy at the institute level, open communication, patient safety-related expectations and behaviors of managers, frequency of reporting on patient safety-related incidents, and teamwork within the department. Both the construct validity and internal consistency of each factor were confirmed to be adequate. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the adequacy test for the application of this questionnaire to dental care institutes revealed that most items had a certain level of validity and reliability. However, it is necessary to reflect upon the specificity of dental care services to assess patient safety culture within dental care institutes more accurately.
Academies and Institutes ; Delivery of Health Care ; Dental Care ; Dentistry* ; Health Services Research ; Humans ; Patient Safety* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; immunology ; Influenza Vaccines ; pharmacology ; Influenza, Human ; prevention & control ; Needs Assessment ; Preventive Health Services ; methods ; Research ; Singapore

OBJECTIVE: To develop a scientific and effective evaluation index system for equalization of basic public health services. METHODS: Through 2 rounds of expert evaluation, based on the relative importance of expert scoring on each index, index was screened according to the scores of mean and coefficient of variation and the weight were determined. RESULTS: The two rounds of consulting experts response rates were more than 90%, and the average authority coefficients were 0.779 and 0.781. The coordination coefficients were 0.229 and 0.349. The evaluation index system of basic public health services was composed of 3 first level, 17 second level and 47 third level indicators after 2 rounds of consultation. CONCLUSION The evaluation index system of basic public health services is reasonable, and it can be used to evaluate the equalization of basic public health services.
Health Services ; standards ; Health Services Research ; Public Health ; standards

Twenty-three research studies regarding nurses or nursing students intention to care for HIV disease patients were reviewed. Studies on this issue were sporadic and not systematic. A majority of the studies were limited to one institution at one point in time. Convenience sampling was prevalent. Only 5 studies used random sampling (Jemmott III et al., 1992; Kelly et al., 1988; Planter & Foster, 1993; Scherer et al., 1989; Van Servellen et al., 1988). Consequently the findings of most studies can not be generalized to the population at large. In addition, between 1985 and 1994, the emphasis on descriptive studies continued even though correlational and experimental studies were being conducted. The development of the body of knowledge on this issue is still in a primitive stage. Correlational or comparative studies reviewed rarely had a theoretical basis for the study questions. Only two studies were found that cited a theoretical basis (Laschinger & Goldenberg, 1993; Goldenberg & Laschinger, 1991). A variety of attitude instruments were developed by investigators and used in their own studies. The constructs of the instruments were quite varied. For example, some studies identified fear as the attitude to be measured, while others measured opinion or intention as the attitude. None of the studies reviewed reported content, construct or convergent validity of the instruments. Reliability data for most instruments used in the studies were either not reported or low. Such a lack of information limits the interpretation of the findings. Study findings were inconclusive. Some descriptive studies indicated that nurses or nursing students were willing to care for HIV disease patients, while others revealed they were not willing to do so. Three correlational studies examining the relationship between attitude and intention obtained inconsistent findings. Findings from one study (Jemmott et al., 1992) indicated a positive relationship, while others found no relationship between them (Cole & Slocumb, 1994; Jemmott et al., 1992). Descriptive studies identified that families or friends stigmatization were the important factors. Only two correlational studies on this issue were found, but study findings were inconsistent (Laschinger & Goldenberg, 1993; Glodenberg & Laschinger, 1991). Studies focusing on nursing students intentions or attitude were limited. Only 7 of the 23 research reviewed were conducted using nursing students (Lawrence & Lawrence, 1989; Lester & Beard, 1988; Mueller et al., 1992; Oerman & Gignac, 1991; Jemmott et al., 1992; Jemmott III et al., 1992; Wiely et al., 1988). This review leads to the conclusion that there is a need for study of this issue with nursing students as the target population. Studies with questions based upon a theoretical framework provide a basis for linking findings. In addition, reliable instruments and sophisticated statistical analysis are also needed when studying this topic.
Friends ; Health Personnel ; Health Services Needs and Demand ; HIV ; Humans ; Intention ; Patient Care* ; Research Personnel ; Stereotyping ; Students, Nursing