To evaluate the possibility of the newly developed highly porous glass ceramics as a space-filler in the cavitary bone defect, we made the opening sized 1 × 0.5 cm on the medial aspect of the right proximal tibia of nine rabbits. We impacted the highly porous glass ceramics firmly to the medullary cavity of rabbit tibia through the opening. Each three were sacrificed at 4th, 8th, and 12th week and analyze in vivo reaction of the glass ceramics in rabbit tibia with radiological and histological methods. On radiological examination, radiolucent line was seen around impacted glass ceramics at 4th week, but this radiolucent line was obliterated gradually to 12th week. On histological examination, new bone formation with osteoblast was appeared at 4th week without foreign body reactions. At 8th week, newly formed bone infiltrated into the porous space between glass ceramics particles was noticed, and the surface of glass ceramics was tightly bound by newly formed bone with osteoblastic rim and mature bone, At 12th week, the amount of newly formed mature bone increased, though there was on evidence of resorption of glass ceramics particle. So, we suggest that the highly porous glass ceramics is one of the possible artificial bone graft substitutes, especially as a space-filler.
Ceramics ; Foreign Bodies ; Glass ; Osteoblasts ; Osteogenesis ; Rabbits ; Tibia ; Transplants

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Humans ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic* ; Rhabdomyolysis*

No abstract available.
Hernia, Inguinal* ; Humans ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory* ; Radionuclide Imaging*

Bartter syndrome is a renal tubular defect in electrolyte transport characterized by hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, hyperreninemia, hyperaldosteronism, normal blood pressure, and other clinical symptoms. As a clinical and genetical heterogeneous disorder, this syndrome can be classified into two clinical variants, antenatal Bartter syndrome and classic Bartter syndrome according to the onset age. Nephrocalcinosis is common in antenatal Bartter syndrome, but is rare in classic Bartter syndrome. It can also be classified into five genetic subtypes by the underlying mutant gene, all of which are expressed in the tubular epithelial cells of the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle. Patients with Bartter syndrome type 1, 2 and 4 present at a younger age than classic Bartter syndrome type 3. We have experienced a case of Bartter syndrome with nephrocalcinosis in a 42-year-old woman diagnosed by biochemical and radiologic studies. We had successful response with potassium chloride and spironolactone.
Adult* ; Age of Onset ; Alkalosis ; Bartter Syndrome* ; Blood Pressure ; Epithelial Cells ; Extremities ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperaldosteronism ; Hypokalemia ; Loop of Henle ; Nephrocalcinosis* ; Potassium Chloride ; Spironolactone

No abstract available.
Anemia* ; Bone Marrow Transplantation* ; Bone Marrow*

BACKGROUND: The gut is an important area for inflammatory responses. Gut manipulation during open laparotomy compared with laparoscopic surgery, increases the inflammatory responses. Laparoscopic assisted colectomy (LC) with less bowel manipulation might minimize the inflammatory responses and oxidative stress, and offer a faster postanesthetic recovery than an open colectomy (OC). This study evaluated the effect of N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC), an antioxidant, on the recovery after colectomy. METHODS: 116 colorectal tumor patients were reviewed retrospectively. The patients were divided into 3 groups; LC by surgeon A (A - L), OC by surgeon A (A - O) and OC by surgeon B (B - O). The postanesthetic recovery scores (PARS) were compared. In the prospective randomized controlled trial, the colorectal tumor patients were assigned to one of four groups; laparoscopic assisted colectomy (L - N) with NAC infusion (L + N), open colectomy (O - N) with NAC infusion (O + N). In the NAC groups, NAC (5 mg/kg/h) was infused after intubation to extubation. The PARS were compared. RESULTS: In the retrospective study, the time to reach 10 points, which satisfies the discharge criteria in the PACU, was significantly lower in the A-L group than in the other groups. In the prospective study, the time to 10 points was shorter in the O + N group than in the O-N group. NAC offered no added benefits to the L + N and L-N groups. CONCLUSIONS: NAC offered faster recovery in the OC group but not in the LC group.
Colectomy ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Colorectal Surgery* ; Humans ; Intubation ; Laparoscopy ; Laparotomy ; Oxidative Stress ; Prospective Studies ; Retrospective Studies

In diabetic patients who were being treated with hemodialysis, coma and other neurological deficits did not occur in spite of extremely elevated serum glucose levels. In this report, we compared diabetic patients with renal failure in severe hyperglycemia with nonketotic hyperosmolar coma patients with normal renal function to know what affect mental changes. Mental changes were not present in diabetic patients with renal failure. These patients with renal failure showed more severe hyperglycemia, but corrected serum sodium concentration and calculated effective serum osmolality were low. So it is suggested that corrected serum sodium concentration and effective serum osmolality are more important factor affecting mental changes than high blood glucose levels in diabetic patients with renal failure, due to absence of osmotic diuresis.
Blood Glucose ; Coma ; Diuresis ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia* ; Osmolar Concentration ; Renal Dialysis ; Renal Insufficiency* ; Sodium

Hepatitis A is usually a mild, self-limiting illness, but in certain cases it can develop into a severe or fatal disease. The most common symptoms of acute hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection are fever, myalgia, nausea, vomiting, jaundice, and abdominal pain. Extrahepatic symptoms are rare, especially neurologic manifestations. We investigated a 34-year-old male who presented after suffering two days of fever, chills and general myalgia. His condition gradually deteriorated and he developed sudden blindness on day nine. This blindness lasted for 20 min and at this point abnormal brain images were observed. Initial tests for immunoglobulin M anti HAV were negative. These tests were repeated, later confirming acute HAV infection. After conservative management, the individual fully recovered. We report this extremely rare acute HAV infection case with metabolic encephalopathy exhibiting transient blindness.
Abdominal Pain ; Adult ; Blindness ; Brain ; Brain Diseases, Metabolic ; Chills ; Fever ; Hepatitis ; Hepatitis A ; Hepatitis A Antibodies ; Hepatitis A virus ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin M ; Jaundice ; Male ; Nausea ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Stress, Psychological ; Vomiting

PURPOSE: An outbreak of ESBL-producing Shigella sonnei enteritis was unprecedented not only in Korea but throughout the world in the past. We intended to devise a management guideline for ESBL-producing shigellosis based on analysis of clinical manifestations and response to therapy. METHODS: We analyzed 103 patients who were admitted to the hospital with acute GI symptoms and were shown positive result for S. sonnei on stool culture. We performed sensitivity test to the antibiotics and DNA sequencing of ESBL gene in the isolated S. sonnei colonies. In addition, we retrospectively analyzed their clinical characteristics, laboratory results, and clinical and microbiological responses to the antibiotics. RESULTS: Among the clinical manifestations, fever was the most frequent (96.1%), followed by diarrhea (93.2%), abdominal pain (76.7%), headache (71.8%), vomiting (65.0%), and nausea (41.7%). The fever was sustained for average of 2.0 days and diarrhea for 3.9 days. Watery diarrhea was the most common (69%) followed by mucoid (26%), and bloody stool (5%). On peripheral blood smear, leukocytosis was noted in 53.4% of patients, and 78.6% of patients tested positive for serum CRP response. On stool direct smear, 11.7% of patients showed more than 50 WBCs/HPF, and 9.7% of patients between 5 to 20 WBCs/HPF. Stool occult blood was positive in 71% of patients. Production of CTX-M-14 type ESBL was reported for all S. sonnei strains isolated from this outbreak. Microbiological eradication rates to various antibiotics were as follows: 100% (9/9) to ciprofloxacin, 100% 5/5) to azithromycin, 6.9% (5/72) to cefdinir, 0% (0/8) to ceftriaxone, 12.5% (1/8) to ceftizoxime, 0% (0/ 8) to TMP/SMX, 42.9% (3/7) to ampicillin/sulbactam, 20% (1/5) to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, and 68.8 % (11/16) to imipenem/cilastatin. CONCLUSION: It is presumed that azithromycin can be an attractive option for the treatment of ESBL-producing S. sonnei enteritis in pediatric population, given its cost-effectiveness and safety. Although ciprofloxacin is another cost-effective agent, its use in pediatric population may be a bit too premature.
Abdominal Pain ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Azithromycin ; beta-Lactamases* ; Ceftizoxime ; Ceftriaxone ; Ciprofloxacin ; Diarrhea ; Dysentery* ; Dysentery, Bacillary ; Enteritis ; Fever ; Headache ; Humans ; Korea ; Leukocytosis ; Nausea ; Occult Blood ; Retrospective Studies ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Shigella sonnei* ; Shigella* ; Vomiting