1.Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in population older than 15 years of age in Beijing, 2013-2014.
C X WANG ; X G WU ; H J LIU ; S C GUAN ; C B HOU ; H H LI ; X GU ; Z Y ZHANG ; X H FANG
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 2018;39(2):179-183
<b>Objective:b> To investigate the rates on prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in population older than 15 years of age in Beijing, 2013-2014. <b>Methods:b> A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Beijing between 2013-2014. Stratified multistage random sampling method was used to select representative sample of 13 057 Chinese individuals aged over 15 years, from the general population. Blood pressure was measured for three readings at sitting position after resting for at least five minutes with an average reading recorded. A standardized structured questionnaire was developed to collect history of hypertension and antihypertensive treatment. <b>Results:b> A total of 4 663 community residents aged over 15 years were hypertensive among the 13 057 individuals, with the standardized prevalence rate as 32.7%, in Beijing area. The age-standardized prevalence rates of hypertension appeared 34.6% in men and 30.8% in women. The age-and sexstandardized prevalence of hypertension rates were 33.3% in urban and 24.6% in rural areas. The prevalence of hypertension increased with age and appeared higher in men than in women, in urban than in rural residents. Among the hypertensive patients, rates of awareness, treatment and control were 66.8%, 64.6% and 31.6%, respectively. <b>Conclusion:b> High prevalence of hypertension with low rates on awareness and treatment and control, appeared in the general population of Beijing. Related strategies should be developed regarding prevention, control and management of hypertension, to reduce the burden of this disease.
Adolescent
;
Adult
;
Age Distribution
;
Aged
;
Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use*
;
Asian People/statistics & numerical data*
;
Awareness
;
Blood Pressure
;
Blood Pressure Determination
;
China/epidemiology*
;
Cross-Sectional Studies
;
Female
;
Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
;
Humans
;
Hypertension/epidemiology*
;
Male
;
Middle Aged
;
Prevalence
;
Rural Population
;
Sex Distribution
;
Surveys and Questionnaires
;
Urban Population
;
Young Adult
2.Diabetic ketoacidosis at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus in Malaysian children and adolescents
Hong JYH ; Jalaludin MY ; Mohamad Adam B ; Fuziah MZ ; Wu LL ; Rasat R ; Fatimah H ; Premaa S ; Ponnudurai U ; Jamaiyah H.
Malaysian Family Physician 2015;10(3):11-18
Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a late presentation of newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes
mellitus (DM) in children. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical characteristics of type
1 DM at presentation so that appropriate actions can be taken to promote early diagnosis.
Methods: This was a retrospective cohort review from a patient registry database. Data on all
patients younger than 20 years old diagnosed with type 1 DM who had been registered with the
Malaysian Diabetes in Children and Adolescents Registry (DiCARE) from its inception in 2006
until 2009 were analysed.
Results: The study included 490 children and adolescents, out of which 57.1% were female. The
mean (SD) age at diagnosis was 7.5 (3.7) years, which increased from year 2000 to 2009 [6.6 (3.3)
years to 9.6 (3.5) years; p = 0.001]. An increasing percentage of DKA at diagnosis was observed from
year 2000 (54.5%) to year 2009 (66.7%), which remained high and leveled between 54.5% and
75.0%. DKA was more common in patients with normal weight (p = 0.002) with no significant
association with age, gender, ethnicity and status of family history of diabetes mellitus.
Conclusion: An increasing trend of age at diagnosis of patients with type 1 DM was observed.
Besides that, proportion of DKA at diagnosis had remained high over the past decade. This study
found that normal weight was associated with status of DKA, thus more detailed investigations are
required to determine the risk factors for DKA.
3.Secondary stability of cemented and non-cemented acetabular implants ex-vivo under dynamic load.
Jie WU ; K-H WIDMER ; B ZURFLUH ; Beat GOEPFERT ; Erxin W MORSCHER
Chinese Journal of Surgery 2004;42(20):1228-1231
<b>OBJECTIVEb>To measure the bone-prosthetic implant interface micromovement during the application of physiological load by using a material testing system (MTS).
<b>METHODSb>The cadaveric hip specimens were used to simulate a single leg stance and the joint in the neutral position. Micromovement was recorded via a 3-dimensional transducer in the acetabula of postmortem specimens, which had been preserved in formalin. The study data of the cemented and uncemented prosthsis refereed to the lone-term clinical process and the radiological status and experimental results.
<b>RESULTSb>Cemented cups showed higher transverse relative motion up to 90 microm, whereas the maximum transverse movement of the non-cemented cup was 60 microm. Orthogonal motion perpendicular to the implant surface showed compression for all cups at all sites.
<b>CONCLUSIONb>The results indicate that there are large differences in survival time between 2 groups. That could not be compared statistically in secondary stability. Nevertheless, according to the results, the amount of micromotion of press-fit cup is relatively less than that of cemented polyethylene cup, which is instrumental in bone ingrowth and secondary stability.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; methods ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Bioprosthesis ; Bone Cements ; Female ; Hip Prosthesis ; Humans ; Prosthesis Failure ; Weight-Bearing
4.National experts consensus on clinical diagnosis and treatment of inhalation injury (2018 version).
Burn and Trauma Branch of Chinese Geriatrics Society ; F GUO ; Y S ZHU ; J HUANG ; Y H WU ; Z F SUN ; X B XIA ; Xiaobing FU
Chinese Journal of Burns 2018;34(11):770-775
Inhalation injury is caused by inhalation of heat, toxic or irritating gases which lead to respiratory and pulmonary parenchyma damage. At present, the clinical understanding about it is still limited and lack of effective diagnosis and treatment standard. Based on the experience of diagnosis and treatment of domestic inhalation injury, combined with reports of international researches, criteria (expert consensus) for inhalation injury were systematically discussed from pathological and pathophysiological changes, clinical diagnosis and evaluation, and clinical treatment, which provides reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of patients inflicted with inhalation injury.
Burns, Inhalation
;
Consensus
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Humans
;
Lung
;
Smoke Inhalation Injury
;
diagnosis
;
therapy
5.Dynamic path analysis on life course epidemiology.
Z W TIAN ; G Y ZENG ; S L WU ; L T HUANG ; B Z WANG ; H Z TAN
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 2018;39(1):86-89
In the studies of modern epidemiology, exposure in a short term cannot fully elaborate the mechanism of the development of diseases or health-related events. Thus, lights have been shed on to life course epidemiology, which studies the exposures in early life time and their effects related to the development of chronic diseases. When exploring the mechanism leading from one exposure to an outcome and its effects through other factors, due to the existence of time-variant effects, conventional statistic methods could not meet the needs of etiological analysis in life course epidemiology. This paper summarizes the dynamic path analysis model, including the model structure and significance, and its application in life course epidemiology. Meanwhile, the procedure of data processing and etiology analyzing were introduced. In conclusion, dynamic path analysis is a useful tool which can be used to better elucidate the mechanisms that underlie the etiology of chronic diseases.
Chronic Disease/epidemiology*
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Epidemiologic Studies
;
Humans
;
Models, Theoretical
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Risk Factors
;
Time
6.Estimation on the health life expectancy of adults in Zhejiang province, 2016.
F R FEI ; R Y HU ; X Y WANG ; J M ZHONG ; W W GONG ; J PAN ; H B WU ; M WANG ; H WANG ; M YU
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 2018;39(9):1249-1254
<b>Objective:b> To estimate the health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE) of adults in Zhejiang province and evaluate the health status of the adults. <b>Methods:b> This study was based on the mortality data collected from Zhejiang Chronic Disease Surveillance Information and Management System, and mortality rates from the underreporting survey and self-reported health data in 2016. Hierarchical Ordered Probit (HOPIT) model was used to estimate the severity-weighted prevalence of disability. Sullivan's method was used to calculate the HALE. <b>Results:b> After adjustment by HOPIT model, the severity-weighted prevalence of disability increased significantly with age (χ(2)=5 795.81,P<0.001), and it was higher in females than in males (χ(2)=5 353.27, P<0.001). The life expectancy and self-evaluated HALE were 59.08 years and 48.68 years, respectively, in those aged ≥20 years, the difference was 10.40 years due to disability. The proportion of HALE loss due to disability in the total life expectancy was 17.61%, and it increased with age. HALE was higher in males than in females (49.21 years vs. 48.14 years), and in urban residents than in rural residents (49.92 years vs. 47.43 years). <b>Conclusion:b> The proportion of loss of HALE in the total life expectancy in adults was high in Zhejiang, and it higher in males than in females, in urban residents than rural residents. Programs on improving health care in women and rural residents should be promoted.
Adult
;
China/epidemiology*
;
Chronic Disease/epidemiology*
;
Disabled Persons/statistics & numerical data*
;
Female
;
Health Status
;
Humans
;
Life Expectancy/ethnology*
;
Male
;
Middle Aged
;
Prevalence
;
Sex Distribution
7.National experts consensus on clinical diagnosis and treatment of inhalation injury (2018 version).
Burn and Trauma Branch of Chinese Geriatrics Society ; F GUO ; Y S ZHU ; J HUANG ; Y H WU ; Z F SUN ; X B XIA ; X B FU
Chinese Journal of Burns 2018;34(11):E004-E004
Inhalation injury is caused by inhalation of heat, toxic or irritating gases which lead to respiratory and pulmonary parenchyma damage. At present, the clinical understanding about it is still limited and lack of effective diagnosis and treatment standard. Based on the experience of diagnosis and treatment of domestic inhalation injury, combined with reports of international researches, criteria (expert consensus) for inhalation injury were systematically discussed from pathological and pathophysiological changes, clinical diagnosis and evaluation, and clinical treatment, which provides reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of patients inflicted with inhalation injury.
Burns, Inhalation
;
Consensus
;
Humans
;
Lung
;
Practice Guidelines as Topic
;
Smoke Inhalation Injury
;
diagnosis
;
therapy
8.ROR2 gene is associated with risk of non-syndromic cleft palate in an Asian population.
Hong WANG ; Jacqueline B HETMANSKI ; Ingo RUCZINSKI ; Kung Yee LIANG ; M Daniele FALLIN ; Richard J REDETT ; Gerald V RAYMOND ; Yah-Huei Wu CHOU ; Philip Kuo-Ting CHEN ; Vincent YEOW ; Samuel S CHONG ; Felicia Sh CHEAH ; Ethylin Wang JABS ; Alan F SCOTT ; Terri H BEATY
Chinese Medical Journal 2012;125(3):476-480
<b>BACKGROUNDb>The receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 2 (ROR2) gene has been recently shown to play important roles in palatal development in animal models and resides in the chromosomal region linked to non syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate in humans. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible association between ROR2 gene and non-syndromic oral clefts.
<b>METHODSb>Here we tested 38 eligible single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ROR2 gene in 297 non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate and in 82 non-syndromic cleft palate case parent trios recruited from Asia and Maryland. Family Based Association Test was used to test for deviation from Mendelian inheritance. Plink software was used to test potential parent of origin effect. Possible maternally mediated in utero effects were assessed using the TRIad Multi-Marker approach under an assumption of mating symmetry in the population.
<b>RESULTSb>Significant evidence of linkage and association was shown for 3 SNPs (rs7858435, rs10820914 and rs3905385) among 57 Asian non-syndromic cleft palate trios in Family Based Association Tests. P values for these 3 SNPs equaled to 0.000068, 0.000115 and 0.000464 respectively which were all less than the significance level (0.05/38 = 0.0013) adjusted by strict Bonferroni correction. Relevant odds ratios for the risk allele were 3.42 (1.80 - 6.50), 3.45 (1.75 - 6.67) and 2.94 (1.56 - 5.56), respectively. Statistical evidence of linkage and association was not shown for study groups other than non-syndromic cleft palate. Neither evidence for parent-of-origin nor maternal genotypic effect was shown for any of the ROR2 markers in our analysis for all study groups.
<b>CONCLUSIONb>Our results provided evidence of linkage and association between the ROR2 gene and a gene controlling risk to non-syndromic cleft palate.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Cleft Lip ; genetics ; Cleft Palate ; genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; genetics ; Receptor Tyrosine Kinase-like Orphan Receptors ; genetics
9.Characteristic and dynamic of HIV-1 subtype distribution in men who have sex with men in Guangzhou, 2008-2015.
Z G HAN ; Y L ZHANG ; H WU ; W B CHENG ; C Y LIANG ; F ZHONG ; K GAO ; H F XU
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 2018;39(1):67-71
<b>Objective:b> To understand the characteristics and dynamic of HIV-1 subtype distribution in men who have sex with men (MSM) in Guangzhou between 2008 and 2015. <b>Methods:b> HIV-1 RNAs were extracted from serum samples of the individuals newly diagnosed with HIV-1 infection among MSM living in Guangzhou between 2008 and 2015. The pol gene segments of HIV-1 genome from these RNA samples were amplified by nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (nested-PCR) and were sequenced. Subsequently, the phylogenetic tree was reconstructed using pol sequences of samples and references together and the subtype of HIV-1 was determined. The distributions of HIV-1 subtypes detected in MSM with different demographic characteristics in different years were compared. <b>Results:b> A total of 2 210 pol gene segments were successfully obtained from 2 473 serum samples of the MSM. The average age of 2 210 MSM was 30.19 years with standard deviation of 8.22 years, the unmarried MSM and those in Han ethnic group accounted for 73.39% and 90.81%, respectively. The proportion of subtype CRF07_BC (38.10%) was highest, followed by CRF01_AE (34.84%), CRF55_01B (14.62%), B (6.06%), URFs (3.58%), CRF59_01B (2.17%) and other subtypes (0.63%). The annual proportions of subtype B (P=0.000, 99%CI:0.000-0.000), CRF07_BC (χ(2)=14.965, P=0.036), CRF55_01B (χ(2)=18.161, P=0.011) and URFs (P=0.001, 99% CI: 0.000-0.001) were significantly different. The proportion of subtype B showed a gradual decrease from 14.08% to 4.33% (P=0.000, 99%CI: 0.000-0.000), while the proportion of URFs rapidly increased from 0% to 6.40% (P=0.000, 99% CI: 0.000-0.000). The rate of URFs was significantly higher in farmers and migrant workers than in other groups (P=0.017, 99%CI: 0.014- 0.020) and the rate of URFs was higher in individuals who had multi sexual partners (χ(2)=5.733, P=0.017). <b>Conclusions:b> CRF07_BC and CRF01_AE were the predominant HIV-1 subtypes and multiple subtypes co-circulated among MSM in Guangzhou between 2008 and 2015. The recombinations of HIV-1 continue to occur in MSM. Strengthening behavioral intervention for farmers, migrant workers and individuals who have multi sexual partners has the important epidemiological significance against the emerging and circulating of the novel recombinant virus among MSM in Guangzhou.
China/epidemiology*
;
Genes, pol
;
Genotype
;
HIV Infections/virology*
;
HIV Seropositivity/genetics*
;
HIV-1/isolation & purification*
;
Homosexuality, Male
;
Humans
;
Male
;
Phylogeny
;
Polymerase Chain Reaction
;
RNA, Viral/blood*
;
Sexual Behavior
10.Progress in next-generation sequencing research of non-syndromic oral clefts.
M Y WANG ; D J LIU ; H HUANG ; W Y LI ; R ZHOU ; H P ZHU ; Z B ZHOU ; T WU
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 2018;39(3):387-390
Non-syndromic oral clefts (NSOC) are among the most common birth defects. The prevalence of NSOC is 1.13-1.30 per 1 000 live births in China, which is higher than those in other major ethnic groups. The etiology of NSOC is complex and heterogeneous, which involves both genetic and environmental risk factors. Although genome-wide association studies have identified a number of risk loci, these loci can only account for a small proportion of the heritability of NSOC. The next-generation sequencing research provides new ideas for further exploring the genetic risk factors of NSOC. This paper summaries the progress in the next-generation sequencing research of NSOC.
Asian People/genetics*
;
China
;
Cleft Lip/genetics*
;
Cleft Palate/genetics*
;
Ethnicity/genetics*
;
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
;
Genome-Wide Association Study
;
High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
;
Humans
;
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide