Objective To improve the recognition and diagnosis of pulmonary Lophomonas blattarum infection. Methods Two cases of bronchopulmonary Lophomonas blattanan diagnosed in this hospital were reported. The clinical features of 13 cases in the literature during the period of 1993 to 2006,1 case with sinus infection and 12 cases with bronchopulmonary infection, were also analyzed. Results For the 2 cases diagnosed in this hospital, severe asthma and bronchiectasis withprolonged infection were the underlying diseases, respectively. The diagnosis of these 2 cases and the 13 cases reported in the literature were all confirmed by the presence of parasites in airway samples. The most common symptoms included fever (64.3% ), cough and expectoration (71.4%). Fifty percent of the patients showed increased eosinophils in peripheral blood. Chest radiograph and CT scan showed changes similar to pneumonia(83.3%). Chronic cases were manifested with asthma attack, branchiectasis or lung abscess. Smear preparations of sputum or specimen by bronchoscopy were direct methods for diagnosis. Conclusion Pulmonary Lophonomas blattarum infection is an emerging infectious disease caused by protozoon of hypermastigote parasitized in the bronchus or the lung. Epidemiological characteristics including host, route of transmission and susceptible population of Lophomonas blattarum infection are not fully understood. The optimal treatment also needs further investigation.

Objective:To investigate the prognosis of patients with liver metastasis or local recurrence after radical resection of rectal cancer,in order to provide reference for the further screening of high-risk patients for the precise therapeutic methods.Methods:The clinicopathological factor and follow-up data of 485 patients who underwent surgical treatment for rectal cancer from March 2005 to January 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.Including 75 liver metastasis and 32 local recurrence.The prognosis were compared between the patients with liver metastasis and with local recurrence.Results:The difference was statistically significant in CEA level,primary tumor position,surgical methods,tumor cell differentiation,tumor infiltration depth between liver metastasis and local recurrence after radical resection of rectal cancer (P＜0.05).The 1-,3-and 5-year overall survival rates were 76.6％,53.1％ and 18.8％ respectively of patients with liver metastasis,The 1-,3-and 5-year overall survival rates were 81.3％,62.5％ and 37.5％ respectively of patients with local recurrence,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion:There were different clinicopathological characteristics of patients between liver metastasis and local recurrence.The prognosis of patients with local recurrence was better than patients with liver metastasis.

AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effect s of a synthetic CRE-transcription factor decoy oligodeoxynucleotide (CRE-decoy ODN) on the upregulation of the expression of cholecystokinin (CCK) and fosB mRN A induced by chronic morphine administration in SK-N-SH cells. METHODS: The CRE cis-element, TGACGTCA, was palindromic, a sy nthetic single-stranded phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide composed of the CR E sequence self-hybridizes to form a duplex/hairpin. The CRE-palindromic decoy a nd control oligodeoxynucleotides were added to the medium (1 h before exposure t o morphine) at 150 nmol/L in the presence of cationic lipid DOTAP. After the cel ls were treated with 100 ?mol/L morphine for 48 h, 10 ?mol/L naloxone was use d for 15 min. The effects of CRE-decoy ODN on the DNA-binding activity of CREB, the expression of CCK and fosB mRNA were detected by electrophoresis mobi lity shift assay (EMSA) and RT-PCR, respectively. The stability of cell-incorpo rated [ 32P]-labeled CRE-decoy ODN was extracted with phenol:chloroform a nd then subjected to 20% nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and au toradiography. RESULTS: Chronic morphine administration and acute naloxone-prec ipitated withdrawal significantly activated the DNA-binding activity of CREB and the expression of CCK and fosB mRNA in SK-N-SH cells. The CRE-decoy ODN pen etrated into the cells, specifically downregulated these indexes. CONCLUSIONS: CRE-decoy ODN can significantly downregulates the e xpre ssion of CCK and fosB mRNA through specifically suppressing the DNA-binding activity of CREB activated by chronic morphine administration in SK-N-SH cells.

AIM: To investigate the effect of phospholamban antisense RNA (asPLB) on the activity of sarco-endoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca 2+-ATPase, and the change of intracellular free Ca 2+ concentration ([Ca 2+]i) in rat cardiomyocytes by adeno-associated virus(AAV) vector. METHODS: rAAV-asPLB and rAAV-LacZ were constructed by AAV Helper-Free System. RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to determine the mRNA and protein expression of PLB. The activity of SR Ca 2+-ATPase and the [Ca 2+]i were measured. RESULTS: Compared to controls, the PLB mRNA and protein expression reduced in rat cardiomyocytes transfected with rAAV-asPLB. The activity of Ca 2+-ATPase was increased. In rest state, the level of [Ca 2+]i in rAAV-asPLB transfected group was decreased. The level of [Ca 2+]i was increased when induced by isoproterenol. CONCLUSION: rAAV-asPLB vector disrupts the expression of PLB, enhances the activity of Ca 2+-ATPase, reduces the resting [Ca 2+]i and enhances the isoproterenol-induced [Ca 2+]i.

Objective:To investigate the expression and diagnostic value of microRNA-335-5p (miR-335-5p) and Human Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR-1, FLT1) in serum exosomal bodies of patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) .Methods:Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO) analysis was performed and differentially expressed miRNA in breast cancer tissues was screened. From Jan. 2016 to Nov. 2017, the peripheral blood samples of 56 TNBC patients in People’s Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University were collected, and the exosomes were isolated and identified. FLT1 was selected as the target gene of miR-335-5p by using bioinformatics analysis. Expression levels of miR-335-5p and FLT1 in serum exosome were detected by qRT-PCR. The relationship between miR-335-5p and clinicopathological parameters of TNBC patients was analyzed. The diagnostic value of miR-335-5p was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) , and the survival prognosis of miR-335-5p and FLT1 was analyzed by Kaplan Meier survival curve.Results:The expression of miR-335-5p in the serum exosome of TNBC patients was lower than that of the control group, while the expression of FLT1 in the serum exosome was higher than that of the control group ( P<0.05) . The expression of miR-335-5p was related to tissue grade ( χ2=22.02, P<0.000 1) , degree of differentiation ( χ2=20.67, P<0.000 1) and lymph node metastasis ( χ2=4.667, P=0.030 8) in patients with TNBC ( P<0.05) . The area under ROC diagnosed by miR-335-5p was 0.809 8 (95% CI: 0.726 3-0.893 2, P<0.000 1) . Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the overall survival time of patients with low expression of miR-335-5p was significantly shorter than that of patients with high expression of miR-335-5p ( P=0.004 5) . The high expression of its target gene FLT1 was associated with low survival rate ( P=0.048 0) . Conclusion:Serum exosomal miR-335-5p can be used as an important index to predict the prognosis of TNBF and is expected to play a role in diagnosis and treatment of TNBC.

To improve the stability and gene-carried capability of gene-attached microbubbles, the method for manufacture of albumin microbubbles was modified and new gene-loaded microbubbles were synthesized by incorporated gene-PEI complex into the shell of microbubbles. Agarose gel electrophoresis and bacteria transformation showed that PEI had the ability to provide the protection of plasmid DNA from ultrasonic degradation. The new gene-loaded microbubbles exhibited excellent acoustical and hemorheological properties. Moreover, they could carry more plasmid DNA than gene-attached microbubbles. beta-galactosidase plasmid transfection into cardiac myocytes was performed by using ultrasound targeted destruction of new gene-loaded microbubbles or gene-attached microbubbles. Gene expression in cardiac myocytes was detected by beta-galactosidase in situ staining and quantitive assay. It was shown that beta-galactosidase activity in cardiac myocytes was enhanced 107-fold by ultrasonic destruction of gene-loaded microbubbles compared with naked plasmid transfection and new gene-loaded microbubbles resulted in 6.85-fold increase in beta-galactosidase activity compared with optimal transfection mediated by gene-attached microbubbles. These results suggested that ultrasonic destruction of the gene-loaded microbubbles can enhance the cardiac myocytes exogenous gene transfer efficiency significantly and new gene-loaded microbubbles is an efficient and safe gene delivery vehicle.
Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Genes, Reporter ; genetics ; Genetic Vectors ; Imines ; Microbubbles ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; metabolism ; Plasmids ; genetics ; Polyethylenes ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Sonication ; Transfection ; methods ; beta-Galactosidase ; biosynthesis ; genetics

Objective:To evaluate the value of lung ultrasound (LUS) in the early assessment of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).Methods:A prospective double-blind cohort study was conducted. Patients with ARDS conformed to the Berlin diagnosis criteria admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Ningbo Yinzhou People’s Hospital from July 2016 to January 2020. According to the oxygenation index (OI), the patients were divided into the mild to moderate group (100 mmHg

Objective: To explore experience of wound treatment of extremely severe mass burn patients involved in August 2nd Kunshan factory aluminum dust explosion accident. Methods: On August 2nd, 2014, 98 extremely severe burn mass patients involved in August 2nd Kunshan factory aluminum dust explosion accident were admitted to 20 hospitals in China. The patients with complete medical record were enrolled in the study and divided into microskin graft group with 56 patients and Meek skin graft group with 42 patients. Split-thickness skin in area of residual skin were resected to repair wounds of patients in microskin graft group and Meek skin graft group by microskin grafting and Meek miniature skin grafting, respectively. The residual wound size on 28 days post injury and wound infection after skin grafting of patients in the two groups, and position of donor site of all patients were retrospectively analyzed. Data were processed with t test and chi-square test. Results: The size of residual wound of patients in Meek skin graft group on 28 days post injury was (59±13)% total body surface area (TBSA), which was obviously smaller than that in microskin graft group [(70±14)%TBSA, t=4.379, P<0.05]. Twenty-nine patients in microskin graft group and 11 patients in Meek skin graft group suffered from obvious wound infection after skin grafting. Wounds of patients in two groups were repaired with residual skin around wound in head, trunk, groin, armpit, and uncommon donor sites of scrotum (4 patients), vola (10 patients), and toe or finger web (8 patients). Conclusions Meek skin graft is the first choice for wound repair of extremely severe burn mass patients, with faster wound healing, less wound infection. Uncommon donor sites of scrotum, vola, and toe or finger web can also be used for wound repair in case of lack of skin.

Background Bacteria are the most diverse and widely sourced microorganisms in the indoor air of subway stations, where pathogenic bacteria can spread through the air, leading to increased health risks. Objective To understand the status and distribution characteristics of indoor air bacterial pollution in subway stations and compartments in a city of Central South China, and to provide a scientific basis for formulating intervention measures to address indoor air bacteria pollution in subways. Methods Three subway stations and the compartments of trains parking there in a city in Central South China were selected according to passenger flow for synchronous air sampling and monitoring. Temperature, humidity, wind speed, carbon dioxide (CO₂), fine particulate matter (PM_2.5), and inhalable particulate matter (PM₁₀) were measured by direct reading method. In accordance with the requirements of Examination methods for public places-Part 3: Airborne microorganisms (GB/T 18204.3-2013), air samples were collected at a flow rate of 28.3 L·min⁻¹, and total bacterial count was estimated. Bacterial microbial species were identified with a mass spectrometer and pathogenic bacteria were distinguished from non-pathogenic bacteria according to the Catalogue of pathogenic microorganisms transmitted to human beings issued by National Health Commission. Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to compare the subway hygiene indicators in different regions and time periods, and Bonferroni test was used for pairwise comparison. Spearman correlation test was used to evaluate the correlation between CO₂ concentration and total bacterial count. Results The pass rates were 100.0% for airborne total bacteria count, PM_2.5, and PM₁₀ in the subway stations and train compartments, 94.4% for temperature and wind speed, 98.6% for CO₂, but 0% for humidity. The overall median (P₂₅, P₇₅) total bacteria count was 177 (138,262) CFU·m⁻³. Specifically, the total bacteria count was higher in station halls than in platforms, and higher during morning peak hours than during evening peak hours (P<0.05). A total of 874 strains and 82 species were identified by automatic microbial mass spectrometry. The results of identification were all over 9 points, and the predominant bacteria in the air were Micrococcus luteus (52.2%) and Staphylococcus hominis (9.8%). Three pathogens, Acinetobacter baumannii (0.3%), Corynebacterium striatum (0.1%), and Staphylococcus epidermidis bacilli (2.2%) were detected in 23 samples (2.6%), and the associated locations were mainly distributed in train compartments during evening rush hours. Conclusion The total bacteria count in indoor air varies by monitoring sites of subway stations and time periods, and there is a risk of opportunistic bacterial infection. Attention should be paid to cleaning and disinfection during peak passenger flow hours in all areas.

Objective: Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss is seldom achieved with nucleos(t)ide analog (NA) therapy in chronic hepatitis B patients but may be enhanced by switching to finite pegylated-interferon (Peg-IFN) alfa-2a. We assessed HBsAg loss with 48- and 96-week Peg-IFN alfa-2a in chronic hepatitis B patients with partial response to a previous NA. Methods: Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive patients who achieved HBeAg loss and hepatitis B virus DNA < 200 IU/mL with previous adefovir, lamivudine or entecavir treatment were randomized 1:1 to receive Peg-IFN alfa-2a for 48 (n = 153) or 96 weeks (n = 150). The primary endpoint of this study was HBsAg loss at end of treatment. The ClinicalTrials.gov identifier is NCT01464281. Results: At the end of 48 and 96 weeks' treatment, 14.4% (22/153) and 20.7% (31/150) of patients, respectively, who switched from NA to Peg-IFN alfa-2a cleared HBsAg. Rates were similar irrespective of prior NA or baseline HBeAg seroconversion. Among those who cleared HBsAg by the end of 48 and 96 weeks' treatment, 77.8% (14/18) and 71.4% (20/28), respectively, sustained HBsAg loss for a further 48 weeks. Baseline HBsAg < 1 500 IU/mL and week 24 HBsAg < 200 IU/mL were associated with the highest rates of HBsAg loss at the end of both 48- and 96-week treatment (51.4% and 58.7%, respectively). Importantly, extending treatment from 48 to 96 weeks enabled 48.3% (14/29) more patients to achieve HBsAg loss. Conclusion Patients on long-term NA who are unlikely to meet therapeutic goals can achieve high rates of HBsAg loss by switching to Peg-IFN alfa-2a. HBsAg loss rates may be improved for some patients by extending treatment from 48 to 96 weeks, although the differences in our study cohort were not statistically significant. Baseline and on-treatment HBsAg may predict HBsAg loss with Peg-IFN alfa-2a.