PURPOSE: We tried to identify the factors associated with intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) in patients with acute brain infarction receiving a tissue plasminogen activator. We assumed that ICH is increased if intracranial pressure has been increased in brain infarction patients who underwent IV thrombolysis. In this study, we selected the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) in a way that intracranial pressure (ICP) measurement. ONSD measurements were compared with the occurrence of brain hemorrhage. METHODS: This study was a retrospective analysis of data acquired between January 2013 and December 2015. We included 100 acute brain infarction patients who received brain MRI and underwent IV thrombolysis in the emergency department. The ONSD measurements were taken with MRI in the axial view and compared with the occurrence of brain hemorrhage. The factors contributing to ICH in patients with thrombolysis was analyzed by a binary logistic regression analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to find the cut-off value of ONSD that maximized the sum of the sensitivity and specificity. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 20.0. RESULTS: The mean ONSD for patients without ICH was 5.50±0.57 mm, and for those with ICH was 5.97±0.54 mm. ONSD in the ICH group were significantly larger than in the non-ICH group (5.50±0.57 versus 5.97±0.54). CONCLUSION: ONSD in acute brain infarction patients who underwent IV thrombolysis is useful in the assessment of ICH risk.
Brain ; Brain Infarction ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Humans ; Intracranial Hemorrhages* ; Intracranial Pressure ; Logistic Models ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Optic Nerve* ; Retrospective Studies ; ROC Curve ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tissue Plasminogen Activator

No abstract available.
Coronary Artery Disease* ; Coronary Vessels*

A complete cDNA sequence encoding a pore-forming subunit (Kir6.2) of ATP-senstive potassium channel in the adult worm, Clonorchis sinensis, termed CsKir6.2, was isolated from an adult cDNA library. The cDNA contained a single open-reading frame of 333 amino acids, which has a structural motif (a GFG-motif) of the putative pore-forming loop of the Kir6.2. Peculiarly, the CsKir6.2 shows a lack-sequence structure, which deleted 57 amino acids were deleted from its N-terminus. The predicted amino acid sequence revealed a highly conserved sequence as other known other Kir6.2 subunits. The mRNA was weekly expressed in the adult worm.
Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Clonorchis sinensis/*genetics/metabolism ; Helminth Proteins/*genetics/metabolism ; Human ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying/*genetics/metabolism ; RNA, Helminth/chemistry/genetics ; Sequence Alignment ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

OBJECTIVE: To report the clinical characteristics of the fetuses with agenesis of corpus callosum (ACC) diagnosed by prenatal ultrasonography. METHODS: Between 1998 and 2007, total twenty-two cases of ACC were identified. All cases were diagnosed by the direct evaluation of the corpus callosum using the ultrasonograpy with or without 3D multi-slice technique and color Doppler. Postnatal work-up was done by MRI or autopsy. RESULTS: The median gestational week was 26 weeks (19 to 34 weeks). The most common abnormal ultrasonographic finding was ventriculomegaly, shown in 19 (86.3%) of 22 cases. Absent cavum septum pellucidum and dilated upward displacement of third ventricle were also shown in 18 (81.8%) and 15 (68.2%) of 22 cases, respectively. Postnatal work-up performed in 9 cases (4 live-born babies and 5 still births) additionally confirmed the associated anomalies in three cases including a heart defect, an Aicardi syndrome, and trisomy 18. CONCLUSION: The analysis of 22 cases presented in this report provides the precise materials to understand ACC. Targeted ultrasonographic evaluation may be helpful for prenatal diagnosis of ACC but has the limitation in differentiation of an isolated ACC from complex defect. To solve this limitation, therefore, the meticulous prenatal work-up and counseling would be needed.
Agenesis of Corpus Callosum ; Aicardi Syndrome ; Corpus Callosum ; Counseling ; Displacement (Psychology) ; Fetus ; Heart ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Septum Pellucidum ; Third Ventricle ; Trisomy

Congenital chloride diarrhea (CLD) is a rare inherited autosomal recessive disorder. Mutations of the solute carrier family 26 member 3 gene cause profuse, chloride ion rich diarrhea, which results in hypochloremia, hyponatremia and metabolic alkalosis with dehydration. If a fetal ultrasound shows bowel dilatation suggestive of bowel obstruction, or if a neonate shows persistent diarrhea and metabolic alkalosis, CLD should be considered in the differential diagnosis. The severity of CLD varies, but early detection and early therapy can prevent complications including growth failure. We report a case of dizygotic twins affected by CLD who had been born to non-consanguineous parents. Both of them showed growth failure, but one of the twins experienced worse clinical course. He showed developmental delay, along with dehydration and severe electrolyte imbalance. He was diagnosed with CLD first at 6-month age, and then the other one was also diagnosed with CLD.
Alkalosis ; Dehydration ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diarrhea ; Dilatation ; Humans ; Hyponatremia ; Infant, Newborn ; Metabolism, Inborn Errors ; Parents ; Polyhydramnios ; Secondary Prevention ; Twins, Dizygotic

Ganglioneuroma is a rare benign tumor originating from the neural crest cells. It occurs most commonly in the retroperitoneum and posterior mediastinum and is often found in the neck or pelvis. It may be detected incidentally or detected by pressure effects on the adjacent structures due to its slow growth. However, some functional tumors may secrete catecholamines and present with some clinical symptoms. Complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice. We describe here a case of a retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma which was removed completely by surgery. We review the literature and discuss the clinical features of a ganglioneuroma.
Catecholamines ; Ganglioneuroma ; Mediastinum ; Neck ; Neural Crest ; Pelvis

PURPOSE: Home exposure to aeroallergens are an important environmental factor in allergic sensitization and in the development and exacerbation of asthma. Most studies of aeroallergens were dust mite in Korea, but cockroach distribution was little been known in Korea. The aim of this study was to evaluate species of cockroaches and seasonal distribution of cockroaches in Seoul area. METHODS: The study was performed during April 2000 through January 2001, from 63 houses in Korea. The total of 63 residential homes from different districts in Seoul were selected for the home environment survey. Bait traps (10 x 20 x 4 cm2, Zoro Zoro, Taisho Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan) were placed on four different places of kitchen floor and one in the side of balcony in the house and left for 5 days to capture cockroaches. RESULTS: The cockroaches were captured in 23 houses(36.5%) out of 63 houses. And the inhabitant density of cockroaches was highest in the autumn(43.3%) followed by summer (29.2%), spring(18.3%) and winter(9.2%). In only 3 species were collected in Seoul area. The most common species were Blattella germanica showing 72.5% of the collected cockroaches, followed by Periplaneta japonica(25.2%) Periplaneta americana(2.3%). The total number of captured cockroaches was 504 and the number of nymph was 314(62.2%). Isolated house type showed higher trapping rates than the apartment. Positive skin test rates were 46.2% in the healthy control group and 43.8% in the allergy patients. CONCLUSION: Periplaneta americana was captured in Seoul area, which had not been found previously. The inhabitant density of cockroaches was the lowest in the winter.
Allergens* ; Asthma ; Cockroaches* ; Dust ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Korea ; Mites ; Nymph ; Periplaneta ; Pharmacy ; Seasons* ; Seoul* ; Skin Tests

A 55-year old male presented with chest and abdominal pain for four hours. One day prior to admission he had received chemotherapeutic agents comprising 130 mg cisplatin and 5,200 mg 5-Fluorouracil for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. EKG showed ST elevations in the leads II, III and aVF. The levels of cardiac enzymes were elevated [creatine kinase (CK) 1129 U/L, CK-MB 180 U/L, troponin T 1.23 ng/mL and troponin I 23.29 ng/mL]. Urokinase was administered at the emergency room, but the patient's chest pain continued with persistent ST segment elevations. Urgent coronary and renal angiograms revealed thrombotic occlusive lesions in the distal right coronary and right renal arteries. Percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty using 6.0x20 mm balloon was performed for the renal artery. However, filling defects and distal renal flow were not improved and so Abciximab (ReoPro(r)) was administered. Follow-up coronary and renal angiograms on the fifth hospital day showed no filling defects with good distal flow in both right coronary and renal arteries.
Abdominal Pain ; Angioplasty ; Chest Pain ; Cisplatin* ; Electrocardiography ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Fluorouracil* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; Phosphotransferases ; Renal Artery* ; Thorax ; Thrombosis* ; Troponin I ; Troponin T ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator

A 55-year old male presented with chest and abdominal pain for four hours. One day prior to admission he had received chemotherapeutic agents comprising 130 mg cisplatin and 5,200 mg 5-Fluorouracil for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. EKG showed ST elevations in the leads II, III and aVF. The levels of cardiac enzymes were elevated [creatine kinase (CK) 1129 U/L, CK-MB 180 U/L, troponin T 1.23 ng/mL and troponin I 23.29 ng/mL]. Urokinase was administered at the emergency room, but the patient's chest pain continued with persistent ST segment elevations. Urgent coronary and renal angiograms revealed thrombotic occlusive lesions in the distal right coronary and right renal arteries. Percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty using 6.0x20 mm balloon was performed for the renal artery. However, filling defects and distal renal flow were not improved and so Abciximab (ReoPro(r)) was administered. Follow-up coronary and renal angiograms on the fifth hospital day showed no filling defects with good distal flow in both right coronary and renal arteries.
Abdominal Pain ; Angioplasty ; Chest Pain ; Cisplatin* ; Electrocardiography ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Fluorouracil* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; Phosphotransferases ; Renal Artery* ; Thorax ; Thrombosis* ; Troponin I ; Troponin T ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator

No abstract available.
Aneurysm, False* ; Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction*