No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic*

Seventy-seven patients who were treated regularly for more than 5 years in the Taegu Leprosy Mission were investigated with regard to the change of the bacillary index(BI) after treatment of either dapsone(DDS) alone or a combination of DDS and clofazimine. The results were as follows: 1) In the group that took only DDS 400-500 mg per week, the BI conversion to negative took average 51 months. 2) In the group that took only 600-700 mg per week, the BI conversion to negative took average 34 months. 3) In the group that took only DDS 400 mg per week initially and 600-700mg per week secondarily, the BI conversion to negative took average 64 months, the last 33 months of which marked the time period that 600-700 mg were taken per week. 4) In the group that took only DDS 400-500mg per week initially and a combination of DDS gpp 700 mg per week and clofazimine. 3pp-4pp mg per week secondarily, the BI conversion to negative took average 63 months, the last 35 months of which marked the time period for the combined therapy. 5) In the group that took a combination of DDS 600- 700 mg per week and clofazimine 400 mg per week, the BI conversion to negative took average 42 months.
Clofazimine* ; Daegu ; Dapsone* ; Humans ; Leprosy* ; Missions and Missionaries

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Ultrasonography* ; Varicocele*

No abstract available.
Lymphangioma*

PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of abutment shade, ceramic thickness, and coping type on the final shade of zirconia all-ceramic restorations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three different types of disk-shaped zirconia coping specimens (Lava, Cercon, Zirkonzahn: o10 mm x 0.4 mm) were fabricated and veneered with IPS e.max Press Ceram (shade A2), for total thicknesses of 1 and 1.5 mm. A total of sixty zirconia restoration specimens were divided into six groups based on their coping types and thicknesses. The abutment specimens (o10 mm x 7 mm) were prepared with gold alloy, base metal (nickel-chromium) alloy, and four different shades (A1, A2, A3, A4) of composite resins. The average L*, a*, b* values of the zirconia specimens on the six abutment specimens were measured with a dental colorimeter, and the statistical significance in the effects of three variables was analyzed by using repeated measures analysis of variance (alpha=.05).The average shade difference (DeltaE) values of the zirconia specimens between the A2 composite resin abutment and other abutments were also evaluated. RESULTS: The effects of zirconia specimen thickness (P<.001), abutment shade (P<.001), and type of zirconia copings (P<.003) on the final shade of the zirconia restorations were significant. The average DeltaE value of Lava specimens (1 mm) between the A2 composite resin and gold alloy abutments was higher (close to the acceptability threshold of 5.5 DeltaE) than th ose between the A2 composite resin and other abutments. CONCLUSION: This in-vitro study demonstrated that abutment shade, ceramic thickness, and coping type affected the resulting shade of zirconia restorations.
Alloys ; Ceramics* ; Composite Resins ; Masks*

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of carbonated drinks on acid production in Streptococcus mutans biofilm. Methods: Fifty one hour-old S. mutans biofilms were formed on hydroxyapatite discs. After selecting of the carbonated drinks (Coca cola, Coca cola zero sugar, Sprite, Sprite zero sugar, and Fanta), as well as negative (water) and positive (1% sucrose) controls for this study, glycolytic pH drop assay was performed using the S. mutans biofilms. The influence of the test agents on acid production of the 51 h-old biofilms was determined by the initial production rate and final concentration of protons, calculated using the pH values at 0-30 min and 120 min, respectively. Results: The pH values of the carbonated drinks ranged from 2.4 to 3.1. Sugar-free carbonated drinks and the negative control maintained the pH of acid produced by S. mutans biofilms above the critical pH. The sugar-added carbonated drinks and the positive control decreased the pH below the critical pH due to the acid production of S. mutans biofilms. Overall, sugar concentration in carbonated drinks was closely related to acid production in S. mutans biofilm. Conclusions These results suggest that sugar-added carbonated beverages should be considered for their role in dental erosion and dental caries, while non-sugar-added carbonated beverages should emphasize their role in dental erosion rather than dental caries.

Systemic amyloidosis is an uncommon disease characterized by deposits of fibrillar aggregates of monoclonal immunoglobuloin light chains in vital organs. This amyloid deposit cause cardiac or renal dysfunction and ultimately, death. Cardiac amyloidosis may be asymptomatic or important causes of progressive heart failure and refractory arrhythmia. Cardiac involvement from AL amyloidosis is rapidly fatal. The amyloidoses are classified according to the biochemical nature of the fibril-forming protein. Cardiac amyloidosis is common in primary (AL) and heterofamilial amyloidosis and very rare in the secondary (AA) form. As we experienced a case of systemic amyloidosis affected heart, liver and kidney, which was confirmed by histology. We present a 57-year-old female case with literature review.
Amyloidosis* ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Female ; Heart ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Kidney ; Liver ; Middle Aged ; Plaque, Amyloid

PURPOSE: To evaluate the low attenuation of mosaic pattern in pulmonary embolism, as observed on HRCT, and to correlate the findings with the pathologic features of resected lung. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using permanent embolic materials, pulmonary embolism was induced in eight Yorkshire pigs. Pre-and post-embolic pulmonary angiography was performed and after 6 weeks, the incidence and pattern of parenchymal change in low attenuation (mosaic pattern), as seen on HRCT, was evaluated. The animals were then sacrified and contact radiography of the lung was performed. Thirty-eight segments of pathology were taken from the area in which the presence of embolism had been suggested. Pathologic and HRCT findings were then correlated. RESULTS: On HRCT, low attenuation was seen in 23 of 36 segments (64%) and showed variable patterns : crescent peripheral hyperlucency (61%, n=14), heterogeneous mottled hyperlucency (17%, n=4), lobular hyperlucency (13%, n=3), and homogeneous segmental hyperlucency (9%, n=2). Parenchymal low attenuation was seen on HRCT in 10 of 11 segments (91%) in which large segmental arterial occlusion occurred, and in 3 of 16 segments (19%) in which there was small segmental arterial occlusion. Abnormal pathologic findings were pulmonary congestion, dilatation of pulmonary arteries, interlobular septal thickening, and thrombus formation. Among the 38 pathologic segmental specimens, 29 were from the area in which HRCT findings were positive, and in which pulmonary embolism subsequently occurred. In only four of nine segments (44%) in the area in which HRCT fingings were negative was pulmonary embolism subsequently. CONCLUSION: HRCT findings of pulmonary embolism at six weeks after embolization showed variable patterns of low attenuation, diminished diameter of pulmonary arteries, and normal diameter of bronchi. In cases with large segmental arterial occlusion, the finding of low attenuation was more common ; this may be due to reduced blood flow to the embolic area, in combination with bronchiolar spasm. For the early diagnosis of pulmonary embolism, these findings may be useful.
Angiography ; Animals ; Bronchi ; Dilatation ; Early Diagnosis ; Embolism ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Incidence ; Lung ; Pathology ; Pulmonary Artery ; Pulmonary Embolism* ; Radiography ; Spasm ; Swine ; Thrombosis

BACKGROUND: Duchenne muscular dystrophy is an X-linked recessive disorder leading to death in the late teens or early twenties. There is no effective pharmacological therapy for now. L-carnitine (LCAR), a naturally occurring compound facilitating the transport of fatty acid into mitochondria for -oxidation, has been getting an attention for its antiapoptotic and osmoprotective effect. The aim of this study is to evaluate if LCAR administration reduces dystrophic progression and enhances exercise tolerance in dystrophin deficient (mdx) mice. METHODS: Mdx mice (n=5) and wild type mice (n=5), aged 3 weeks were treated with oral LCAR (75mg/kg/day) for 6 weeks. Five each mdx and wild type mice were recruited for their counter-control. The animals underwent a 30-minute run on a horizontal treadmill for evaluating their exercise endurance. After 6-week training, baseline and post exercise serum CK of each group were analyzed. We examined sarcolemma integrity and muscle histology after exercise. Immunofluorescent stain and Western blot analysis for dystrophin-dystroglycan complex were also performed. RESULTS: LCAR-treated mdx mice showed higher exercise tolerance and lower serum CK value compared with those of control mice. The area of Evans blue dye uptake in LCAR-treated mdx mice was much smaller than that of control mdx mice. There was no remarkable difference in dystrophin-dystroglycan complex expression between treated and control mdx mice. CONCLUSIONS: LCAR seems to enhance exercise tolerance and decrease the breakdown of sarcolemma during strenuous exercise. Our study suggests the possibility of adjunctive therapeutic use of L-carnitine to the patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
Adolescent ; Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Carnitine* ; Dystrophin ; Evans Blue ; Exercise Tolerance* ; Humans ; Mice* ; Mice, Inbred mdx ; Mitochondria ; Muscular Dystrophies* ; Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne ; Sarcolemma

No abstract available.
Leukemia*