No abstract available.
Nephrotic Syndrome* ; Thrombosis*

Mucormycosis is a fungal disease in which normal saphrophytic molds produce an acute and often rapidly fatal infection. Patients with orbital mucormycosis commonly present with abrupt visual loss, orbital pain and facial hypoaethesia. In our case, mucormycosis was confirmed by histopathological examination and it was mainly treated with daily intravenous amphotericin B for 42 days. As medical treatment was successful, no orbital exenteration has been necessitated.
Amphotericin B ; Fungi ; Humans ; Mucormycosis* ; Orbit*

Mucormycosis is a fungal disease in which normal saphrophytic molds produce an acute and often rapidly fatal infection. Patients with orbital mucormycosis commonly present with abrupt visual loss, orbital pain and facial hypoaethesia. In our case, mucormycosis was confirmed by histopathological examination and it was mainly treated with daily intravenous amphotericin B for 42 days. As medical treatment was successful, no orbital exenteration has been necessitated.
Amphotericin B ; Fungi ; Humans ; Mucormycosis* ; Orbit*

No abstract available.
Glomus Tumor*

OBJECTIVES: Over the last 30 years, despite the increasing sophistication in medical care, the mortality of acute renal failure(ARF) has remained virtually unchanged at 40-50%, but the reasons remain unknown. This study intend to identify prognostic risk factors influencing survival and predict the mortality in ARF patients. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 152 patients with ARF who required renal replacement therapy, or whose serum creatinine level above 5 mg/dl, from Jan. 1988 to May. 1995. Multiple factors which may influence mortality were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: 1) Of the 152 patients, 97 were male and 55 were female. The mean age was 47 years and the overall mortality was 36.8%. 2) Based on the univariate analysis, age>60 years, cause of ARF, APACHE II score, number of failing organs, peak serum creatinine level, PaO2, coma, hypotension, ARDS, GI bleeding, ventilatory support, need for antiarrhythmics, DIC, cardiovascular failure, pulmonary failure, neurological failure, and gastrointestinal failure were all significant factors discriminating between survivors and nonsurvivors(p<0.05) 3) By multivariate analysis, hypotension, coma, ventilatory support, and age over 60 years were significant independent predictors influencing survival in ARF patients and logistic equation and logit score were as follows : z=-2.04+1.32(age over 60)+2.18(hypotension)+2.88 (ventilatory support) + 3.28(coma) P=ez/(1+ ez) 4) In ROC(receiver-operating characteristic)curve, when the cutoff point was 0.2, maximum sensitivity was 75% and maximum specificity was 82%. CONCLUSION: In ARF, prognostic risk factors for mortality were age over 60 years, hypotension, assisted ventilation and coma. The logit score by multiple analysis is a reliable predictor of mortality in ARF patients, however the further studies are required to confirm these results.
Acute Kidney Injury* ; APACHE ; Coma ; Creatinine ; Dacarbazine ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Male ; Mortality* ; Multivariate Analysis ; Renal Replacement Therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors* ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Survivors ; Ventilation

In the studies on the hatching mechanisms in mammals, many investigators focused on the embryonic intrinsic factor(s) in in vitro culture, but the uterine environment as the extrinsic factor(s) is thought to play an important role in hatching mechanism. Therefore, to evaluate the effect of uterine environment on the hatching event in vivo, the immature(GV) and ovulated(MII) oocytes, and the late 2-cell embryos of mouse were transferred to pseudopregnant foster mother's uterus during peri-implantation period. So it was verified whether there would happen hatching by only uterine environment independently on embryonic stage. The ultrastructural changes of the zona surface of transferred group were compared with those of in vivo and vitro group by SEM. 36 hrs after transfer, the immature and ovulated oocytes almost degenerated, and the late 2-cell embryos developed to various embryonic stages. However, the embryos which didn't develop to blastula stage did not hatch. The ultrastructural network of ZP in transferred group seemed to be smoothed uniformly, which was different from in vitro group. In conclusion, it is suggested that the uterine environment during peri-implantation period enhances the embryo hatching by provoking the structural change of ZP.
Animals ; Blastula ; Embryonic Structures* ; Herpes Zoster* ; Humans ; Mammals ; Mice* ; Oocytes* ; Research Personnel ; Uterus ; Zona Pellucida*

Clinical analysis was performed on 660 cases of the intussusception treated at the Masan Fatima Hospital from January 1981 to December 1995. Also the frequency of the intussusception in the central area of Kyung Nam province from January 1991 to December 1995 was studied. The results were as follows. 1) The intusssusception was most commonly occured between 6 months to 9 months of age(28.6%). Male to female ratio was 2.06 : 1. 2) The frequent symptoms and signs were abdominal pain(80.9%), bloody stool(68.3%), vomiting(63.9%), and palpable abdominal mass(43.6%). 3) The incidence of types of intussusception were ileo-colic(50.0%), ileo-ileo-colic(41.2%), ileo-cecal(6.3%), colo-colic(2.1%) and ileo-ileal(0.4%) in order. 4) The chance of intestinal resection was increased in the case of symptom duration over 24 hours(P<0.01). 5) Barium reduction was attempted in 660 cases(100%) and achieved successful reduction in 364 cases(55.2%). Operative treatment was performed in 296 cases(44.8%), of which manual reduction was carried out in 267 cases(90.2%), intestinal resection in 17 cases(5.8%) and spontaneous reduction was noted in 12 cases(4.0%). 6) Wound infection developed in 12 cases(4.0%) was the most commonly observed postoperative complication. 7) The recurrent rates of the barium enema and operation were 9.1% and 7.1%, resepctively. 8) The operative mortality was 0.2%. 9) The incidence of intussusception in Kyung Nam central area from 1991 to 1995 were as followings : 5.55/1000 live birth in 1991, 5.65/1000 live birth in 1992, 5.03/1000 live birth in 1993, 5.00/1000 live birth in 1994 and 4.03/1000 live birth in 1995.
Barium ; Child* ; Enema ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Infant* ; Intussusception* ; Live Birth ; Male ; Mortality ; Postoperative Complications ; Wound Infection

In this study, the effect of phorbol ester on the synthesis of nitric oxide(NO) in murine microglial cells was examined. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate(PMA), a protein kinase C(PKC) activator, alone had no effect, whereas PMA with recombinant interferon-gamma(rIFN-gamma) synergistically increased NO synthesis in murine microglial cells. The maximal effect of PMA in the increase of NO synthesis always fit with the range for rull activation of PKC in these cells. The increase of NO synthesis was reflected as increased amount of inducible NO synthase(iNOS) mRNA by Northern blotting. Treatment of PKC inhibitors such as staurosporine(STSN) or polymxin B decreased rIFN-gamma plus PMA-stimulated NO synthesis. Further, prolonged incubation of the cells with PMA, which down regulate PKC activity, abolished synergistic cooperative effect with IFN-gamma. N(G)-monomethyl-L arginine monohydrate(NGMMA), an analogue of L-arginine, and arginase inhibited rIFN-gamma plus PMA-induced NO production in murine microglial cells. On the basis of these observations we conclude that PKC might not be involved in the expression of iNOS, but instead, might be involved in the post-transcriptional modification of iNOS mRNA.
Arginase ; Arginine ; Astrocytes ; Blotting, Northern ; Microglia ; Myristic Acid* ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; Nitric Oxide* ; Protein Kinase C ; Protein Kinases ; RNA, Messenger

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of treatments for enchondromas of the hand with heterograft bone substitute instead of bone autograft. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the radiographs of 15 patients that were followed for a minimum of 6 months. From January 1995 to May, 2000, fifteen patients that were treated with heterograft bone and could be followed-up for at least 6 months were retrospectively studied. Clinical, radiological and histological results were evaluated. RESULTS: Clinically excellent in 5, good in 10. Radiologic result was 12 in Group 1, 3 in Group 2, the average consolidation duration was 8 months (5-11 months). The typical histologic findings of enchondroma by intraoperative specimens were hyaline cartilage, myxoid degeneration, calcification, and enchondral ossification. Grafted heterograft bone was incorporated via physiologic remodelling without significant problems. No signigicant complications occurred. CONCLUSION: We believe that heterograft bone is a good treatment option for enchondromas of the hand, given the disadvantages of bone autografts or allografts.
Allografts ; Autografts ; Bone Substitutes ; Chondroma* ; Hand* ; Heterografts* ; Humans ; Hyaline Cartilage ; Retrospective Studies ; Transplants

In postmenopausal osteoporosis, estrogen deficiency leads to unbalance of bone metabolism, decreased bone formation and increased bone resorption, and the result is reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and bone stiffness. The processes of bone formation and resorption involves the expression of integrins in anchoragedependent cells, such as osteoblast and osteoclast. The osteoporosis-induced rats frequently demonstrated the loss of trabecular bone volume in the tibia, vertebra and mandible due to estrogen depletion. However, in maxilla, study has been rare because of its anatomical limits. So the objective of this study was to investigate bony change and property of integrin expression in maxilla of osteoporosis-induced rats. 12-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were bilaterally ovariectomized (OVX). At 1, 2, 3, 4, 8 and 12 weeks, control and OVX group rats were sacrificed respectively. BMD of maxilla of the rats was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). And then the histopathologic observation, histomorphometric analysis and immunohistochemistry with CD44, alpha2 integrin, alpha5 integrin, alpha6 integrin, alphav integrin and beta3 integrin were done. BMD of alveolar bone in maxilla was decreased with significance statistically after OVX 4 weeks and was decreased 18.15% at OVX 12 weeks group compared to control group. From OVX 4 to 12 weeks, the thickness of periodontal ligament space was decreased, the number of osteoclast and the size of marrow stroma were increased than control group. By histomorphometric analysis, the size of marrow stroma of alveolar bone in maxilla was increased 86.42% at OVX 12 weeks group compared to control group. CD44 was widely expressed throughout the odontoblast, cementoblast, dental pulp, preiodontal ligament, osteocyte, osteoclast and perivascular tissue at control group, and CD44 immunoreactivity was increased the odontoblast, osteoblast and osteoclast at OVX groups. alpha2 integrin was expressed the odontoblast and osteoblast at control group, but alpha2 integrin immunoreactivity was decreased the osteoblast at OVX 12 weeks group. alpha5 integrin was expressed the cementoblast, osteoblast and osteoclast at control group, and alpha5 integrin immunoreactivity was decreased the osteoblast and was increased the osteoclast from OVX 4 weeks group. alpha6 integrin was weakly expressed the odontoblast, cementoblast, osteoblast and osteoclast at control group, and alpha6 integrin immunoreactivity was weakly increased the osteoclast from OVX 4 weeks. alphav integrin was expressed the odontoblast and osteoclast at control group, and alphav integrin immunoreactivity was strongly increased the osteoclast from OVX 4 weeks. beta3 integrin was expressed the osteocyte and osteoclast at control group, and beta3 integrin immunoreactivity was strongly increased the osteoclast from OVX 4 weeks. From these results, alveolar bone in maxilla of OVX rats was decreased BMD gradually. Moreover, alpha2 and alpha5 integrin expression of osteoblast was decreased, and alpha5, alphav and beta3 integrin expression of osteoclast was increased in OVX rats. Thus, this study indicates that consideration of reduced BMD is necessary in dental procedure of postmenopausal women.
Absorptiometry, Photon ; Animals ; Bone Density* ; Bone Marrow ; Bone Resorption ; Dental Cementum ; Dental Pulp ; Estrogens ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Integrin alpha2 ; Integrin alpha5 ; Integrin alpha6 ; Integrin alphaV ; Integrin beta3 ; Integrins ; Ligaments ; Mandible ; Maxilla* ; Metabolism ; Odontoblasts ; Osteoblasts ; Osteoclasts ; Osteocytes ; Osteogenesis ; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal ; Ovariectomy* ; Periodontal Ligament ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spine ; Tibia