PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to provide understanding of the meaning of 'Yangsaeng' through lived experience of the elderly who practiced Kouk-Sun-Do. METHODS: A hermeneutic phenomenological methodology developed by Max van Manen was adopted. The data were collected from the interviews and observations on the actual experience of 9 people who were over 65 years old and practiced Kouk-Sun-Do from August to December 2006. RESULTS: The essential themes were discovered as 'body in comfort', 'spouting vigor', 'improving selfconfidence', 'developing one's mind', 'setting oneself in order', 'being aware of the value of Kouk-Sun-Do', 'recognizing importance of value of getting along' CONCLUSION: Therefore, practicing "Kouk-Sun-Do" is a suitable exercise for the elderly, as an effective nursing interventions for improving the quality of life of older people.
Aged ; Humans ; Qualitative Research ; Quality of Life

PURPOSE: In this study the effects of an interpersonal relationship improvement program using MBTI on self-esteem, interpersonal relations, and mental health of company employees were examined. METHODS: Forty-three company employees in G City participated in a survey, which was carried out from September 18 to October 30, 2009. To test the effects of the interpersonal relationship improvement program using MBTI, the company employees were divided into two groups, an experimental group (20) and a control group (23). The research design used in this study was a nonequivalent control group pre-posttest quasi-experimental research design. The research tools included a self-esteem scale and an interpersonal relations scale, and a mental health scale. x2 test and t-test were used to analyze the data with the SPSS/WIN 14.0 program. RESULTS: Significant differences were found in self-esteem scores, interpersonal relations scores, and in scores for obsessive compulsiveness in mental health between the experimental group and the control group. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the interpersonal relationship improvement program using MBTI is a useful nursing intervention for improving the self-esteem and interpersonal relations and decreasing obsessive-compulsiveness in the mental health of company employees.
Interpersonal Relations* ; Mental Health* ; Nursing ; Research Design ; Self Concept

PURPOSE: In this study the effects of a Group Counseling Integration Program for students with a tendency to internet addiction were examined. METHODS: Thirty-seven students who were in a vocational high school in G city participated in a survey, which was carried out from October 12 to November 12, 2009. To test the effects of the Group Counseling Integration Program, the participants were divided into two groups, an experimental group (18) and a control group (19). The research design used in this study was a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized pre-posttest quasi-experimental research design. The research tools included a self-determination scale and an internet addiction scale. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test, t-test, and ANCOVA with the SPSS/WIN 14.0 program. RESULTS: Significant differences were found in self-determination scores and internet addiction scores between the experimental group and the control group (F=5.99, p=.020) (t=-2.53, p=.016). CONCLUSION: The results indicate that Group Counseling Integration Programs are an effective nursing intervention for improving self-determination and decreasing internet addiction in students with a tendency to internet addiction.
Adolescent ; *Behavior, Addictive ; *Counseling/standards ; Humans ; *Internet ; Personal Autonomy ; Program Evaluation ; Questionnaires ; Students/*psychology

PURPOSE: This study is to evaluate the effects of drug abuse prevention program for elementary school students. METHOD: The design of this study is nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The subjects of experimental group were 27 students and the subjects of control group were 25 students in fifth grade of elementary school in C City, Gyeongsangbuk-do. The experimental group had Drug Abuse Prevention Program, which was two days per week program, for 5 weeks. And post-test was carried out in the same way as the pre-test. Data analysis was done using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Chi-square test, t-test, Paired Samples t-test using with SPSS WIN 11.0. RESULT: the experimental group, to which drug abuse prevention program was given, was improved in knowledge of drug and unacceptable attitude of drug compared to the control group, but there were no significant differences of self-esteem and assertiveness between two groups. CONCLUSION: The drug abuse prevention program was effective to increase knowledge and attitude of drug in elementary school students.
Child ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; *School Health Services ; Substance-Related Disorders/*prevention & control

PURPOSE: This study examined relationships among stress, stress coping strategies, and somatization in mothers-in-law from multi-cultural families in a rural area. METHODS: Elderly mothers-in-law (n=227) living with foreign daughters-in-law completed a self-reporting questionnaire. Data were collected from April to August 2009. Questions related to stress (Visual Analog Scale, VAS), coping strategies (Coping Strategy Scale) for stress, and somatization (Symptom Check List 90, Revised). SPSS/WIN 12.0 program was used for descriptive analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analyses. RESULTS: Subjects had a moderate level of stress (5.03). There were significant differences in stress level according to age, educational level, religion, chronic disease, health status, number of children, agreement of an international marriage of her sons, satisfaction in living with a foreign daughter-in-law, and family conflict. Stress showed a significant positive correlation with offensive coping strategy, passive strategy, and somatization. Stress, offensive coping strategy, and passive coping strategy affected the level of somatization. CONCLUSION: In a family situation involving co-habitation of mother- and foreign daughter-in-law, increased stress experienced by the mother-in-law can lead to increased offensive and passive coping strategies, and increased somatization. More effective means of stress reduction are needed for mothers-in-law from multi-cultural families.
Adaptation, Psychological ; Aged ; Child ; Chronic Disease ; Family Conflict ; Humans ; Marriage ; Somatoform Disorders ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: This study examined family function and self-esteem among young and middle-aged adults with physical disabilities. METHODS: The subjects of this study consisted of 116 adults with physical disabilities. Data were collected from 4 Community rehabilitation centers in C area from October to November 2008. All subjects were questioned about family function and self-esteem by the APGAR scale and the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale. SPSS/WIN 12.0 was used for descriptive analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation. RESULTS: Subjects had a moderate level of family function (5.31) and self-esteem (28.13). There were significant differences of family function according to age, monthly income, economic status, and disability site. There were significant differences in self-esteem according to age, gender, monthly income, and economic status. The level of family function and income were related to self-esteem. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that there is a necessity to improve family function and self-esteem among young and middle-aged adults with physical disabilities. Nursing interventions should take into account the role of family function in promoting self-esteem in people with physical disabilities.
Adult ; Humans ; Rehabilitation Centers ; Self Concept

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to investigate the health behaviors and disease prevalence associated with high-risk drinking among Korean women and conduct risk factor analysis of high-risk drinking. METHODS: The 2012 Korea Community Health Survey (KCHS) was used to sample 59,522 adult women aged 19~64 age who had at least one drink during the previous one year. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, Chi-squared tests, and logistic regression. RESULTS: The results revealed that 19~44 year old, unmarried women - who had graduated high school were high as high-risk drinking. Moreover, smoking, depression and stress were many. Finally, multiple logistic analysis showed that age, marital status, education level, smoking and obesity were significantly related to high-risk drinking. CONCLUSIONS: When investigating factors influencing high-risk drinking, it is important to develop appropriate health promotion programs for women who exhibit high-risk drinking behavior. The results of this study will be useful to development of such programs.
Adult ; Depression ; Drinking Behavior ; Drinking* ; Education ; Female ; Health Behavior* ; Health Promotion ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Korea ; Logistic Models ; Marital Status ; Obesity ; Prevalence* ; Risk Factors* ; Single Person ; Smoke ; Smoking

PURPOSES: The purposes of this study were to examine knowledge related to child abuse, attitudes toward child abuse, and intention to report child abuse and to identify the predictors of nurses' intention to report child abuse. METHOD: A descriptive-correlational study was conducted. Participants were 171 nurses who worked in the pediatric or emergency rooms in G city. Self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Descriptive statistics, t-test or ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and stepwise multiple regression analysis were used for data analysis. RESULTS: Nurses had a limited knowledge related to child abuse. Nurses had negative attitudes toward child discipline, were inclined to punish the abuser, and had positive attitudes about professional responsibility for reporting child abuse. Nurses perceived difficulty in the actual behavior of reporting child abuse. Nurses' intention to report child abuse was predicted by nurses' attitudes to professional responsibility for reporting child abuse. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the findings of this study, educational programs need to be developed, implemented, and evaluated. The conclusion of this study is that supplementary education is needed for multidisciplinary decision making concerning the role of the nurses within the context of child abuse.Implications for nursing practice, education and research are discussed.
Child ; Child Abuse* ; Child* ; Data Collection ; Decision Making ; Education ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Humans ; Intention* ; Nursing ; Statistics as Topic ; Child Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: Recently, considering the large number of adolescents suffering from chronic illness, it is important to identify the factors affecting the quality of life (QoL) in order to develop intervention programs. METHODS: Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS 21.0. The general characteristics, psychosocial health status, and life satisfaction distributions of the participants were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. Cronbach's alpha coefficients were calculated to test the reliability of the instrument. The differences in psychosocial health status and life satisfaction according to gender were tested with t-test and Chi-square test. Additionally, multiple regression analysis was used to examine the effect of psychosocial health status on life satisfaction. RESULTS: The multiple regression analysis revealed that depression, ego resilience, and self-esteem were associated with the QoL in both male and female participants. Economic status, subjective health, peer attachment, and smart phone addiction were associated with the QoL in male participants, while exercise time during physical education classes, social withdrawal, and school adaptation were associated with the QoL in female participants. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that a health promotion program should be developed, which reflects gender differences, to improve the QoL of adolescents with chronic illness.
Adolescent ; Chronic Disease ; Depression ; Diagnostic Self Evaluation ; Ego ; Female ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Male ; Physical Education and Training ; Quality of Life ; Smartphone ; Social Class

PURPOSE: This study was done to identify predictive factors influencing suicide probability in Korean adolescents. METHODS: Participants in the study were 575 adolescents from 17 schools with quota sampling by each region in D city. The data were collected from October to November, 2010 using self-report questionnaires about interpersonal relationships and suicide probability (SPS) and analyzed using descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA with Scheffe of Post Hoc, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression analysis with SPSS/WIN 16.0 program. RESULTS: Suicide probability showed a significantly negative correlation for interpersonal relations with parents, friends and teachers. Interpersonal relationship with parents (p<.001) explained 32% of suicide probability, compared to relationships with peers or teachers, which together was accounted for 46% of the variance. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that interpersonal relationships with parents should be considered when adolescents suffer from suicidal thinking. Various effective strategies to improve relationships with parents are important to reduce suicide in adolescents.
Adolescent ; Friends ; Humans ; Interpersonal Relations ; Parents ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Suicide ; Thinking