Successful middle ear surgery requires the availability of al safe, effective bonding material. Side effect caused by synthetic materials have led to the use of biologic adhesive, However, they carry the risk of transmission of infectious diseases if they are prepared from pooled human blood. The adhesive strength of ammonium sulfate fibrin adhesive produce an adhesive strength that is half that of the homologous commercial product. It is, however, good enough for use in several otolaryngological operations, tympanoplasty, facial nerve repair, reconstruction of ossicles. Reconstruction of posterior wall of ear canal and obliteration of frontal sinus and mastoid antrum using bone dust.
Adhesives ; Ammonium Compounds* ; Ammonium Sulfate* ; Communicable Diseases ; Dust ; Ear Canal ; Ear, Middle ; Facial Nerve ; Fibrin Tissue Adhesive* ; Fibrin* ; Frontal Sinus ; Humans ; Mastoid ; Tympanoplasty

No abstract available.
Anemia, Dyserythropoietic, Congenital*

Binocular function is not easy to obtain after strabismus surgery in adults with longstanding strabismus. In this study, postoperative binocular function was evaluated in 60 adults with longstanding horizontal strabismus. The subjects were eighteen years older and had developed strabismus before the age of eight. They were composed of 15 esotropes and 45exotropes without history of strabismus surgery. Pre-and postoperative stereopsis was assessed with Titmus-fly and Randot stereopsis tests. Visual acuity of the deviating eye, duration of deviation, angle of deviation, and status of stereopsis were compared according to the type of deviation. Stereopsis was shown in 20.0% of esotropes and 71.1% of exotropes before surgery. After surgery, only 46.7% of esotropes showed stereopsis in contrast with 91.1% of exotropes. In cases with congenital origin, 22.2% of esotropes and 83.3% of exotropes had stereopsis, while in those of acquired origin, 83.3%, and 92.3%, respectively. This study shows that stereopsis of good quality can be obtained and improved after surgery in adlts with longstanding horizontal strabismus except congenital esotropes. Higher gain of good postoperative stereopsis was related to better visual acuity of the deviating eye and shorter duration of deviation.
Adult* ; Depth Perception* ; Humans ; Strabismus* ; Telescopes ; Visual Acuity

No abstract available.
Cerebellopontine Angle*

Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is the first step in metastasis and implicated in the phenotype of cancer stem cells. Therefore, understanding and controlling EMT, are essential to the prevention and cure of metastasis. In the present study, we examined, by Western blot, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and confocal microscopy, the effects of cardamonin (CDN) on transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1)-induced EMT of A549 lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. TGF-beta1 induced expression of N-cadherin and decreased expression of E-cadherin. CDN suppressed N-cadherin expression and restored E-cadherin expression. Further, TGF-beta1 induced migration and invasion of A549 cancer cells, which was suppressed by CDN. TGF-beta1 induced c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation during EMT, but CDN blocked it. Protein serine/threonine phosphatase 2A (PP2A) expression in A549 cancer cells was reduced by TGF-beta1 but CDN restored it. The overall data suggested that CDN suppresses TGF-beta1-induced EMT via PP2A restoration, making it a potential new drug candidate that controls metastasis.
Adenocarcinoma ; Blotting, Western ; Cadherins ; Cell Line ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition* ; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; Lung ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; Phenotype ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Protein Phosphatase 2* ; Reverse Transcription ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1

Placental mesenchymal dysplasia is a rare condition of pregnancy that present as macroscopic feature of molar change in the placenta and normal karyotype fetus, and has been reported at birth in 15 cases of Beckwith-Wiedmann syndrome and 25 cases of normal fetus in literatures. It may mimic the partial hydatidiform mole, but the mesenchymal dysplasia is different that it may be compatible with a normal fetus. A nulliparous woman was suspected to be a partial mole with a coexistent live fetus in gestational age of 14 weeks because of the partially cystic placenta on ultrasonography examination. She delivered a healthy female vaginally at 36+6 weeks of gestation and the histological examination of placenta established the diagnosis of mesenchymal stem villous dysplasia. We report here an unusual pregnancy.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Fetus ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Hydatidiform Mole ; Karyotype ; Molar ; Parturition ; Placenta* ; Pregnancy ; Ultrasonography

This study examined the dosimetric influence of implanted gold markers in proton therapy and the effects of their positions in the spread-out Bragg peak (SOBP) proton beam. The implanted cylindrical gold markers were 3 mm long and 1.2 mm in diameter. The dosimetric influence of the gold markers was determined with markers at various locations in a proton-beam field. Spatial dose distributions were measured using a three-dimensional moving water phantom and a stereotactic diode detector with an effective diameter of 0.5 mm. Also, a film dosimetry was performed using Gafchromic External Beam Treatment (EBT) film. The GEANT4 simulation toolkit was used for Monte-Carlo simulations to confirm the measurements and to construct the dose-volume histogram with implanting markers. Motion data were obtained from the portal images of 10 patients to investigate the effect of organ motions on the dosimetric influence of markers in the presence of a rectal balloon. The underdosed volume due to a single gold marker, in which the dose was less than 95% of a prescribed amount, was 0.15 cc. The underdosed volume due to the presence of a gold marker is much smaller than the target volume. However, the underdosed volume is inside the gross tumor volume and is not smeared out due to translational prostate motions. The positions of gold markers and the conditions of the proton-beam field give different impacts on the dose distribution of a target with implanted gold markers, and should be considered in all clinical proton-based therapies.
Film Dosimetry ; Humans ; Prostate ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Proton Therapy ; Protons ; Tumor Burden ; Water