The neurenteric cyst with associated anomalies is the result of an ectoentodermal communication that exists during embryogenesis. The variety of lesions include intraspinal cysts, congenital vertebral deformities, thoracic cyst, malformations of the digestive tract, and occasionally, dysrhaphias of the sinodermal or myelomeningocele type. A case of intraspinal neurenteric cyst in a 3-year-old boy is presented. He presented with cyclic abdominal pain, fever and constipation of 30 days' duration. These symptoms progressed rapidly into gait disturbance and left hemiplegia. A single epithelial cyst, located ventral to the spinal cord in the lower thoracic region, traversed the cleft of spina bifida of thoracic vertebrae and connected to retromediastinal cyst. The inner cyst wall was lined with pseudostratified ciliated epithelia and a few squamous cells. The cyst wall contained well-developed muscle coat, myenteric plexuses, and scattered seromucinous glands.
Cysts

It has been well known that liver cirrhosis, regardless of its etiology, is an important predisposing factor in hepatocarcinogenesis. However, the type of cirrhosis in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)-bearing liver varies not only by geographic areas but also with the cirteria applied for morphological classification of cirrhosis. To elucidate the relationship between the nodule size of HCC-bearing cirrhotic liver and clinicopathologic features, we measured cirrhotic nodule areas of 49 surgically resected HCC cases using image analyzer. The morphological type of cirrhosis was predominantly macronodular(49%), and followed by mixed(37%) and micronodular(14%). Seventy percent of the cases showed seropositivity for HBsAg. The average area of cirrhotic nodules was significantly larger in HBsAg-positive cases(mean: 6.14 mm2) than that of HBsAg-negative cases(mean: 2.5 mm2)(p<0.05), and their size was bigger in cases with grossly expansile pattern of HCC than those cases with infiltrative ones(p<0.05). Based on the above findings, we assume that seropositivity of HBsAg may influence on the regenerative activity of cirrhotic nodules and also subsequent increase of risk for further development of HCC. The presence of cirrhohsis and nodule size seem to be the important contributing factors to determine the growing patterns of HCC.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular

Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach has been designated to a primary gastric adenocarcinoma with minimum criteria of elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein and its histological resemblance to neoplastic liver cells. Of the 1,500 consecutive cases of surgically resected gastric carcinomas during a period of 4 years, we retrieved 14 cases of adenocarcinoma which met the histologic features of hepatoid growth and compared them histologically with 400 consecutive cases of non-hepatoid gastric adenocarcinomas. The patient's age ragned from 32 to 80 years(non-hepatoid group: 25 to 81 years) and their male to female ratio was 3.7 : 1(non-hepatoid group: 1.8 : 1). Grossly, five case were Borrmann type II and another five cases type III. All three cases of early gastric carcinomas were the submucosal type IIc. The remaining one was an advanced gastric carcinoma mimicking early gastric carcinoma. Microscopically, the hepatoid portions varied in growing patterns and arranged in either compact, trabecular or pseudoglandular pattern and gave an immunoreactivity to alpha-fetoprotein and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin. Regardless of the tumor stage, the hepatoid areas were located in the deeper portion of the tumor mass and grew in an expanding/nodular pattern. The associated adenocarcinomatous areas were mostly papillotubular, moderately to well differentiated, and frequently revealed clear PAS-negative cytoplasm reminiscent of the differentiated embryonal carcinoma. Tumor emboli and nodal metastasis were the frequent associations. We assume that the hepatoid adenocarcinoma may develop from gastric'adenocarcinoma through embryonal carcinomatous growth.
Female ; Male ; Humans ; Adenocarcinoma ; Neoplasm Metastasis

A 56-year-old man received subtotal gastrectomy for an early gastric carcinoma type IIa+IIc with submucosal invasion. The tumor was made up of mixed papillo-tubular adenocarcinoma and solid carcinomatous portion, the latter comprising approximately four-fifths of the total tumor mass. The solid portion was confined within the submucosa and revealed a mixture of trabecular, compact and pelioid patterns of large polyhedra cells, resembling hepatocellular carcinoma of the liver(Edmondson-Steiner grade 2). Sinusoid-like vascular stroma of classical trabecular hepatocellular carcinoma intervened the tumor cell nests but was not associated with endothelial-cell lining. Immunohistochemical stainings with alpha-fetoprotein and alpha1-antitrypsin gave a strong reactivity in those areas of hepatoid differentiation and in the adjacent minute portion of adenocarcinoma. The findings suggest that a portion of gastric carcinoma may transdifferentiate into cells with hepatoid features along the line of endodermal lineage.
Male ; Humans ; Adenocarcinoma ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular

An intraparotid benign lymphoepithelial cyst is a rare disease characterized by unilateral painless swelling of parotid region. The histogenesis is controversial. Surgical excision is recommended for diagnosis and curative treatment. We present a case of benign lymphoepithelial cyst arising in a patient with neurofibromatosis. A 46-year-old woman presented with a slowly growing multilocular cystic mass in the left cheek. The cystic mass measured 4 cm in maximal outer diameter and the cystic wall was thick and yellowish pale to gray, soft with well circumscribed margin. Microscopically, the multilocular cyst was lined by stratified squamous epithelium for the most part and underlying lymphoid tissue aggregates with follicles and sharply demarcated from adjacent salivary parenchyma which is of normal appearance and without lymphoid aggregates. Since this lesion is absolutely benign, it is important to separate this benign cyst from cystic salivary gland tumors.
Female ; Humans ; Cysts

There have been some controversies on prognostic significance of lymph node (LN) micrometastasis (MM) in advanced gastric carcinomas (AGCs). The present study aimed at 1) determination of prognostic significance of MM, 2) evaluation of the relationship between MM and clinicopathological parameters, and 3) determination of LN group where MMs were frequently found. We studied 70 cases of AGC without LN metastasis on initial examination. The tumors were examined for location, size, depth of invasion, differentiation, histologic type, lymphatic invasion, and c-erbB-2 expression. To evaluate MM, pancytokeratin immunohistochemistry was performed in all LNs from 70 cases of AGCs. Among 2,203 dissected LNs from 70 patients, 37 (1.6%) LNs from 19 (27.1%) patients revealed MM. Micrometastases were seen in only group 1 and 2 LNs: none had group 3 and 4 LN involvement. The gender, age, tumor size, location of tumor, histologic type, differentiation, depth of invasion, lymphatic invasion, and c-erbB-2 expression were not significantly associated with MM status. The survival time of the MM-positive group (mean: 62 months) was significantly shorter than that of the MM-negative group (mean: 72 months) (p=0.046). The findings of this study indicate that the presence of MM in LNs is an important prognostic factor in AGC patients.
Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Keratins ; Lymph Nodes* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm Micrometastasis*

From March in 1991, central photorefractive keratectomy(CPRK) have performed to correct the 700 myopic eyes. With the example of 310 eyes posibly observed over 6 months after CPRK, studed whether it was corrected by retrospective examining. Especilly in the study of 150 patients collected by answering sheet then studied how discomfort they took through complication, and analyzed the cause of change and Indivisual degree of sansfaction with their myopic degree and postoperative permd. This study led to a conclusion that the milder myopia and the longer postoperative period, the more patients sansfaction increased. This is because the change of refractive power become stable and corneal haze decresase with time, Futhermore we dunk that corneal haze and regression occur more frequently in higher myopla, The CPRK is promising surgical treatment for patients with higher myopia but considerable further investigation and longer-term studies are needed to increase satisfaction.
Glare ; Humans ; Lasers, Excimer* ; Myopia ; Postoperative Period ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVES: This research was done to identify relationships among job stress, fatigue, job satisfaction, and commitment to organization in customized home health care nurses. METHODS: Research participants were 130 nurses who worked in the customized home health care of 20 county in Gyeongnam province. Data collection for this descriptive correlational study was done at August 2010 using self report questionnaires, and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and we analyzed a four step approach in which several regression analyses were conducted and significance of the coefficients is examined at each step. RESULTS: The results from step 1 showed that, the effect of each job stress was significantly related to job satisfaction. In step 2, the direct effect of commitment to organization on job satisfactions were all significant too. Step 3 analysis showed that the total effect of each job stress on commitment to organization symptoms was significant. Step 4 showed the results of controlling for mediating factor (job satisfaction): job demand and insecurity were significantly associated with commitment to organization (p<0.001), the finding supports that others were fully mediated by each job satisfaction, and, the job demand and insecurity were partially mediated by job satisfaction. CONCLUSION: Results of this research indicated that job stress in customized home health care nurses was the principal variable affecting job satisfaction and commitment to organization. Appropriate stress management strategies based on assessment of job demand and job security for these nurses lead to development of improved commitment to organization.
Community Health Nursing ; Data Collection ; Delivery of Health Care ; Fatigue ; Job Satisfaction ; Negotiating ; Self Report ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle* ; Humans ; Pathology, Surgical* ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Nodule*

An eccrine squamous syringometaplasia (ESS) is defined as a mature squamous metaplasia of the eccrine ducts. The clinical and pathological features of an ESS are presented. Syringometaplasia is a rare lesion, mostly occuring in the extremities, and as far as we know, no report on the ESS has been published in Korean literature. We experienced a case of an ESS occured in a 15 year-old male, who had a tender erythematous plaque in the right knee. The histologic examination revealed some scattered nests of metaplastic squamous epithelium in the deep dermis, associated with acute nonspecific panniculitis. The importance of the ESS is that it histologically simulates the well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. The histopathologic findings were discussed and a brief review of the literature was made.
Adolescent ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Dermis ; Epithelium ; Extremities ; Humans ; Knee ; Male ; Metaplasia ; Panniculitis