Abstract In recent years, the role of hyperopia reserve in the prevention and control of myopia among children and adolescents has gradually gained recognition and importance. Implementing more refined preventive measures based on hyperopia reserve to further advance the prevention frontiers is crucial for reversing the trend of focusing on treatment over prevention and achieving the national health strategy goal to reduce the myopia rate among children and adolescents. The paper introduces the concept of hyperopia reserve, the ability and the detection methods to predict the onset of myopia. At the same time, it also discusses the establishment and application of reference values for hyperopia reserve and proposes a classification based prevention and management strategy based on hyperopia reserve, aiming to provide reference ideas and directions for advancing myopia prevention.