PURPOSE: This study was conducted to examine the effects of jigsaw cooperative learning on the communication ability, problem solving ability, critical thinking disposition, self-directed learning ability and cooperation of nursing students.METHODS: A one-group, pre-post design was utilized with 92 nursing students as subjects. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and paired t-tests using SPSS/WIN 24.0.RESULTS: The scores on problem solving ability, self-directed learning ability and cooperation were significantly increased after the education intervention.CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that cooperation learning is an effective intervention for improving problem-solving, self-directed learning ability, and cooperation in nursing education.
Communication ; Education ; Education, Nursing ; Humans ; Learning ; Nursing ; Problem Solving ; Students, Nursing ; Thinking

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine relationships between academic achievement, clinical competence, and confidence in the clinical performance of nursing students, and to identify factors that influence them. Methods: This was a descriptive correlation study. Data were collected from 118 nursing students at a nursing college in Seoul. One-way variance analysis, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression analysis were used to examine relationships between academic achievement, clinical competence, and confidence in clinical performance. Results: Clinical competence was related to academic achievement in students’ previous semester and to students’ academic scores in a fundamental of nursing course. Clinical competence showed a weak positive correlation with academic achievement in students’ previous semester and academic scores in a fundamental of nursing course in both evaluations by the professor and students’ self-evaluations. However, confidence in clinical performance had no significant correlation with academic achievement. The factor affecting the clinical competence was academic scores in a fundamental of nursing course, and factors affecting confidence in clinical performance were health status, personality, major suitability, and class satisfaction in a fundamental of nursing skills course. Conclusion These findings indicate that students with high academic achievement have better clinical performance, but confidence in clinical performance is not related to academic achievement.

Purpose: This study examined the effects of virtual reality (VR)-based fundamental nursing education on nursing students’ knowledge of the hospital environment, academic self-efficacy, learning flow, educational satisfaction, and academic achievement. Methods: In total, 137 nursing students participated in this non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest study, with 69 and 68 in the experimental and control groups, respectively. Differences in the dependent variables between the two groups before and after the intervention were compared using the independent-sample t-test and Mann-Whitney U test. Results: The VR intervention group showed significantly higher knowledge of the hospital environment (t=3.88, p<.001), educational satisfaction (z=-3.82, p<.001), and academic achievement (z=-2.54, p=.011) than the control group. Conclusion These findings indicate that VR-based education is an effective intervention for improving knowledge of the hospital environment, educational satisfaction, and academic achievement in nursing education.

We experienced an unusual case of acute encephalopathy in a 4 month-old boy He was admitted to our hospital because of lethargy and seizures after preceding symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection a few days before admission. On admission, he was in semicomatous mental state with decorticated rigidity. Laboratory tests showed normal blood sugar, ammonia, and transaminase levels. CSF was acellular and sterile. Brain MRI in both 71 and 72 weighted-image showed high signal density in both thalami and caudate nucleus head. After recovery, neurologic sequales of developmental delay, mental retardation, right hemiplegia and seizure remained. We report a case of acute encephalopathy that have clinical course similar to Reye syndrome but have specific brain image.
Ammonia ; Blood Glucose ; Brain ; Caudate Nucleus ; Head ; Hemiplegia ; Humans ; Infant ; Intellectual Disability ; Lethargy ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; Reye Syndrome ; Seizures

We define acute respiratory failure(ARF) as present whenever the ratio of arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) and inspired oxygen concentrarion(FiO2) is below the normal predicted range for the patient's age and/or the arterial carbon dioxide tension(PaCO2) is above 45 in the absence of respiratory compention for metabolic alkalosis. Adult respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS) which is associated with shock, trauma, infection, inhalation of toxic gas, aspiration of gastric content and drugs etc, first received wide-spread attention in 1967. ARDS is a descriptive term that is characterized by a combination of refractory hypoxemia and severly decreased lung compliance. Numerous specific incidents or illnesses may be complicated by, or associated with ARDS. Early diagnosis and improvement in physiological therapy including PEEP therapy have been successful in treating the early and mild episodes of ARDS. This report describes three cases of ARF following anesthesia and reviews the literature.
Adult ; Alkalosis ; Anesthesia* ; Anoxia ; Carbon Dioxide ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans ; Inhalation ; Lung Compliance ; Oxygen ; Respiratory Insufficiency* ; Shock

BACKGROUND: This study aims to analyze quality of and satisfaction with Korea medical services and identify factors affecting medical service satisfaction, revisit, and recommendation intention among international patients. METHODS: Secondary analysis of survey data conducted by Korea Health Industry Development Institute from June 10th to July 17th in 2013 was done using multiple regression and logistic regression analysis. The 191 international patients from 9 medical institutions in Seoul were enrolled. RESULTS: The results showed that international patients were satisfied with 85.6 points out of 100.0 points. International patients appraised higher in staff service rather than other services. Factors influencing medical service satisfaction were gender, religion, medical specialty, length of stay, and quality of medical services. Quality of medical service explained 29.8% of medical service satisfaction and especially, ‘doctor's care’ and ‘communication and patient respect‘ were significantly related to medical service satisfaction. Medical specialty had a significant influence on revisit intention. There were no statistically significant influencing factors of recommendation intention. Additionally, more satisfied patients were associated with higher revisit and recommendation intention. CONCLUSION: This study implies that quality of medical services is a critical factor for patient satisfaction and that satisfaction with medical services is an important factor for increasing revisit and recommendation intention among international patients. In addition, health care providers should consider cultural differences to enhance satisfaction with medical services for international patients. Therefore, multidimensional strategy is required to strengthen the cultural competency of healthcare providers.
Cultural Competency ; Health Personnel ; Health Services ; Humans ; Intention* ; Korea* ; Length of Stay ; Logistic Models ; Patient Satisfaction ; Seoul

No abstract available.
Colon* ; Lymphangioma, Cystic*

BACKGROUND: The terminal destruction of the striatal dopaminergic axon can produce the retrograde degeneration of nigral dopaminergic neurons. An analyses of the postsynaptic dopamine D1 & D2 receptors and the DOPAC/DA level, revealed that this model mimics the early course of Parkinson's disease in humans. We evaluated the time course of the retrograde dopaminergic neuronal degeneration and the pattern of dopaminergic neuronal loss in the substantia nigra after various doses of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) injections in the striatum of rats. METHODS: Different doses of 6- OHDA (0.0, 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 ug/ul in 3.5 ul of saline) were unilaterally injected into the right striatum of rats using a stereotaxic frame. Structural and functional deficits were quantified and compared using apomorphine-induced rotations and tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive (TH-IR) cell numbers in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) at 3, 6, 9 weeks after lesioning. RESULTS: Striatal 6-OHDA lesions produced dose-dependent decreases in TH-IR cell numbers in SNpc at 3 weeks (-3.8%, 17.9%, 41.2%, 58.5%, 69.9% cell loss compared with the contralesional side respectively), where the ventrolateral portion of the SNpc were more affected. As time progressed, nigral cell loss was significantly increased in all dosage groups and the lesion extended to the medial side of the SNpc and the ventral tegmental area. Apomorphine-induced rotations did not correlate well with nigral TH-IR cell loss. CONCLUSIONS: Intrastriatal injections of 6-OHDA, results in time-dependent and dose-dependent progressive degeneration of nigral dopaminergic neurons. We conclude that this rat model can be useful for the evaluation of further neuroprotective and neurotrophic therapies.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Axons ; Cell Count ; Cell Death ; Dopamine* ; Dopaminergic Neurons ; Humans ; Models, Animal ; Oxidopamine* ; Parkinson Disease ; Rats* ; Retrograde Degeneration ; Substantia Nigra ; Tyrosine ; Ventral Tegmental Area

Preoxygenation is routine preior to induction of general anesthesia for the purpose of maintaining oxygenation during laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation. A common method of preoxygenation is 3~5 minutes of 100% O2 breathing. In some emergency states, ther may not be adequate time for a full 3~5 min of preoxygenation. REcently, Gold and some others showed that four maximally deep inspirations of 100% O2 within 30 seconds are as effective as 5 minutes of inhaltion of 100% O2 for increasing the PaO2. We compared the changes of arterial blood gas between a group which took deep breaths for 1 minute with 100% O2 and a group breathing spontaneously for 5 minutes with 100% O2.
Anesthesia, General ; Emergencies ; Humans ; Intubation ; Laryngoscopy ; Oxygen ; Respiration

No abstract available.
Lung*