No abstract available.
Korea* ; Radiation Oncology*

No abstract available.

No abstrac available

No abstract available.
Hodgkin Disease* ; Radiotherapy*

Tamoxifen and radiotherapy are used in breast cancer treatment worldwide. Radiation recall dermatitis (RRD), induced by tamoxifen, has been rarely reported. Herein, we report a RRD case induced by tamoxifen. A 47-year-old woman had a right quadrantectomy and an axillary lymph node dissection due to breast cancer. The tumor was staged pT2N0; it was hormone receptor positive, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative. The patient received adjuvant chemotherapy followed by tamoxifen and radiotherapy. After 22 months of tamoxifen, the patient developed a localized heating sensation, tenderness, edema, and redness at the irradiated area of the right breast. The symptoms improved within 1 week without treatment. Three weeks later, however, the patient developed similar symptoms in the same area of the breast. She continued tamoxifen before and during dermatitis, and symptoms resolved within 1 week.
Breast ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Dermatitis ; Edema ; Female ; Heating ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Middle Aged ; Radiodermatitis* ; Radiotherapy ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Sensation ; Tamoxifen*

Two cases of primary malignant lymphoma of the brain and six cases of secondary CNS lymphoma seen at Yonsei cancer center, radiotherapy department for recent 4 years are presented. Primary lymphomas revealed single tumor mass on corpus callosum area and secondary lymphoma were intracranial (3 cases) or leptomeningeal type (3 cases). Histology of primary lymphoma were reticulum cell sarcoma and secondary lymphomas were either diffuse histiocytic or diffuse poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma. All patients showed good response to radiation. Two patients with primary CNS lymphoma and two of six secondary CNS lymphoma are alive after radiotherapy (34, 31, 26, 12 months). But the prognosis of secondary CNS lymphoma is grave, because of progressive systemic disease. Incidence, risk factors, diagnosis and therapeutic management of CNS involvement are also discussed.
Brain ; Corpus Callosum ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell ; Lymphoma* ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; Prognosis ; Radiotherapy ; Risk Factors

PURPOSE: Unresectabel rectal cancer has a grave prognosis, regardless of the therapy used and median survival is less than 1 year. Also, it is reported by many authors that 50-80% of unresectable lesions were rendered respectable by radiation therapy and the median survival time for the completely resected patients were better than that of the unresected patients. So we analyzed retrospectively our data for the better treatment outcome in these patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 1980 to 1992, 45 patients with initially unresectable tumors in the rectum were treated with radiation therapy with/without surgery in Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center. 10 MV radiation and multiple field technique( box or AP/PA) were used. The total dose was 8-70 Gy and median dose was 48 Gy. We evaluated the lesion status at 45-50 Gy for operability. If the lesions appeared to be respectable, the patients were operated on 4-6 weeks after radiation therapy. But if the lesions were still fixed, the radiation dose was increased to 60-65 Gy. RESULTS: For all patients, the 2-year actuarial survival was 13.3% and median survival was 9.5 months. Of 6 patients who had received less than 45 Gy, only 17% of patients responded, but in the patients who had received more than 45 Gy, 60% of response rate was achieved. Six of the 24 patinets(25%) underwent surgical resections following RT. For patients undergoing curative resection, the two-year survival was 50%, but that of the patients without resection was 9.5% (p<0.01). Survival of patients with complete response following RT was 50% at 2 years. Survival of patients with partial response, stable disease and progressive disease after RT was 13.4%, 15.4%, 0% respectively (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our data suggests that the efforts which can increase the response rate and aggressive surgical approach are needed to achieve the better local control and survival in unresectable rectal cancers.
Humans ; Prognosis ; Radiation Oncology ; Rectal Neoplasms* ; Rectum ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

PURPOSE: The incidence of adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix is low. Traditionally, Low Dose R ate (LDR) brachytherapy has been used as a standard modality in the treatment for patients with carcinoma of the uterine cervix. The PURPOSE of this report is to evaluate the effects of the High dose rate (HL)R) brachytherapy in the patients with adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix compared with the LDR. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 1971 to December 1992, 106 patients of adenocarcinoma of uterine cervix were treated with radiation therapy in the Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University with curative intent. LDR brachytherapy was carried out on 35 patients and 7 1 patients w -re treated with HDR brachytherapy. In LDR Group, 8 patients were in stage I, 18 in stage II and 9 in st;ge III. External radiation therapy was delivered with 10 MV X-ray, daily 2 Gy fractionation, total dose 40-46 Gy (median 43 Gy), And LDR Radium intracavitary irradiation was performed with Henschke applicator, 22-59 Gy to point A (median 43 Gy). In HDR Group, there were 16 patients in stage I, 38 in stag <, II and 17 in stage III. The total dose of external radiation was 40-61 Gy(median 45 Gy), daily 1.8-2.0 3y. HDR Co-60 intracavitary irradiation was performed with RALS (Remote Afterloading System), 30-57 Gy (median 39 Gy) to point A, 3 times a week, 3 Gy per fraction. RESULTS: The 5-year overall survival rate in LDR Group was 72.9%, 6 1.9%, 45.0% in stage I, II, III, respectively and corresponding figures for HDR were 87.1%, 58.3%, 41.2%, respectively (p>0.05). There was no statistical difference in terms of the 5-year overall survival rate between HDR Group and LDR Group in a denocarcinoma of the uterine cervix. There was 1 1% of late complication rates in LDR Group and 27% in HDR Group. There were no prognostic factors compared HDR with LDR group. The incidence of the late complication rate in HDR Group stage II, III was higher than that in LDR Group ( 16.7% vs. 31.6% in stage II, 11. 1% vs. 35.3% in stage III, p>0.05). Although the incidence of radiation induced late complication rate was higher in HDR Group stage II and III patients than that in the LDR Group, statistical significance was not detected and within acceptable level. CONCLUSION: There was no difference in terms of 5-year survival rate and failure pattern in the patients with adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix treated with HDR and LDR brachytherapy. Even late complication rates were higher in the HDR group it was an acceptable range. This retrospective study suggests that HDR brachytherapy seems to replace the LDR brachytherapy in the adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix. However, further studies will be required to refine the dose rate effects.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Brachytherapy ; Cervix Uteri* ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Radiation Oncology ; Radium ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

Among 238 patients Non-odgkin's lymphoma received radiotherapy at Yonsei Cancer center, Yonsei University Medical College, from 1970 to 1981, 30 patients presented with localized(Stage I & II) gastrointestinal lymphomas. Retrospective analysis of these 30 cases in an attempt to evaluate the influence of various prognostic factors and the effectiveness of therapy is presented. Overall 5 year survival rate of 30 cases of primary gastrointestinal lymphoma was 48%. Bulk of residual disease after initial surgery and stage were significant prognostic factors. Stage I with small residual disease treated with post-p irradiation achieved 100% 5 year survival rate. So above group is considered curable with surgery and post-p irradiation. 80% of Stage II with small residual disease showed 31.5% 5 year survival rate. Non of them died with local failure. So, we suggest that complete surgical resection of tumor mass should be attempted initially in the management of localized gastrointestinal lymphomas and systemic chemotherapy is needed in addition to post-p irradiation in the cases of Stage II and large residual disease after initial surgery.
Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Lymphoma* ; Radiotherapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

The use of high dose rate remote afterloading system for the treatment of intraluminal lesions necessitates the need for a more accurate of dose distributions around the high intensity brachytherapy sources, doses are often prescribed to a distance of few centimeters from the linear source, and in this range the dose distribution is very difficult to assess. Accurated and optimized dose calculation with stable numerical algorithms by PC level computer was required to treatment intraluminal lesions by high dose rate brachytherapy system. The exposure rate from sources was calculated with Sievert integral and dose rate in tissue was calculated with Meisberger equation. An algorithm for generating a treatment plan with optimized dose distribution was developed for high dose rate intraluminal radiotherapy. The treatment volume becomes the locus of the constrained target surface points that is the specified radial distance from the source dwelling positions. The treatment target volume may be alternately outlined on a x-ray film of the implant dummy sources. The routine used a linear programming formulism to compute which dwell time at each position to irradiate the constrained dose rate at the target surface points whiles minimizing the total volume integrated dose to the patient. The exposure rate and the dose distribution to be confirmed the result of calculation with algorithm were measured with film dosimetry, TLD and small size ion chambers.
Brachytherapy ; Film Dosimetry ; Humans ; Programming, Linear ; Radiotherapy ; X-Ray Film