Aneurysm and pseudoaneurysm of the dorsalis pedis artery (DPA) are rare vascular entities. Pseudoaneurysms of the DPA are commonly due to blunt trauma, sharp penetrating injury, fracture, or iatrogenic injury. Herein, we report the case of a patient with a rare iatrogenic pseudoaneurysm that occurred after blood sampling. The diagnosis was suspected based on palpitation of a pulsatile mass on the dorsal foot and confirmed by color Doppler ultrasound and computed tomography angiography. Surgical treatment was successfully performed by reconstruction with an autologous venous graft. The patient recovered well, with no ischemic complications.
Aneurysm ; Aneurysm, False* ; Angiography ; Arteries* ; Diagnosis ; Foot ; Humans ; Transplants ; Ultrasonography

When any part of the pacemaker system is infected, all pacemaker hardware should be removed, because reinfection rates of 51% to 77% have been noted in patients whose infected pacemaker system has been only partially explanted. The removal of infected leads during cardiopulmonary bypass prevents mechanical injury as well as the spread of infection and vegetation. We report one case of endocarditis by staphylococcus aureus with infected transvenous pacing lead which was migrated into the heart from the left subclavian vein. We removed the migrated pacing lead and vegetation under cardiopulmonary bypass.
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Endocarditis* ; Heart ; Humans ; Pacemaker, Artificial ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Subclavian Vein

When any part of the pacemaker system is infected, all pacemaker hardware should be removed, because reinfection rates of 51% to 77% have been noted in patients whose infected pacemaker system has been only partially explanted. The removal of infected leads during cardiopulmonary bypass prevents mechanical injury as well as the spread of infection and vegetation. We report one case of endocarditis by staphylococcus aureus with infected transvenous pacing lead which was migrated into the heart from the left subclavian vein. We removed the migrated pacing lead and vegetation under cardiopulmonary bypass.
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Endocarditis* ; Heart ; Humans ; Pacemaker, Artificial ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Subclavian Vein

A 28 year-old male who had received Konno procedure twelve years ago with 23mm mechanical aortic valve and bovine pericardium with which his small aortic annulus, ventricular septum and right ventricular outflow tract had been enlarged was transferred due to sudden congestive heart failure. There were perforations on aortic and interventricular portion of bovine pericardial patch above and below the aortic valve, respectively, which was calcified and denaturated severely. The perforations seemed to be attributed to the cracks, resulting from mobility of mechanical aortic valve itself and stiffness of calcified and denaturated bovine patch. We performed a redo Konno procedure applying PTFE patch.
Adult ; Aortic Valve ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Male ; Pericardium ; Polytetrafluoroethylene ; Reoperation ; Ventricular Septum

Primary cardiac tumors are rare and about 20~25% of primary cardiac tumors are malignant. Moreover, primary malignant mesenchymoma of the heart is extremely rare. Recently, we have experienced two cases of cardiac malignant mesenchymoma. In the first case, malignant mesenchymoma which was originated from the posterior wall of the left atrium obstructing the mitral orifice was revealed pathologically in a 61-year-old woman with mitral regurgitation. The mass, which was 2.7 X 3.7cm in size on the posterior wall of left atrium, was extended to the posteromedial commissure and annulus of the mitral valve. The mass was resected partially without excision of the left atrial free wall. She was discharged after 30 days without any problems and she received chemotherapy and followed up for 19months. The second case was a 4 X 5cm in size, friable, yellow-whitish multilobulated mass in the left atrium which was originated from the left lower pulmonary vein. Multiple minor tumor nodules were found in the wall of the left atrium and the posterior leaflet of mitral valve. Partial mass excision and mitral valve replacement were performed.
Drug Therapy ; Female ; Heart ; Heart Atria ; Heart Neoplasms ; Humans ; Mesenchymoma* ; Middle Aged ; Mitral Valve ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency ; Pulmonary Veins

BACKGROUND: Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) affects patients without clinically apparent lung disorder found in tall and thin young male. Scoliosis refers to curves exceeding 10° Cobb angle observed through chest X-ray and affects 2% to 4% of adolescents. Both conditions are commonly encountered in primary health care setting. The aim of this study is to access the correlation of thoracic scoliosis and PSP in adolescent. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted for patients diagnosed for PSP in Konyang University Hospital between January 2010 and March 2017. Chest X-rays of 222 patients and 155 normal control (NC) cases were reviewed to measure the Cobb angle. Greater than 10° of Cobb angle is diagnosed as scoliosis. RESULTS: Scoliosis in patient with PSP has higher incidence than that of NC group (p < 0.001). Median value of Cobb angle is 12.9° in PSP group and 14.7° in NC group. Directional relationship between scoliosis and pneumothorax in PSP group is also observed; 40.5% cases are ipsilateral and 59.5% are contralateral. CONCLUSION: PSP patients tend to have thoracic scoliosis more commonly compared with normal healthy adolescent. Scoliosis may contribute to heterogeneity of alveolar pressure which exacerbates subpleural bleb formation that can cause pneumothorax. The causal relationship is unclear and further studies are needed in the future.
Adolescent ; Blister ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lung ; Male ; Pneumothorax* ; Population Characteristics ; Primary Health Care ; Retrospective Studies ; Scoliosis* ; Thorax

Background: Catheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD) is common in patients with a urinary catheter and is a risk factor for emergence agitation (EA). The mainstay of CRBD management is anticholinergics. Dexamethasone inhibits acetylcholine release. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dexamethasone on postoperative CRBD and EA. Methods: In this prospective study, 90 patients undergoing urological surgery requiring urinary catheterization were allocated randomly to one of two groups (each n = 45). Before induction of anesthesia, the dexamethasone group received 10 mg (2 ml) of dexamethasone intravenously, while the control group received 2 ml of saline in the same manner. The incidence and severity of CRBD were assessed 0, 1, 2, and 6 h after the patient arrived in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) as the primary outcomes. The incidence and severity of EA were also compared during emergence and recovery from anesthesia as secondary outcomes. Results: The incidences of CRBD in the control group and dexamethasone group at 0, 1, 2, and 6 h postoperatively were 28.9% and 15.6%, 55.6% and 55.6%, 57.8% and 46.7%, and 53.3% and 51.1%, respectively. The incidence and severity of CRBD assessed at 0, 1, 2, and 6 h postoperatively did not show intergroup differences. The incidence and severity of EA in the operating room and PACU also showed no difference between the groups. Conclusions Dexamethasone (10 mg) administered before induction of anesthesia did not further reduce the incidence or severity of CRBD or EA in patients undergoing urological surgery.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the nation-wide results of statistics related to the neonatal period of 1996, we collected data of a total of 64 hospitals in Korea (42 university hos- pitals and 22 general hospitals). METHODS: We obtained the results of 129,175 inboms and 9,379 outborns, and analyzed the statistics of live-births, ig, distribution of live-births by gestational age and birth weight, incidence of pre-term infants and low birth weight infants (LBWI), neonatal mortality, and incidence of discharge against medical advice (DAMA). RESULTS: According to birth weight, incidence of LBWI, normal birth weight, infant and high birth weight infants was 3.6%, 86.6% and 9.8%, respectively in the case of inborn group. But incidence of LBWI was higher in outborn group as compared with the inbom group. According to gestational age, incidence of preterm, term, and post-term was 11.1%, 87.1Yo and 1.8% respectively in the inbom group. The incidence of preterm in outborn group was higher than that of inborn group, because of the influnce of transpor- tation of high risk neonates to 2nd or 3rd levels of neonatal intensive care units (NICU). Overall neonatal mortality per 1,000 live-births was 9.3 in the inborn group amd 37.6% in the outborn group. These data revealed a high neonatal mortality, because the numbers of DAMA cases was also included. The incidence of DAMA was 0.44% and 1.15% in inborn and outborn groups, respectively. The percentage of the DAMA among the numbers of neonatal mortality was 47.2-48.8M in the inborn group. CONCLUSIONS: We obtained the statistics related to live-birth, incidence of prematurity and LBWI, neonatal mortality, and incidence of DAMA in Korea. The data revealed high levels of neonatal mortality (which included the sum of neonatal death and the number of DAMA) and incidence of DAMA in Korea at present. To achieve a low-level of neonatal mortality, more efforts to decrease the incidence of DAMA are needed. Also, a greater facility for NICU and a stronger support system from a nation-wide govemment policy and system of insurance are seen to be necessary.
Birth Weight ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Infant ; Infant Mortality* ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Insurance ; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal ; Korea* ; Parturition*

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Coronary vasospasms are one of the important causes of sudden cardiac death (SCD). Provocation of coronary vasospasms can be useful, though some results may lead to false positives, with patients potentially experiencing recurrent SCD despite appropriate medical treatments. We hypothesized that it is not coronary vasospasms but inherited primary arrhythmia syndromes (IPAS) that underlie the development of SCD. METHODS: We analyzed 74 consecutive patients (3.8%) who survived out-of-hospital cardiac arrest among 1,986 patients who had angiographically proven coronary vasospasms. Electrical abnormalities were evaluated in serial follow-up electrocardiograms (ECGs) during and after the index event for a 3.9 years median follow-up. Major clinical events were defined as the composite of death and recurrent SCD events. RESULTS: Forty five patients (60.8%) displayed electrocardiographic abnormalities suggesting IPAS: Brugada type patterns in six (8.2%), arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia patterns in three (4.1%), long QT syndrome pattern in one (2.2%), and early repolarization in 38 (51.4%). Patients having major clinical events showed more frequent Brugada type patterns, early repolarization, and more diffuse multivessel coronary vasospasms. Brugada type pattern ECGs (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 4.22; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16 to 15.99; p = 0.034), and early repolarization (HR, 2.97; 95% CI, 1.09 to 8.10; p = 0.034) were ultimately associated with an increased risk of mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Even though a number of aborted SCD survivors have coronary vasospasms, some also have IPAS, which has the potential to cause SCD. Therefore, meticulous evaluations and follow-ups for IPAS are required in those patients.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac* ; Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia ; Coronary Vasospasm* ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac* ; Electrocardiography ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Arrest ; Humans ; Long QT Syndrome ; Masks* ; Mortality ; Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest ; Survivors