No abstract available.
Liver Cirrhosis* ; Liver*

Aplasia cutis congenita is a rare disorder characterized by localized or generalized absence of skin at birth. The various hypothesis and classification are proposed. Type V in Frieden's classification, which is associated with fetus papyraceus or placental infarcts, occurs as a large cutaneous defect on the trunk and extremities. We experienced the patient had skin defect affecting the lower abdomen symmetrically, with no family history of the any disorders or chromosomal anomalies and associated anomalies. A twin fetus was died in utero. We report a case of aplasia cutis congenita associated with fetus papyraceus with the review of the associated literatures.
Abdomen ; Classification ; Ectodermal Dysplasia* ; Extremities ; Fetus ; Humans ; Parturition ; Skin ; Twins

No abstract available.
Apgar Score* ; Humans ; Smoke* ; Smoking*

No abstract available.
Hidrocystoma* ; Syringoma*

The present study was performed to evaluate the characteristics and incidence of the nail changes in chronic renal failure patients. Sixty-six patients who were admitted to the Department of Internal Medicine between March and December, 19R3 and thirtyn'ine patients who were receiving hemodialysis therapy at the hemodialysis unit during June, 1983 in Seoul National University Hospital, were examined. The results were as follows; 1. The brown band just proximal to the free margin of the nail is a frequent nail change in chronic renal failure patients. The term half-and-half nail can be used when the band is wide enough to call it half and the term brown distal arc may be apposite for the whole. 2 .Among the 66 admitted patients, 21 cases(31.8%,) had half-and-half nails,26 cases(39.5%) had brown arcs and 3 cases(4.5%) had white nails. Overall the brown distal arc was present in 47 cases(71.2%,). 3, Among the 39 patients receiving hemodialysis, 3 casesp. 7p,) had half-and-half nails, 9 cases(23. 1%) had brown arcs and 5 cases(23,l%) had white nails. The brown distal arc was present in 12 cases(30.8%) over all. 4. There was no correlation between the level of impaired renal function and the presence or the width of a brown distal arc.
Humans ; Incidence ; Internal Medicine ; Kidney Failure, Chronic* ; Renal Dialysis ; Seoul

No abstract available in English.
Methods ; Reference Values

Despite the availability of second-generation antipsychotic drugs, chlorpromazine is still commonly used in Korea and many other countries due to its cost effectiveness, particularly for patients experiencing psychomotor excitement. Adverse effects of chlorpromazine include photosensitivity and phototoxic and photoallergic skin reactions. We present a case of severe photoallergic skin reactions to chlorpromazine that developed 3 days after use of the drug. The skin lesions resolved completely within one week after stopping the drug. A previous history of exposure to chlorpromazine was unknown and the patient had never previously experienced any form of drug-induced photosensitivity. This case highlights the need for awareness of the cutaneous adverse effects of chlorpromazine and the importance of educating patients.

PURPOSE: To evaluate abnormal neurosonographic (NSG) findings of thalami and basal ganglia in full term babies with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and to correlate the findings with follow-up studies and prognosis. METHODS: We evaluated 13 full term babies with abnormal NSG findings of thalarni and basal ganglia. NSG was performed within 7 days after clinical abnormalities. Follow-up NSG was done in 11 cases; CT scan in 4 and MRI in 7. We classified NSG findings as diffuse, unilateral, and focal types according to increased echogenicity and evaluated prognosis based on follow-up studies and neurological sequelae. RESULTS: Nine cases of diffuse type had diffuse echogenic changes of bilateral thalami and basal ganglia, slit-like lateral ventricles suggesting cerebral edema, and increased parenchymal echogenicity. In diffuse type, follow-up studies showed more prominent echogencities and ventricular dilatations and cerebromalacia. One case of unilateral type caused by thromboembolism had unilateral echogenicity of right thalamus and basal ganglia with increased echogenicity of the ipsilateral cerebral hemisphere and compression of the lateral ventricle, suggesting cerebral infarction. Follow-up study showed unilateral cystic cerebromalacia. Three cases of focal type had a localized echogenic area in thalamus with lacunar infarction, which decreased in size during follow-up. Among nine cases of diffuse type, one died within 2 days, two were discharged against medical advice, and six had severe neurologic sequelae. One case of unilateral type had a moderate degree of neurologic sequelae. All 3 cases of focal type had normal development. CONCLUSION: Pattems of abnormal echogenicity in thalami and basal ganglia in fullterm infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy are correlated with the outcome and may be helpful for treatment planning.
Basal Ganglia* ; Brain ; Brain Edema ; Brain Ischemia* ; Cerebral Infarction ; Cerebrum ; Dilatation ; Encephalomalacia ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; Infant* ; Lateral Ventricles ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Prognosis* ; Stroke, Lacunar ; Thalamus* ; Thromboembolism ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

PURPOSE: Neonatal adrenal hemorrhage is not rare disease which can be caused by such risk factors as sepsis, large baby, birth trauma and asphyxia. The clinical manifestations include jaundice, anemia, abdominal mass and differentiation from neuroblastoma, renal vein thrombosis and adrenal abscess is needed. Through the clinical assessment of presenting features, we hope that this study be of any help to early detection and proper management of neonatal adrenal hemorrhage. METHODS: The 16 subjects out of neonates admitted to our hospital from July 1991 to June 1997 were diagnosed as neonatal adrenal hemorrhage. The risk factors, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods and prognosis of neonatal adrenal hemorrhage were evaluated in these 16 cases. RESULTS: 1) Among 16 cases, males were 10 (62.5%) and females were 6 (37.5%). Mean birth weight was 3.601.08kg and mean gestational age was 39.82+1.08 week, and all were fullterm babies. In modes of delivery, vaginal deliveries were 12 cases (75.0%) and cesarean sections were 4 cases (25.0%). 2) 13 cases (81.2%) were involved in right side, 2 cases (12.5%) in left side and 1 case (6.3%) bilaterally. 3) The risk factors include sepsis in 6 cases (37.5%), large baby in 5 cases (31.3%), birth trauma in 5 cases<31.3%) and asphyxia in 3 cases (18.8%). 4) The clinical manifestations include jaundice in 7 cases (43.8%), anemia in 7 cases (43.8%), fever in 6 cases (37.5%) and abdominal mass in 3 cases (18.8%). 5) In the time of diagnosis, until 7 days of birth were 9 cases (56.2%), 8-14 days were 3 cases (18.8%), 15-21 days were 2 cases (12.5%) and 22-28 days were 2 cases (12.5%). Follow-up studies were done in 13 cases (81.2%), and tha lesions all decreased without any specific complications or sequelae. CONCLUSION: Neonatal adrenal hemorrhage can be diagnosed by abdominal ultrasono- gram in the presence of suggestive manifestations of jaundice, anemia, fever and abdominal mass, with relatively good prognosis. Differentiation from other conditions as well as avoidance of unnecessary explorations can be achieved by serial follow-up examinations of abdominal ultrasonogram.
Abscess ; Anemia ; Asphyxia ; Birth Weight ; Cesarean Section ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Fever ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gestational Age ; Hemorrhage ; Hope ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Jaundice ; Male ; Neuroblastoma ; Parturition ; Pregnancy ; Prognosis ; Rare Diseases ; Renal Veins ; Risk Factors ; Sepsis ; Thrombosis ; Ultrasonography

BACKGROUND: The survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has recently been improved by the advancement in the early detection of HCC. Among the various treatment modalities, the surgical resection has been considered as the most effective for small HCC, and the clinical course of patients with small HCC who underwent curative resection is known to be dependent on the etiology of HCC. Since the differences in the etiology of HCC depend on the different geographical area, it is necessary to verify the clinical outcomes and their affecting factors in patients with small HCC after curative resection in Korea, one of the hepatitis- B-virus(HBU)-endemic areas. METHODS: A total of 89 patients with small HCC (or=50 years old), Child's classification and vascular invasion were factors affecting the rate of recurrence. CONCLUSION: These results verify that the clinical outcomes of patients with small HCC after curative resection in Korea are similar to those of patients with different etiology of HCC in other geographic areas. To improve the prognosis of patients with small HCC after curative resection, strict preoperative evaluation of the presence of vascular invasion and postoperative preservation of liver function are necessary as well as the close postoperative follow-up for the early detection of recurrence.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Classification ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Humans ; Korea ; Liver ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Mortality ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Seoul ; Survival Rate