No abstract available.
Humans ; Urinary Retention*

Intexcellular adhesion molecule-10CAM- 1) is an important moleade in aehating immune and inflammatory responses. It is found on the surface of hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells. It can act as an adhesive ligand for integrins such as LFA-1 (CD1&/CD11a) and MAC-1 (CD18/ CD11b). ICAM-1 is basally expressed in sigaificant amount on a limited number of cell types, including monocytes and endothelial ceRs. But it is inducible or upregulated by INF-r, IL-1p and TNF-a on many cell types. IL-4, a pleiotropic cytokine and mast cell differentiation factor, is upregulated in human allergic disease and stimulates expression of vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in endothelial cells. IL-4 also promotes expression of surhce ICAM-1 in human mast cells and dermal fidroblasts. So in allergic rhinitis and asthma, IL-4 may be an important cytokine implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammation. We studied the effect of INF-r and IL-4 on expression of ICAM-1 in human nasal epithelial cells (HNEC). HNEC were prepared by primary culture method of monolayer culture of dissociated cells hom human inferior nasal turbinate mucosa. Nasal mucosa were obtained by partial turbinectomy of septal deviation patients. Primary cultured cells were charaterized as an epithelial cell type by indirect immuno-fluorescence assay using antilmdies against cytokeratin-pan, cytokeratin No. 8, vimentin and von Willebrand factor. Using fluorescence activated cell sorter (Coulter EI1TE), we analyzed the quantitative expression of ICAM-1 on HNEC. Treatment of HNEC with IFN-r (1ng/ml) for 24 hours caused about 8 fold increase of the surface ICAM-1 compared with constitutive expression by mean fluorescence intensity (MIF) but IL-4 had little effect. Theses foundings suggest that IFN-r is a potent ICAM-1 inducer in HNEC and further studies are necessary for the role of IL-4 on HNEC.
Adhesives ; Asthma ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytokines* ; Endothelial Cells ; Epithelial Cells* ; Fluorescence ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Integrins ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; Interleukin-4 ; Keratins ; Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1 ; Mast Cells ; Monocytes ; Mucous Membrane ; Nasal Mucosa ; Rhinitis ; Turbinates ; Vimentin ; von Willebrand Factor

No abstract available.
Arthritis* ; Osteoarthritis* ; Transforming Growth Factor beta* ; Transforming Growth Factors*

Epinephrine ; Pulmonary Edema

No abstract available.
Amniotic Fluid* ; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone* ; Female ; Obstetric Labor, Premature* ; Pregnancy

The hepatic hemopoiesis in intrauterine lifeis predominently erythropoiesis,and the erythroblasts undergo the differentiation process finally to form reticulocytes.In this syudy, the development of erythropoiesis in human fetal liver was observed using transmission electron microscope. The immature erythroblasts were more prominent in earlier fetal liver and proliferated rather than went through final differentiation process. The erythroblasts of different differentiation stages exhibited apoptosis in addition to the normal differentiation process. The nuclei of acidophilic erythroblasts were removed by the excessive condensation and dissociation of nuclei from the cytoplasm or by the displacement of nuclei to one side of the cell with deformation of nuclei. The deformed nuclei restored the round shape after the completion of enucleation and engulfed by hepatocytes and Kupffer cells. Two types of erythroblast islands were present in hepatic plate by the differentiation stages of erythroblasts, id est, islands of the same and the different differentiation stages. And several erythroblasts and enucleated nuclei were included in hepatocytes, intrahepatic macrophages and Kupffer cells, and the intrahepatic macrophages resembling Kupffer cell could be suggested to be originated from the Kupffer cell. But there was no morphological evidence of phagocytosis of erythroblasts and nuclei by these cells. In summary, human fetal hepatic erythropoiesis occurred by forming erythroblastic islands and some erythroblasts proceeded to apoptosis during the differentiation. Hepatocytes and macrophages were present in close relation to erythroblast islands and were suggested to influence the development and differentiation of erythroblasts.
Apoptosis ; Cytoplasm ; Erythroblasts* ; Erythropoiesis ; Hepatocytes ; Humans* ; Islands ; Kupffer Cells ; Liver* ; Macrophages ; Phagocytosis

Propofol is a rapidly acting intravenous anesthetic agent used for the induction of anesthesia, with a low incidence of side effects. But pain on injection of propofol has limited its use. The additional effect of lidocaine on painful injection of propofol was studied, during induction of general anesthesia in 75 patients in a prospective, randomized method. They were allocated randomly to three groups to receive propofol 2.0 mg/kg(group A), propofol 2.0 mg/kg with lidocaine 0.2 mg/kg(group B), propofol 2.0 mg/kg with lidocaine 0.3 mg/kg(group C). Pain score was assessed on a simple scale graded from 0 (no pain) to 3 (severe pain). Mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate were monitored at 1, 3, 5, 7 minutes after endotracheal intubation. In group B and C, significantly smaller pain score was observed. On the other hand, changes of mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate after endotracheal intubation was not significant. It is concluded that the addition of small amount of lidocaine can significantly reduce the severity of pain on injection of propofol.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Arterial Pressure ; Hand ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Incidence ; Injections, Intravenous ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Lidocaine* ; Propofol ; Prospective Studies

OBJECTIVES: Posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD) has devastating effects on multiple aspects of the quality of life(QoL). Therefore, the purpose of this study is to compare the QoL between PTSD group and non-PTSD group, and identify the variables affecting the QoL of the Vietnam War veterans. METHODS: We recruited 39 veterans with PTSD and 43 veterans without PTSD, all of whom had deployed to the Vietnam War. We used the Korean version of Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview-Plus, the Korean version of Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale, Combat Exposure Scale and the Korean version of World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment Instrument abbreviated version. We used independent samples t-test to identify the differences between PTSD and non-PTSD group in each domains of the quality of life. We also used stepwise multiple linear regression analysis to figure out the variables affecting the QoL of the Vietnam War veterans. RESULTS: In the PTSD group, all domains of the QoL and the QoL total score(p<0.01) were significantly lower than those in the non-PTSD group. In the Vietnam War veterans, PTSD, major depressive disorder and education levels were the variables affecting the QoL. Among these, PTSD uniquely explained the QoL of the overall and general health(beta=-1.411, R2=0.180), the physical health domain(beta=-2.806, R2=0.089) and the total score (beta=-11.479, R2=0.104). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that among the Vietnam War veterans, the QoL of the PTSD group is significantly lower than that of the non-PTSD group. Among the combat exposed veterans, PTSD may be one of the main reasons that affect the multiple domains of the QoL.
Depressive Disorder, Major ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Quality of Life ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic ; Veterans ; Vietnam ; World Health Organization

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Cisterna Magna*