The adenoid cystic carcinoma in the orbit is rare, but is the most common in the malignancy of the orbit. The clinical signs are proptosis with displacement of the globe downward and inward, limitation of ocular movements and diplopia. The diplopia and ocular pain is due to the tumor metastasis to the extraocular mescle and nerve sheath. The authors have experienced a case of adenoid cystic carcinoma in the right orbit in a 72-year-old man.
Adenoids* ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic* ; Diplopia ; Exophthalmos ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Orbit*

Small incision cataract surgery using phacoemulsification, self sealing, small diameter optics and foldable intraocular lenses has been developed. These small incisions are designed to minimize the astigmatism induced by the surgery. The 3.5mm clear corneal incision for the implantation of foldable silicone lense has been widely used. However, the implantation of a PMMA lense has been tried in spite of the longer incision required for the unfoldable PMMA lense. Generally, longer incision was believed to increase the risk of infection and induced asigmatism. In this study, we analyzed the results of clear corneal incision between injectable silicone IOLs and 5mm optic PMMA IOLs. In the early postoperative period(to 3 months) vector analysis showed less induced astigmatism in the 3.5mm group than that in the 5.1mm group. The corrected visual acuity during the postoperative period was not diffrent between two groups. The posterior capsular fibrosis in 3.5mm silicone IOLs was more common than that in 5mm PMMA IOLs.
Astigmatism ; Cataract* ; Fibrosis ; Lenses, Intraocular ; Phacoemulsification ; Polymethyl Methacrylate ; Postoperative Period ; Silicones ; Visual Acuity

Acute infarction in the whole territory of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) can lead to massive cerebral edema, raised intracranial pressure and cerebral herniation which may result in come and death ultimately. There are same reports which mentioned that craniectomy or stroketomy was an effective life-saving procedure and favorable outcome would be expected after the procedure. In this study, the effect of decompressive partial temporal lobectomy was evaluated in twelve patients of extensive panhemispheric infarction of middle cerebral artery(MCA). We investigated radiologically proven patients of extensive panhemispheric infarction of MCA with impending herniation process, who were admitted to our hospital from March 1991 to June 1996, prospectively and retrospectively. Decompressive partial temporal lobectomy was performed in twelve patients and eighteen patients were treated by only conventional medical treatment(control group). Prognosis were compared between two groups to analyse the effect of the decompressive lobectomy. Fourteen out of the 18 controls(78%) and five out of 12 patients who were treated by decompressive lobectomy(41%) expired due to herniation process. The mortality between two groups was significantly different(P(0.05). Four patient had relatively good outcome(by Barthel index score) and all of them belonged to the decompressive lobectomy group. These results suggest that the decompressive lobectomy be an effective life saving procedure for malignant cerebral edema after a total MCA infarction.
Brain Edema ; Humans ; Infarction* ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery ; Intracranial Pressure ; Middle Cerebral Artery* ; Mortality ; Prognosis ; Prospective Studies ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUND: Tumor microenvironment has recently drawn attention in that it is related with tumor prognosis. Cancer-associated fibroblast also plays a critical role in cancer invasiveness and progression in colorectal cancers. Periostin (POSTN), originally identified to be expressed in osteoblasts and osteoblast-derived cells, is expressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts in several tissue types of cancer. Recent studies suggest an association between stromal overexpression of POSTN and poor prognosis of cancer patients. METHODS: We analyzed colorectal cancer cases for their expression status of POSTN in tumor stroma using immunohistochemistry and correlated the expression status with clinicopathological and molecular features. RESULTS: High level of POSTN expression in tumor stroma was closely associated with tumor location in proximal colon, infiltrative growth pattern, undifferentiated histology, tumor budding, luminal necrosis, and higher TNM stage. High expression status of POSTN in tumor stroma was found to be an independent prognostic parameter implicating poor 5-year cancer-specific survival and 5-year progression-free survival. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that POSTN overexpression in tumor stroma of colorectal cancers could be a possible candidate marker for predicting poor prognosis in patients with colorectal cancers.
Colon ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Disease-Free Survival ; Fibroblasts ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Necrosis ; Osteoblasts ; Phenobarbital ; Prognosis ; Tumor Microenvironment

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare the short and long-term outcomes following carotid endarterectomy (CEA) with either primary closure (PC) or patch angioplasty (PAT) performed by single center vascular surgeons. METHODS: Between November 1994 and March 2008, a total of 366 patients underwent 401 consecutive primary CEA procedures at our institution. We retrospectively reviewed patients' medical records. Two vascular surgeons prefer routine PC and one vascular surgeon prefer routine patch closure using bovine pericardial patch. Postoperative neurologic complications were determined by clinical neurologists. Restenosis was defined as >50% stenosis on follow-up duplex scan. Data was analyzed to compare the early (< or =30 days) and late results of CEA between PC group and PAT group. RESULTS: The mean follow-up duration was significantly longer in the PC group than that in the PAT group (61.7 months vs. 41.2 months, P<0.001). Coronary artery disease and combined CEA with coronary artery bypass were more common in the PAT group (39% vs. 55%, P<0.002; 4% vs. 12%, P<0.004). Perioperative ipsilateral TIA/stroke rates in the PC and PAT groups were 1.5% and 0.7% (PC=4/270 vs. PAT=1/131, P=0.564). Regarding late outcomes, Kaplan-Meier analysis failed to show any difference between 2 groups on freedom from ipsilateral transient ischemic attack (TIA)/stroke, freedom from restenosis and TIA/stroke-free survival (P=0.851, P=0.232, P=0.103, log-rank test). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that PC following CEA is not necessarily inferior to PAT for experienced surgeons.
Angioplasty ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Endarterectomy, Carotid ; Follow-Up Studies ; Freedom ; Humans ; Ischemic Attack, Transient ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Medical Records ; Retrospective Studies

Chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL) is a rare myeloproliferative disorder characterized by clonal proliferation of mature neutrophils, hepatosplenomegaly, elevated leukocyte alkaline phosphatase score (ALP score) and a negative Philadelphia chromosome. To date, approximately 150 cases have been reported in the literature, including some cases presenting with a 'leukemic' state reflected by a neutrophilic reaction. The term 'true' CNL, recently introduced by Reilly, highlights the need for more experience with CNL cases to improve the diagnostic criteria. In Korea, about 10 cases have been reported in the literature and some of those cases did not meet the WHO diagnostic criteria for CNL. We present a typical case of CNL in a 66-year-old man who complained of general weakness and weight loss. On admission, the white blood cell count from the peripheral blood was 175,600/L with 80% segmented neutrophils. The cytogenic study was negative for the Philadelphia chromosome and had a normal karyotype.
Aged ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; Humans ; Karyotype ; Korea ; Leukemia, Neutrophilic, Chronic* ; Leukocyte Count ; Leukocytes ; Myeloproliferative Disorders ; Neutrophils ; Philadelphia Chromosome ; Weight Loss

Ticlopidine is an antiplatelet agent used as a drug to prevent the recurrence of cerebral infarction or ischemic heart disease. Close attention has recently been paid to the superiority of this drug to aspirin in the prevention of stroke. Its mechanism of action differs from aspirin, dipyridamole, and sulfinpyrazone. Inhibition of the adenosine diphosphate induced pathway of platelet aggregation, along with the activation of adenylate cyclase and suppression of platelet-activating factor and thromboxane A2, are the postulated mechanisms of action of ticlopidine. Because ticlopidine causes neutropenia and agranulocytosis in roughly 1% of treated patients, usually within the first 3 months of treatment, this drug has been reserved for patients intolerant to aspirin therapy. We reported two cases of ticlopidine-induced neutropenia and one patient hospitalized with severe neutropenia and pneumonia.
Adenosine Diphosphate ; Adenylyl Cyclases ; Agranulocytosis ; Aspirin ; Cardiovascular Diseases* ; Cerebral Infarction ; Dipyridamole ; Humans ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Neutropenia* ; Platelet Aggregation ; Pneumonia ; Recurrence ; Stroke ; Sulfinpyrazone ; Thromboxane A2 ; Ticlopidine

Ticlopidine is an antiplatelet agent used as a drug to prevent the recurrence of cerebral infarction or ischemic heart disease. Close attention has recently been paid to the superiority of this drug to aspirin in the prevention of stroke. Its mechanism of action differs from aspirin, dipyridamole, and sulfinpyrazone. Inhibition of the adenosine diphosphate induced pathway of platelet aggregation, along with the activation of adenylate cyclase and suppression of platelet-activating factor and thromboxane A2, are the postulated mechanisms of action of ticlopidine. Because ticlopidine causes neutropenia and agranulocytosis in roughly 1% of treated patients, usually within the first 3 months of treatment, this drug has been reserved for patients intolerant to aspirin therapy. We reported two cases of ticlopidine-induced neutropenia and one patient hospitalized with severe neutropenia and pneumonia.
Adenosine Diphosphate ; Adenylyl Cyclases ; Agranulocytosis ; Aspirin ; Cardiovascular Diseases* ; Cerebral Infarction ; Dipyridamole ; Humans ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Neutropenia* ; Platelet Aggregation ; Pneumonia ; Recurrence ; Stroke ; Sulfinpyrazone ; Thromboxane A2 ; Ticlopidine

The ketogenic diet (KD) has been used to treat intractable childhood epilepsy. However, its mechanism of action remains unknown. In the present study, we examined the effects of KD on the expression of multiple constituents of the GABAergic system in the hippocampus through immunohistochemistry and northern blot analysis. From the results, we have shown that KD increased expression of GABA and decreased GABA transporter1 (GABATp) and GABA transaminase (GABA-T) mRNA levels in the hippocampus. These results suggest that the neuroinhibitory effect of KD may be mediated, at least in part, by the increment of GABAergic activity in the hippocampus. KD may increase the GABA levels in the synaptic space by limiting GABA reuptake and in the presynaptic nerve terminal by inhibiting GABA degradation.
4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase ; Animals ; Blotting, Northern ; Epilepsy ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid* ; Glutamate Dehydrogenase ; Hippocampus* ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ketogenic Diet* ; Mice* ; RNA, Messenger

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the prognostic impact of intratumoral Fusobacterium nucleatum in colorectal cancer (CRC) treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. METHODS: F. nucleatum DNA was quantitatively measured in a total of 593 CRC tissues retrospectively collected from surgically resected specimens of stage III or high-risk stage II CRC patients who had received curative surgery and subsequent oxaliplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy (either FOLFOXor CAPOX). Each case was classified into one of the three categories: F. nucleatum–high, –low, or –negative. RESULTS: No significant differences in survival were observed between the F.nucleatum–high and –low/negative groups in the 593 CRCs (p = .671). Subgroup analyses according to tumor location demonstrated that disease-free survival was significantly better in F.nucleatum–high than in –low/negative patients with non-sigmoid colon cancer (including cecal, ascending, transverse, and descending colon cancers; n = 219; log-rank p = .026). In multivariate analysis, F. nucleatum was determined to be an independent prognostic factor in non-sigmoid colon cancers (hazard ratio, 0.42; 95% confidence interval, 0.18 to 0.97; p = .043). Furthermore, the favorable prognostic effect of F. nucleatum–high was observed only in a non-microsatellite instability-high (non-MSI-high) subset of non-sigmoid colon cancers (log-rank p = 0.014), but not in a MSI-high subset (log-rank p = 0.844), suggesting that the combined status of tumor location and MSI may be a critical factor for different prognostic impacts of F. nucleatum in CRCs treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: Intratumoral F. nucleatum load is a potential prognostic factor in a non-MSI-high/non-sigmoid/non-rectal cancer subset of stage II/III CRCs treated with oxaliplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy.
Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Colon, Descending ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Disease-Free Survival ; DNA ; Fusobacterium nucleatum ; Fusobacterium ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Humans ; Microsatellite Instability ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Multivariate Analysis ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies