The phamacological and anthelmintic action of Lysimachia clethroides were examined. Upon examining the action of water, ether, alcohol and acetone extrcts of the root on smooth muscle, it was found that the active principle was weakened by heating. Water and ether extracts inhibited the dehydrogenase of the worm. In 50 percent of 8 areas studied, Taenia were completely eliminated with 2.5-4.0 gm doses of the ether extracts, and no toxic effect was observed by the administration of the above-mentioned doses.
parasitology-chemotherapy ; Taenia sp. ; Lysimachia clethroides

OBJECTIVE: To evaluat the effects of a culture medium with glucose in the presence of glutamine on the development of mouse embryos. METHODS: Two-cell embryos recovered from ICR mice at 48 hrs after hCG injection (mated just after hCG injection) were cultured in DMEM (with 20% hFF) supplemented with or without glucose on the presence of glutamine. Embryos were cultured under three different glucose regimens: (1) 0 mM (control); (2) 0.5 mM (group I); or (3) 3.15 mM (group II), and were analyzed at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours intervals. Chi-square test (x2-test) was used to compare values of groups. RESULTS: No differences were found in the number of embryos showing morula (control: 37.5%; group I: 51.0%; group II: 48.4%), blastocyst (control: 21.5%; group I: 33.3%; group II: 34.4%) and blastocyst and hatching or hatched blastocyst (control: 81.9%; group I: 83.3%; group II: 82.8%) between groups at 24 hrs, 48 hrs or 72 hrs respectively. However at 96 hrs, the number of hatched and attached blastocyst was significantly higher in group I (82.3%) and II (78.5%) than control (63.2%; P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The addition of glucose (0.5 mM) to the DMEM, as energy source, improved the rate of development of late stage embryos in mice.
Animals ; Blastocyst ; Eagles* ; Embryonic Development* ; Embryonic Structures* ; Female ; Glucose* ; Glutamine* ; Mice* ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Morula ; Pregnancy

We reviewed 217 patients (270 cases) of thoracic and lumbar fractures and fracture-dislocations, who were treated at Hanyang University Hospital from January, 1977 to December, 1985. We classified spinal injuries according to three column theory and then analyzed the cause of injury, sex-age distribution, treatment and neurological injuries. The results were as follows: 1. The cases were classified into 4 different categories according to the three column theory; compression fractures (191 cases, 70.7%), burst fractures (54 cases, 20.0%), fracture-dislocations(22 cases, 8.2%), and seat belt type injuries (3 cases, 1.1%). And each of these 4 different categories was then subdivided into subtypes. 2. The most common cause of injury was fall from a height (45.2 %). 3. The neurological injuries were occurred in 21 patients (9.7%). The 16 patients with neural deficit in fracture-dislocation, 15 patients were flexion rotation type. The 5 patients with neural deficit in burst fracture, all were incomplete neural deficits. 4. The greatest advantage of Luque instrumentation was an early rehabilitation without external surport.
Classification ; Fractures, Compression ; Humans ; Paralysis ; Rehabilitation ; Seat Belts ; Spinal Injuries ; Spine

Hypoglycemia sometimes manifests as focal neurologic deficits simulating cerebrovascular disease. Symptoms are usually resolved by glucose infusion, but persistent hemiplegia is rarely reported. A 68-year-old diabetic woman on oral hypoglycemic agent(OHA) was admitted with right hemiplegia and global aphasia. Blood glucose level was 29 mg/dl on admission. No evidence of cerebral infarct or underlying brain disease could be found on initial brain CT and follow up MRI. Focal stenosis or occlusion was also absent on MR angiography. Hemiplegia and aphasia were not improved despite adequate therapy. Hypoglycemic hemiplegia should be suspected in all diabetic patients using insulin or OHA with stroke-like episode, and we suggest that prolonged hypoglycemia may be related to persistence of neurologic deficits.
Aged ; Angiography ; Aphasia ; Blood Glucose ; Brain ; Brain Diseases ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glucose ; Hemiplegia* ; Humans ; Hypoglycemia ; Insulin ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neurologic Manifestations

The rupture of ventricular septum complicating acute myocardial infarction requires prompt recognition for the correct management of the patient. The diagnosis of this condition had required right heart catheterization. We performed two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography in patients with systolic murmur after acute myocardioal infarction. Ventricular septal defect was found at lower interventricular septum by mapping technique of pulsed wave Doppler system and obtained high velocity Doppler tracting by continuous wave Doppler echocardiography. Doppler echocardiography could be useful noninvasive method for detection of ventricular septal rupture after acute myocardial infarction.
Cardiac Catheterization ; Cardiac Catheters ; Diagnosis ; Echocardiography, Doppler ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular* ; Humans ; Infarction ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Rupture ; Systolic Murmurs ; Ventricular Septal Rupture ; Ventricular Septum

A kidney containing more than 1000 cc fluid in its collecting system is generally defined hydronephrosis. A 23-years.old Korean soldier was diagnosed as having giant hydronephrosis (content: of 2000cc) associated with ureteropelvic stricture on urogram. It was improved with Foley-Y-Plasty.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis* ; Kidney* ; Military Personnel

OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to develop a Korean version of the Participatory Action Oriented Training (PAOT) program and training materials for improvement of agricultural working environments. METHODS: The PAOT manual and checklist were developed on the basis of the original English version of the training materials, a questionnaire survey of agricultural health and safety professionals, and a brainstorming conference. Good example pictures were collected through visits to agricultural workers' houses, and an easily understandable picture was drawn by an animation specialist. A PAOT action manual and five types of action checklists were developed for use in different agricultural environments. Each action checklist contained six categories and 38 items of agricultural health and safety principles; the six categories were material storage and handling, work stations and tools, machine safety, physical environment, working schedule and organization, and basic health and safety management. Incorporating these training materials, a one-day Korean PAOT program was developed. RESULTS: Among 307 candidate agricultural workers from four rural Korean villages, 94 workers (59 males, 35 females) participated in a PAOT from July 2007 to Oct 2008. The PAOT program was successful and the mean self-estimated satisfaction score of the participants was greater than 90%. CONCLUSIONS: A Korean PAOT program and training materials were successfully developed and applied to Korean agricultural workers. Although more studies are needed, it is expected that PAOT will greatly contribute to the improvement of agricultural working conditions and health and safety through the use of agricultural workers' self initiatives.
Appointments and Schedules ; Checklist ; Farmers ; Handling (Psychology) ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Safety Management ; Specialization ; Surveys and Questionnaires

The confirmatory diagnosis of Moyamoya disease has been obtained by invasive angiographic examination. We report the results of MRI and transcranial doppler sonography of three cases ol Moyamoya disease, which ws disgnosed by clinical and angiography. We think that the diagnosis of Moyamoya disease can be made by noninvasive MRI and transcranial doppler sonography without conventional invasive angiography.
Angiography ; Diagnosis ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Moyamoya Disease* ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial*

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Huntington disease(HD) is clinically diagnosed by the triad of autosomal dominant inheritance, involuntary movements mainly chorea and dementia. The phenotype of HD is variable and other diseases can have same phenocopy. Therefore gene diagnosis of HD becomes essential for confirmatory diagnosis. Recent discovery of an expanded CAG trinucleotide repeat at the telomeric position of chromosome 4p made the gene diagnosis possible even in sporadic cases. We examined the length of CAG repeat in Huntington gene locus by PCR method in clinically diagnosed HB patients to make a confirmatory diagnosis. METHODS: Three patients with chorea, dementia and family history were tested. All laboratory tests including MRI had been normal so far. Genomic DNA was extracted from their WBC, and PCR was done on Huntington gene locus using primers modified from HD Collaboratory Group. Agarose gel electrophoresis to examine the rough degree of expansion, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to determine repeat length, and sequencing of the expanded allele were done. As a second step, three choreic patients without family history, one patient with tardive dyskinesia and one whole HD family were tested. RESULTS: Three choreic patients with family history showed expansion of CAG repeats in the amplified site. Two sporadic choreic patients, and one asymptomatic member in a HD family had increased CAG repeats. CONCLUSION: We confirmed expansion of CAG repeats in Huntington gene locus in clinically diagnosed HD. None of the patients had caudate atrophy, which has been considered an early finding. Sporadic choreic patients could be diagnosed as HD by gene study. Presymptomatic case was found in a family screening, and will need to be followed. Gene analysis offers a critical tool to make a confirmatory diagnosis of HD, and will be a powerful tool in genetic counseling.
Alleles ; Atrophy ; Chorea ; Dementia ; Diagnosis ; DNA ; Dyskinesias ; Electrophoresis, Agar Gel ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Genetic Counseling ; Humans ; Huntington Disease* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mass Screening ; Movement Disorders ; Phenotype ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Trinucleotide Repeats ; Wills

The purpose of ileocystoplasty is to augment bladder capacity and the reconstructed bladder must not only be able to empty but also be able to contain urine in a physiologic manner. Low intravesical pressure with minimum reabsorption of electrolytes is desirable. In previous studies I have described a new reliable technique of ileocystoplasty with a satisfactory clinical application. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physiologic aspects concerning several different types of ileocystoplasty. METHODS AND RESULTS: Healthy 8 Korean dogs were utilized. The animals weighed from 15 to 20kg. The two layer open flap method of ileocystoplasty was performed in four dogs and the other four dogs received ring plastic type. Intravesical pressure was measured by a water manometer and all measurements were read directly from the manometer tube. In order to obtain standard controls cystometrograms were done in 3 normal dogs. The normal dog bladder was found to respond to increased intravesical fluid and the average bladder capacity was 130cc. The voiding pressure was 28cm in water. The average fluid capacity of the reconstructed bladder was 120cc in two layer open flap method and 150c. c. in ring plastic method. The cystometry 10 minutes after intermuscular injection of 1.0cc. of 1:2000 prostigmin solution disclosed a definite increase in vesical fluid pressure in ring plastic type whereas the two layer open flap type did not show any elevation. Administration of 0.4mg of atropine intramuscularly decreased intravesical pressure in ring plastic type but was not significant in two layer open flap type. Injection of 10cc. of 0.25% pentothal sodium intravenously caused decrease of fluid pressure in both types. Emptying activity of the reconstructed bladder was measured by x-ray retrograde cystogram methods. The opaque medium remained in the ileal loop for 24 hours after onset of voiding in ring plastic type but no opaque medium was seen in the two layer open flap type. Absorption of electrolytes from the bladder after the two layer open flap ileocystoplasty was not altered significantly. The postoperative electrolyte plasma values of potassium and sodium chlorides were within normal limits. Histologic examinations of the ileal bladder 2 months after the open flap ileocystoplasty disclosed varying degrees of non-specific inflammatory reactions. No metaplasia or loss of mucous glands was seen.
Absorption ; Animals ; Atropine ; Chlorides ; Dogs ; Electrolytes ; Metaplasia ; Neostigmine ; Plasma ; Plastics ; Potassium ; Sodium ; Thiopental ; Urinary Bladder* ; Water