1.The Effect of Desflurane on Myocardial Contractility and Coronary Flow in Isolated Rat Hearts.
Mi Gyeong LEE ; You Seong JEONG ; Myoung Hoon KONG ; Suk Min YOON ; Young Seok CHOI ; Sang Ho LIM
Korean Journal of Anesthesiology 1998;35(5):825-830
Background: Desflurane, a fluorinated methyl-ethyl ether, has some advantageous properties including low blood solubility, stability in soda lime, and resistance to biodegradation. Desflurane in vivo has demonstrated myocardial depressant property. The purpose of this study was to test the direct effects of desflurane on myocardial contractile function and coronary flow in the isolated heart. Methods: Twelve isolated rat hearts were continuously perfused with modified Krebs solution containing 6, 9 and 12 vol% of desflurane for 10 min at each concentration. Systolic left ventricular pressure and rate of change of ventricular pressure (dp/dt) were measured. Heart rate and coronary flow were also measured. To differentiate direct vasodilatory effect of desflurane from an indirect metabolic effect due to autoregulation of coronary flow, oxygen delivery, myocardial oxygen consumption and percent oxygen extraction were calculated. Results: Heart rate (control 266+/-22 beats/min) decreased to 250+/-23 beats/min at 6 vol%, 236+/-26 beats/min at 9 vol% and 223+/-22 beats/min at 12 vol% of desflurane. Systolic left ventricular pressure and dp/dt decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. In spite of decrement of myocardial oxygen consumption, coronary flow (control 12.0+/-1.2 ml/min) increased to 12.8+/-1.6 ml/min at 6 vol%, 12.9+/-1.6 ml/min at 9 vol% and 13.7+/-1.4 ml/min at 12 vol% of desflurane. Oxygen delivery increased proportionally with coronary flow. Percent oxygen extraction decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusion: These results suggest that desflurane has a direct myocardial depressing and coronary vasodilating effect in a concentration-dependent manner.
Animals
;
Ether
;
Heart Rate
;
Heart*
;
Homeostasis
;
Oxygen
;
Oxygen Consumption
;
Rats*
;
Solubility
;
Ventricular Pressure
2.Computational Quantification of the Cardiac Energy Consumption during Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumping Using a Cardiac Electromechanics Model.
Ki Moo LIM ; Jeong Sang LEE ; Min Soo GYEONG ; Jae Sung CHOI ; Seong Wook CHOI ; Eun Bo SHIM
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2013;28(1):93-99
To quantify the reduction in workload during intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) therapy, indirect parameters are used, such as the mean arterial pressure during diastole, product of heart rate and peak systolic pressure, and pressure-volume area. Therefore, we investigated the cardiac energy consumption during IABP therapy using a cardiac electromechanics model. We incorporated an IABP function into a previously developed electromechanical model of the ventricle with a lumped model of the circulatory system and investigated the cardiac energy consumption at different IABP inflation volumes. When the IABP was used at inflation level 5, the cardiac output and stroke volume increased 11%, the ejection fraction increased 21%, the stroke work decreased 1%, the mean arterial pressure increased 10%, and the ATP consumption decreased 12%. These results show that although the ATP consumption is decreased significantly, stroke work is decreased only slightly, which indicates that the IABP helps the failed ventricle to pump blood efficiently.
Adenosine Triphosphate/*metabolism
;
Arterial Pressure
;
Cardiac Output
;
Heart Failure/pathology
;
Heart Rate
;
Humans
;
*Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumping
;
*Models, Theoretical
;
Stroke Volume
;
Ventricular Function, Left
3.Effects of prebiotics in combination with probiotics on intestinal hydrolase activity, microbial population and immunological biomarkers in SD rats fed an AIN-93G diet
Min-Jeong KIM ; Dong-Gyeong JEON ; Yong LIM ; Insurk JANG
Laboratory Animal Research 2022;38(3):149-158
Background:
Gastrointestinal microbiota, which comprises hundreds of different types of microbes, biologically plays crucial roles in the host’s health. Probiotics (PRO) did not always have a positive benefit on the host, depending on strains of microbes and the physiochemical properties of prebiotics (PRE), indicating that the properties of PRE in combination with PRO might have different effects on the gut ecology. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of insoluble or soluble PRE with PRO on intestinal digestive hydrolase, the fecal microbes, and immunological biomarkers in SD rats fed an AIN-93G diet.
Results:
Forty, 8-week-old SD rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups with 10 replicates in each; cellulose (CELL), cellulose + probiotics (CELPRO), oatmeal (OATS), and oatmeal + probiotics (OATPRO) groups. After 4-week feeding trial, rats were treated with saline or lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 mg/kg) to examine the alleviating effects of PRO and PRE on immunological responses. There was a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in feed intake of rats fed the oatmeal supplemented diet without affecting growth performance. Blood triglyceride was significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in rats fed the oatmeal diet, and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in rats fed the PRO supplemented diet. Intestinal maltase, sucrose, and lactase activities were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in rats fed PRO compared with rats not fed PRO. Rats fed the oatmeal showed a significant (p < 0.01) increase in the fecal colony forming units (CFU) of Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus subtilis, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae compared with those fed cellulose. LPS-treated rats fed PRO showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in blood secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) compared with those not fed PRO. The LPS-treated rats fed PRO resulted in decreased (p < 0.05) blood IL-6 compared with those not fed PRO, indicating that a dietary PRO alleviated inflammatory response in LPS-treated rats.
Conclusions
Dietary oatmeal increased fecal microbes, and PRO supplement resulted in increased intestinal hydrolase and immune functions of the host, demonstrating that soluble PRE with supplemented with PRO could be a more bioactive combination of synbiotics in SD rats.
4.Enhancement of Graft-versus-leukemia Effects by Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Mixed Chimerisim after a Murine Non-myeloablative Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.
Ji Young LIM ; Bo Gyeong KIM ; Seol Kyung MOON ; Chang Ki MIN
Korean Journal of Hematology 2008;43(4):219-231
BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may be useful for reducing graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). The GVHD and a graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect are inversely related. We therefore wanted to determine whether MSCs can preserve the GVL effect following experimental allo-HSCT. METHODS: After non-myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (NM-HSCT) using C57BL/6 (H-2b)-->B6D2F1 (H-2b/d), some mice received donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) for induction of GVL effects by virtue of complete chimerism (CC), while the other groups did not receive DLI with persistence of mixed chimerism (MC). All mice were inoculated subcutaneously with P815 tumor cells and were intravenously treated with either donor MSCs or diluents. RESULTS: Between the DLI-treated groups with CC, tumor-related deaths and tumor growths were comparable irrespective to the infusion of MSCs. On the contrary, among mice without DLI which showed MC, the administration of MSCs significantly delayed tumor-related deaths compared to those without the administration of MSCs (50-day percent survival, 54.5% vs. 18.1%, P=0.0225). In the MC animals, tumor growth seemed to be more delayed in the mice injected with MSCs than in the controls (P=0.09). Donor MSCs injection was associated with increased donor effector/memory CD62L- T cells in MC but not in CC. CONCLUSION: In spite of the observed immunosuppressive effects of donor MSCs, our results indicate that the GVL effects were not influenced by the injection of MSCs but that under a given condition such as MC, the injection of donor MSCs could result in enhanced GVL effects.
Animals
;
Chimerism
;
Graft vs Host Disease
;
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
;
Hematopoietic Stem Cells
;
Humans
;
Lymphocytes
;
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells
;
Mice
;
T-Lymphocytes
;
Tissue Donors
;
Virtues
5.Up-to-Date Knowledge on Osteoporosis Treatment Selection in Postmenopausal Women
Hye Gyeong JEONG ; Min Kyung KIM ; Hee Jeung LIM ; Seul Ki KIM
Journal of Menopausal Medicine 2022;28(3):85-91
The concept of a super-aged society has led to a steady increase in the average lifespan and hence, interest in a healthy life has increased. Aging is a major risk factor for many diseases, including osteoporosis. Osteoporotic fractures have a significant impact on the quality of life of the elderly and hence, it is pivotal to provide effective treatment of osteoporosis after menopause. Osteoporosis requires proper management and the treatment must be centered on long-term goals. New drugs with diverse mechanisms have been developed for treating osteoporosis. Current management of osteoporosis generally focuses on the importance of risk-based strategies to maximize the effectiveness of existing treatments and mitigate potential negative side-effects. Additionally, there is a need for sequential treatment of osteoporosis in the future. This review discusses the dynamic strategies for osteoporosis treatment and the importance of long-term management in postmenopausal women.
6.Effects of Different Types of Ramen Sauce on Bovine Tooth Discoloration
Ha-Eun KIM ; Hee-Jung LIM ; Hyeon-Gyeong NOH ; Hye-Min BAE ; Hye-Young LEE ; Do-Seon LIM
Journal of Dental Hygiene Science 2023;23(1):20-28
Background:
This study aimed to determine the effect of ramen sauce on tooth tone changes over time, after selecting three different ramen colors from the ramens sold in the market, and applying the sauce to bovine teeth.
Methods:
Healthy bovine teeth were selected, and cutting discs were used to produce 60 specimens (5×5×3 mm), with 15 specimens distributed per county. Three types of ramen (buldak, chacharoni black bean sauce, and ottogi curry noodle) were used as the experimental group, and water was used as the negative control group. Tooth tone measurement was performed using a spectrophotometer (CM-700d) to measure the color before and after 1 (3 h 44 min), 2 (7 h 28 min), 3 (11 h 12 min), and 4 weeks (14 h 56 min). Analysis of the color tone change was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 28.
Results:
In the experimental group, there was a significant color tone change before and after immersion. L* indicated the largest change in black bean sauce ramen, a* indicated buldak ramen, and b* indicated the largest change in curry ramen. The amount of color change (ΔE*) was the largest in curry ramen, followed by buldak and black bean sauce ramens. The results of the post-hoc analysis showed significant differences between all groups except buldak and black bean sauce ramens.
Conclusion
All three types of ramen revealed significant color change before and after immersion, and curry ramen showed the largest amount of color change among them.
7.Evaluation of the Cell-Mediated Immunity in Treatment Failure Pulmonary Tuberculosis.
Jeong Kyu PARK ; Jang Seo PARK ; Hwa Jung KIM ; Eun Gyeong JO ; Dullei MIN ; Jae Hyun LIM ; Ji Won SUHR ; Tae Hyun PAIK
Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 1999;47(1):13-25
BACKGROUND: Ineffective cell-mediated immune response in human tuberculosis is associated with a depressed Th1 cytokine response and reduced production of IFN-gamma. Most persons infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis are healthy tuberculin reactors with protective immunity, but a minority with ineffective immunity develop extensive pulmonary tuberculosis. The cell-mediated immune response is an important aspect of host resistance to mycobacterial infection and is believed to be tightly regulated by a balance between Th1 cytokines including IFN-gamma IL-12, IL-18, regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) and Th2 counterparts such as IL-4, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). METHODS: Proliferation and mRNA expression of IFN-gamma RANTES and MCP-1 by RT-PCR in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in response to in vitro stimulation with mycobacterial antigens were compared in pulmonary tuberculosis patients with cured and treatment failure and in tuberculin-positive and tuberculin-negative healthy subjects. RESULTS: Defective proliferative responsiveness to aqueous TSP antigen was involved with treatment failure tuberculosis patients. Aqueous TSP antigen-induced IFN-gamma and RANTES mRNA expression was decreased in treatment failure tuberculosis patients compared with healthy tuberculin reactors and cured tuberculosis patients (23.1% versus 90.0% for IFN-gamma and 46.2% versus 70.0% versus 46.2% for RANTES). The frequency of MCP-1 mRNA expression to aqueous TSP antigen in treatment failure tuberculosis patients was greater than in healthy tuberculin reactors and cured tuberculosis patients (76.9% versus 40.0%). CONCLUSION: The increasing expression of MCP-1 mRNA in response to aqueous TSP antigen might be predicted to favor Th2 responses and restricted Th1 responses in treatment failure of pulmonary tuberculosis.
Chemokine CCL2
;
Chemokine CCL5
;
Cytokines
;
Humans
;
Immunity, Cellular*
;
Interleukin-12
;
Interleukin-18
;
Interleukin-4
;
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
;
RNA, Messenger
;
Treatment Failure*
;
Tuberculin
;
Tuberculosis
;
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary*
8.Brain Abscess Developed on the Lesion Site of Previous Ischemic Stroke.
Sun Hye JUNG ; Su Jin LEE ; So Young BYUN ; Min Gyeong JUNG ; Hye Lim KIM ; Jae Hoon CHOI ; Mi Sun OH ; Byung Chul LEE
Journal of the Korean Neurological Association 2010;28(1):33-35
Brain abscess following ischemic stroke is a very rare and dangerous condition that can have catastrophic results, and thus requires urgent and comprehensive evaluation. We report a case of a patient with brain abscess that developed at the lesion site of a previous cerebral infarction. The disruption of the blood-brain barrier in the infarcted lesion might facilitate abscess formation, making it a preferred target for infectious agents.
Abscess
;
Blood-Brain Barrier
;
Brain
;
Brain Abscess
;
Brain Infarction
;
Cerebral Infarction
;
Humans
;
Stroke
9.Analysis of NF-κB and Clinical Prognostic Factors in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.
Young LEE ; Jeonghyouk CHOI ; Dong Gi LEE ; Koo Han YOO ; Gyeong Eun MIN ; Hyung Lae LEE ; Kyu Yeoun WON ; Sung Jig LIM
Korean Journal of Urological Oncology 2016;14(2):63-68
PURPOSE: A multi-subunit transcription factor NF-κB is associated with anti-apoptotic signals in several cancers including renal cell carcinoma (RCC). In this study, we investigated whether the expression levels of the NF-κB were related to the clinical properties of human renal cell carcinoma such as nuclear grade, TNM stage, and recurrence free survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients who were diagnosed with clear cell RCC between January 2006 and February 2013 were included. Clinicopathological data and survival were investigated. The expressions of NF-κB were investigated by performing immunohistochemical staining on 61 clear cell RCC. The expression levels of NF-κB were divided two groups by the expression levels. RESULTS: Results on the expression of NF-κB were not significant. Analysis of NF-κB expressions is not associated with any of the clinical properties including age, nuclear grade and TNM stage (p=0.613, p=0.059, p=0.107, p=0.570, and p=0.760, respectively). Also, a statistically correlation was not observed between recurrence free survival and NF-κB expression levels (p=0.573). CONCLUSIONS: The expressions of the NF-κB were not associated with the clinical properties of clear cell RCC such as age, nuclear grade, TNM stage, and recurrence free survival.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell*
;
Humans
;
Immunohistochemistry
;
Prognosis
;
Recurrence
;
Transcription Factors
10.A Primary Duodenal Angiosarcoma with Lung and Bone Metastases: A Case Report and Literature Review.
Jae Hyun PARK ; Jongha PARK ; Min Sung KIM ; Jong Won YU ; Gi Jung JEON ; Sung Nam LIM ; Woo Gyeong KIM
Korean Journal of Medicine 2015;89(2):201-205
An angiosarcoma is a rare soft-tissue neoplasm that develops anywhere in the body, and most commonly presents cutaneously in elderly white males, involving the head and neck, particularly the scalp. The neoplasm occurs only very rarely in the gastrointestinal tract. A patient was initially admitted to our hospital for treatment of dyspnea and hemoptysis. Both lungs contained multiple nodules, and a computed tomography (CT)-guided lung biopsy was performed. Endogastroduodenoscopy used to evaluate the anemia revealed a duodenal polypoid tumor. Microscopic examination showed that the tumor was a primary angiosarcoma of the duodenum with metastasis to the lung. In addition, positron emission tomography/CT revealed metastasis to the femur and the pelvic bone. Thus, we report a case of primary duodenal angiosarcoma with metastases to the lung and bone.
Aged
;
Anemia
;
Biopsy
;
Duodenal Neoplasms
;
Duodenum
;
Dyspnea
;
Electrons
;
Femur
;
Gastrointestinal Tract
;
Head
;
Hemangiosarcoma*
;
Hemoptysis
;
Humans
;
Lung*
;
Male
;
Neck
;
Neoplasm Metastasis*
;
Pelvic Bones
;
Scalp