BACKGROUND: We evaluated the effectiveness of isolation measures using cohorting rooms and antimicrobial use in reducing the isolation rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDR-AB). METHODS: Four cohorting rooms (16 beds) for patients colonized or infected with multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) have been created in the general wards of our 894-bed hospital since October 2003. We prospectively evaluated the isolation rates of MRSA and MDR-AB, and amount of antimicrobial use during the 8-year study period. We also investigated the relationship between antimicrobial use density (AUD) and the isolation rates of MRSA and MDR-AB. RESULTS: After creating cohorting rooms, the isolation rates of MRSA decreased from 1.56 cases per 1,000 patient-days from 2004-2005 to 1.24 from 2006-2007 (P=0.57). The isolation rates of MDR-AB also decreased from 0.72 from 2004-2005 to 0.36 from 2010-2011 (P<0.01). The mean quarterly AUDs of glycopeptides and carbapenems were 30.17+/-6.80 and 19.5+/-7.10, respectively. There were no significant correlations between AUD values and the isolation rate of MRSA or MDR-AB. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that isolation measures using cohorting rooms to help limit the transmission of MDRO infection and colonization, especially MDR-AB, in resource-limited settings is feasible and efficacious.
Acinetobacter ; Acinetobacter baumannii ; Carbapenems ; Cohort Studies ; Colon ; Drug Resistance ; Glycopeptides ; Humans ; Methicillin Resistance ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; Patient Isolation ; Patients' Rooms ; Prospective Studies

No abstract available.
Pregnancy* ; Uterine Rupture*

No abstract available.
Edema* ; Hydrops Fetalis*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical features, surgical outcome and factors influencing the surgical outcome of infantile esotropia according to the age at surgery. METHODS: Seventy patients with infantile esotropia followed for at least 6 months after surgery, were enrolled in a retrospective study. Patients were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 included 25 patients who underwent surgery before the age of 24 months and group 2 included 45 patients who underwent surgery after 24 months of age. The clinical characteristics including age at the initial visit, refractive error, angle of deviation, associated strabismus, success rate and reoperation rate were analyzed according to the age at surgery. RESULTS: The mean angle of esodeviation before surgery was 41.71PD and refractive error was +1.26D. Patients underwent bimedial rectus recessions at the mean age of 67.33 months. The age at the initial visit was significantly older in group 2. Surgical success is defined as the ocular alignment within +/-10PD in primary position at the last visit. Fourteen patients (56%) from group 1 and 29 (64.4%) from group 2 obtained surgical success. Reoperation was performed in 8 patients (32%) from group 1 and 8 (17.8%) from group 2, which was not statistically significantly different. Stereopsis better than 3,000 seconds of arc was obtained in 3 patients (50%) from group 1 and 16 (76.2%) from group 2. CONCLUSIONS: In group 2, the late-surgery group, the success rate was 64.4% and stereopsis was obtained in 76.2%. Surgical results were not different between the two groups.
Depth Perception ; Esotropia ; Humans ; Refractive Errors ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies ; Strabismus

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical features, surgical outcome and factors influencing the surgical outcome of infantile esotropia according to the age at surgery. METHODS: Seventy patients with infantile esotropia followed for at least 6 months after surgery, were enrolled in a retrospective study. Patients were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 included 25 patients who underwent surgery before the age of 24 months and group 2 included 45 patients who underwent surgery after 24 months of age. The clinical characteristics including age at the initial visit, refractive error, angle of deviation, associated strabismus, success rate and reoperation rate were analyzed according to the age at surgery. RESULTS: The mean angle of esodeviation before surgery was 41.71PD and refractive error was +1.26D. Patients underwent bimedial rectus recessions at the mean age of 67.33 months. The age at the initial visit was significantly older in group 2. Surgical success is defined as the ocular alignment within +/-10PD in primary position at the last visit. Fourteen patients (56%) from group 1 and 29 (64.4%) from group 2 obtained surgical success. Reoperation was performed in 8 patients (32%) from group 1 and 8 (17.8%) from group 2, which was not statistically significantly different. Stereopsis better than 3,000 seconds of arc was obtained in 3 patients (50%) from group 1 and 16 (76.2%) from group 2. CONCLUSIONS: In group 2, the late-surgery group, the success rate was 64.4% and stereopsis was obtained in 76.2%. Surgical results were not different between the two groups.
Depth Perception ; Esotropia ; Humans ; Refractive Errors ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies ; Strabismus

No abstract available.
Antibodies* ; Rheumatic Diseases*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the refractive status, anisometropia, amblyopia and strabismus in 3-year-old premature children. METHODS: A total of 161 eyes from 82 premature infants were retrospectively reviewed and divided into three groups according to the presence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and treatment; Group 1 (68 eyes): without ROP, Group 2-1 (32 eyes): spontaneously regressed ROP, and Group 2-2 (61 eyes): regressed ROP with treatment. The incidences and clinical features of refractive errors, anisometropia, amblyopia and strabismus at the age of three years were compared among the three groups. RESULTS: The incidences of myopia, astigmatism, anisometropia and the severity of myopia increased according to the presence of ROP and treatment (p = 0.03, 0.02, 0.001, and 0.04, respectively). There were no significant differences in the incidences of hyperopia among the three groups; however, the severity of hyperopia in Group 2-2 was higher than those in the other two groups (p = 0.01). Patients in Group 1 had better best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) compared with those of the other two groups (p < 0.001). However, no significant differences in the incidences of strabismus or amblyopia among the three groups (p = 0.80 and 0.85, respectively) were found, and the ratio of esotropia : exotropia was 1:1.3. CONCLUSIONS: Regular ocular examination should be required in children who were born prematurely in order to detect and treat ophthalmologic problems such as refractive errors, amblyopia and strabismus.
Amblyopia ; Anisometropia ; Astigmatism ; Child ; Diterpenes ; Esotropia ; Exotropia ; Eye ; Humans ; Hyperopia ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Myopia ; Preschool Child ; Refractive Errors ; Retinopathy of Prematurity ; Retrospective Studies ; Strabismus ; Visual Acuity

Background: The nose is located at the center of the face, and it is possible to determine race, sex, and the like. Research usingthe nasal index (NI) classification method to classify the shape of the nose is currently in progress. However, domestic research is required as most research is being conducted abroad. In this study, we used a 3D program to confirm the ratio of the nose shape of Koreans. Methods: One hundred patients (50 males and 50 females) in their 20s were evaluated (IRB approval no. DKUDH IRB 2020-01-007).Cone beam computed tomography was performed using the Mimics ver.22 (Materialise Co., Leuven, Belgium) 3D program to model the patient’s skull and soft tissues into three views: coronal, sagittal, and frontal. To confirm the ratio of measurement metrics, analysis was performed using the SPSS ver. 23.0 (IBM Co., Armonk, NY, USA) program. Results: Ten leptorrhine (long and narrow) type, 76 mesorrhine (moderate shape) type, and 14 platyrrhine (broad and short) type noses were observed. In addition, as a result of sex comparison, five males had the leptorrhine (long and narrow) type, 40 mesorrhine (moderate shape), and five platyrrhine (broad and short) types. For females, five patients had the leptorrhine (long and narrow) type, 36 patients had the mesorrhine (moderate shape) type, and nine patients had the platyrrhine (broad and short) type. Conclusion This study will be helpful when performing nose-related surgeries and procedures in clinical practice and for similarstudies in the future.

The authors present two cases of ruptured intercraial aneurysm s associated with nearly total destruction of kidney function due to polycystic kindney in one aged 35 years and the other aged 53 years. One patient had a aneurysm on anterior communicating artery and the other had three aneurysms located in cavenous and bifurcated portions of internal carotid artery, and anterior communicating artery. They were successfully treated by a direct surgical approach. We stress surgical management in a state of good consciousness regardless of poor kidney function, because the risk of early death by rebleeding is seemed to be higher than that by renal failure or others.
Aneurysm ; Arteries ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Consciousness ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm* ; Kidney ; Polycystic Kidney Diseases* ; Renal Insufficiency

No abstract available.
Antibodies, Antiphospholipid* ; Rheumatic Diseases*