Two isotypes of nm23 gene have been reported as multifunctional genes as well as CD44 gene. In tumor, both of genes, one isotype of human nm23, nm23-H1 and splice variants of surface glycoprotein CD44[CD44 v8-10], are correlated with tumor growth and metatastic potential[Keim et al., 1992 ; Dall et al., 1995]. However, the correlation of expression between these genes in tumor was not reported. In this immunohistochemical study on skin cancers, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and malignant melanoma, we intended to clarify the differences of expression on the basis of origins of skin tumors, basal cell, prickle cell, melanin producing cell, and compare the alterations of expressions between two genes in each tumor, respectively. The conclusion of this comparison is that relative parallel alteration in expressions between nm23-H1/NDP kinase and CD44 v8-10 was observed in basal cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma with inverse relation in differentiation. In squamous carcinoma, the expressions of two genes were much associated with differentiation. On the periphery of tumor, very low level of nm23-H1 protein and high level of CD44 v8-10 protein were detected.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Humans* ; Melanins ; Melanoma ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; Phosphotransferases* ; Skin Neoplasms* ; Skin*

No abstract available.
Lung* ; Pneumonia*

Since the first report by Tansini in 1896, the latissimus dorsi muscle free flap has been widely used for various types of soft tissue defect due to reliable anatomy with a sufficient diameter of neurovascular pedicle and a sizable muscle. However, for relatively small soft tissue defect, latissimus dorsi free flap offers several distinct disadvantages of donor site including loss of the posterior axillary fold and flattening of the posterolateral chest wall, weakness of upper arm strength in extension, adduction and internal rotation. We treated three patients having various types of soft tissue defect using segmental latissimus dorsi muscular free flap depending on its descending branch of thoracodorsal neurovascular pedicles. There were no serious complications during 18 months of mean follow-up. We concluded that this method has some advantages such as no weakness of strength of the upper arm including walking on crutches, preserving the posterior axillary fold, preventing winging of the scapula and increased chance of using a flow-through technique. Here we present our cases of reconstruction of soft tissue defect using segmental latissimus dorsi free flap with a review of the literature.
Arm ; Crutches ; Follow-Up Studies ; Free Tissue Flaps* ; Humans ; Scapula ; Superficial Back Muscles* ; Thoracic Wall ; Tissue Donors ; Walking

Using 3D ultrasound, bilateral chylothorax was diagnosed antenatally in the second trimester. Apparently stable, bilateral pleural effusion progressed rapidly to severe hydrops with facial edema during observation, and then we decided bilateral pleural-amniotic shunt operation. Here we present a case where drainage of pleural effusion by a double reverse pig tail stent made by ourself was achieved, although placement of the thoracoamniotic shunt resulted in near complete drainage of bilateral pleural effusion with normalization of intrathoracic anatomic relationships, subsequent resolution of fetal hydrops, but the ultimate outcome was unsuccessful due to the internalization of one catheter and unknown sudden death. We think that ongoing research is required to further evaluation about complications associated with this procedure, specifically failure of function due to obstruction, migration of the catheter,
Catheters ; Chylothorax* ; Death, Sudden ; Drainage ; Edema ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrops Fetalis ; Pleural Effusion ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Stents ; Tail ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.
Danazol* ; Panniculitis*

This study was undertaker to define the usefuness of preoperative CA-125 assay as a diagnostic bmor marker in differentiating malignancy from benign ovarian mass. Senun CA-125 were imneasured by Microparticle Enzyme Immunoassay(MEIA) in 94 patients with ovarian mass. The results were of follows ; 1. The mean value of preopentive senun CA-125 was 18.40u/ml in benign ovarian mass and 225.99u/ml in malignant ovarian mass (P<0.001). 2. The positive rete of Ca-125 in benign ovarian mass was 10%, compared 80% in malignant ovarian mass. 3. In analysis of histolovgic type, posisitive rate of serum CA-125 in malignant serous tumor was 82%, cornpared 50% in malignant mucinoins tumor. 2. No statistically significant correlation was observed between CA-125 value and patient's age. 5. The sensitivitiy, specifieity, positive predictive value & negative predictive value were 80%, 90%, 60% & 96%, respectively in cut off value, 35u/ml, And increasing cut off value 65u/ml, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value & negative predictive value were 40%, 96%, 67%, 90%, resqxetively. These data suggest the preperative serum CA-125 level correlate with maignant stattis in ovarian mass. And cut off value 35u/ml was better than 65u/ml in screening for ovarian cancer.
Humans ; Mass Screening ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Sensitivity and Specificity

PURPOSE: To demonstrate by CT scanning the effect of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) on pancreatic duct stones in patients with chronic pancreatitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pancreatic duct stones in 11 patients with chronic pancreatitis were subject to ESWL using an electrohydraulic lithotripter. Endoscopic stone removal using a basket had failed in ten patients, and in one, endoscopy was impossible due to a previous Whipple's operation. CT scans obtained before and after ESWL were evaluated by two radiologists: the longest and shortest diameters of the target stone were measured, and according to the degree of fragmentation, determined by comparing the area of the stone before and after ESWL, a grade (1-5) was assigned. In each case, the pre- and post- treatment diameter of the main pancreatic duct, measured at the pancreatic body, was also compared. RESULTS: Disintegration of the target stone was achieved in all patients: grade 1 (over 75% of the area remained, compared with that of the initial stone) was assigned in two patients; grade 2 (51-75% of the original area) in one; grade 3 (26-50%) in four; grade 4 (under 25%) in two; and grade 5 (complete clearance of the target stone) in two. The mean area decreased from 175 mm2 to 69 mm2 after ESWL (p<0.05); a decrease of more than 50% was observed in eight patients (73%). The mean diameter of the main pancreatic duct decreased from 7.36 to 4.81 mm (p<0.05). No severe adverse effects or complications were noted, and all patients showed clinical improvement. Follow-up studies indicated that pancreatic duct stones recurred in three patients. CONCLUSION: ESWL can cause the fragmentation of pancreatic duct stones without significant complications, and should be considered where endoscopic stone removal has failed. CT is a suitable non-invasive and accurate tool for evaluating the therapeutic results of ESWL.
Endoscopy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lithotripsy* ; Pancreatic Ducts* ; Pancreatitis ; Pancreatitis, Chronic* ; Shock* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.
Chlorpromazine* ; Hyperpigmentation ; Pigmentation*

Malignant Mixed Mullerian tumors(MMMTs) are unusual neoplasms occumng mostly in the uterus and, ralely, they arise in the ovary. The clinical features of malignant mixed mullerian tumor of the ovary are similiar to other ovarian malignancies. The clinical course is rapidly progressive and fatal. The optimal treatment modalities has remained elusive. The most reliable prognostic criterion is the initial tumor stage and the overall survival was poor. We experienced two cases of malignant mixed miillerian tumor of the ovary, so we report these cases with a brief review of the concerned literatures.
Female ; Ovary* ; Respiratory Sounds ; Uterus

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the profiles and mechanisms of injuries using online injury surveillance system (OISS) with match video files at 2017 World Taekowndo Championship (WTC) athletes. Methods: This study design was a prospective epidemiological study with video analysis. All injuries were recorded during the 2017 WTC using the OISS developed by the International Olympic Committee. A total of 971 athletes who participated in the 2017 WTC were enrolled. Each injury was recorded retrospectively by three cameras surrounding each court. Injury profiles and mechanisms were calculated as; percent injury rate, injury rate/100 athlete-exposures, injury location, type, and mechanism via the injury surveillance system and video analysis form. Results: There were 74 injuries, which corresponded to an overall incidence of 13.5 injuries (95% confidence interval, 11.2–15.8) per 100 athletes. The face (27.0%), hand/finger (23.0%), knee (14.9%), and ankle (10.8%) were most frequently injured parts. Contusions (37.8%), fracture and ligament sprains (20.3%) were the most frequently injury types. The main mechanism for contact injury is while attacking with the roundhouse kick (66.2%), or not used block (81.1%). There were also noncontact injuries (24.3%). Conclusion The incidence of injuries to the face, hand/fingers, knee, and ankle was relatively high. To prevent contact injuries, protective headgear and better shin guards and hand protectors need to be developed. As for the noncontact injuries, we recommend hamstring strengthening exercises, and neuromuscular training to strengthen the tendons and ligaments protecting the ankle and knee joints.