Objective To explore the curative effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation ( rTMS) therapy on subcortical ischemic vascular disease( SIVD) patients with mild cognitive impairment.Methods Sixty-one SIVD patients with mild cognitive impairment but did not meet the diagnostic criteria for vascular dementia were enrolled and randomly divided into the treatment group (n=31) and the control group (n=30) in accordance with international common randomization form,TMT-A、TMT-B、VFT、AVLT score and P300 latency and amplitude changes were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.Results TMT-A、TMT-B、VFT、AVLT showed no difference before treatment between the two groups, but improved significantly after treatment in the treatment group ( P=0.040;P=0.041;P=0.034;P=0.010 ) .the results were also significantly different from the control group after treatment( P=0.019;P=0.009;P=0.044;P=0.045 ) .In the treatment group, P300 latency after treatment was significantly reduced than that before treatment (P=0.045),which was also significantly reduced from the control group ( P=0.025 ) , but P300 amplitude did not reach statistically significant difference before and after treatment in the treatment group.In the control group, P300 latency and amplitude did not reach statistically significant difference before and after treatment.Conclusion TMS therapy can improve cognitive function in SIVD with mild cognitive impairment.

Chronic Disease ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Nutrition Assessment

Objective To evaluate the accuracy and value of ventricular function in conotruncal defects(CTD)by three-dimensional echocardiography(3DE).Methods Fifty-two children with CTD and forty-three children with normal hearts were examined by 3DE.The measurements of left ventricular volume and wall mass were outlined and calculated.The measurements of left ventricular volume and wall mass of 3DE in preoperative CTD were compared with those of 2D biplane Simpson-method in preoperative CTD,3DE in control group and 2D biplane Simpson-method in control group.The results of 3DE and 2DE preoperative measurements were also compared with their postoperative clinical cardiac conditions.Results From the findings of analysis of variance and Student-Newman-Keuls(SNK)test,there was no significant difference between 3DE and 2DE measurements of left ventricular function in normal children,but there was significant difference between 3DE and 2DE measurements of left ventricular function in children with CTD.2DE measurements of left ventricular volume and wall mass in the CTD group were significant underestimated and less correlated with their postoperative clinical cardiac conditions(r=0.20,P=0.2086)than 3DE measurements(r=0.39,P=0.0090).Furthermore,left ventricular function in the CTD group was poorer than that in the control group.Stroke volume and effective function were reduced due to increasing end-systolic volume.while left ventricular wall mass was increased due to the possible compensation of its ventricular muscle.With the lower end-diastolic volume,stroke volume and effective function,patients were more likely to have the occurrence of postoperative low cardiac output.Conclusions By making a precise quantitative assessment,3DE is very useful in providing more information for preoperative diagnosis in CTD and predicting such postoperative prognoses as the occurrence of postoperative low cardiac output.

Objective:To study the clinical effect of herba Houttuyniae Injection by aerosol inhalation for respiratory tract infection. Methods: 107 patients with respiratory tract infection (the main symptoms were cough and expectoration) were treated with Herba Houttuyniae Injection by aerosol inhalation. The conditions of symptom improvement and bacteria in sputum before and after treatment were observed. The case control studies on parts of patients in acute attack and delayed peroids of chronic bronchitis were carried out. The treatment processes patients were given 25mL Herba Houttuyniae Injection and 25mL normal saline by aerosol inhalation for 30 minutes, twice a day. Results: The effective rates were 91.59% for cough symptom, 85.06% for expectoration symptom. 98.13% patients experienced comfort of pharyngeal and thoracic protions after treatment. Among 55 patients whose cough symptom wasn't improved after they were treated with anti inflammatory agent and antitussive the effective rate was 72.72% after treatment with Herba Houttuyniae Injection by aerosol inhalation. The 45 case control studies of acute attack and delayed periods of chronic brochitis showed no statistically difference between them. The clearance rate of bacteria in sputum after treatment was 80.39%. Conclusions: Herba Houttuyniae Injection by aerosol inhalation is effective for respiratory tract infection with the main symptoms of cough and expectoration.

Objective To investigate the failure of treatment with chloroquine in Yunnan in order to help formulate adequate antimalarial drug policy. Methods A World Health Organization 28-day in vivo test on therapeutic response for uncomplicated falciparum malaria in area with low or moderate transmission was adopted. Patients of age ≥ 6 months old were admitted without limitation in density of parasitaemia and body temperature. Clinical and parasitological observation was conducted for patients on day 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35. Results Of 62 patients identified as malaria cases infected by Plasmodium falciparum only, Plasmodium vivax only or by both species, 52 cases infected by Plasmodium falciparum only were included in the study. The overall treatment failure rate was 40.7%, with early treatment failure (ETF) rate of 1.8% and late treatment failure rate (LTF) of 38.9%. Conclusion The treatment failure rate was much higher than the rate of 25% recommended by WHO. It is suggested that use of single chloroquine should be stopped in the treatment of falciparum malaria cases in such area. No relationship was found between the failure rate and the density of malaria parasites.

Objective To evaluate the importance of factors affecting efficiency of image display quality of realtime three-dimensional echocardiography (RT-3DE) and establish an optimized method for RT-3DE examination and image processing in children. Methods Based on corresponding cardiac acoustic characteristics in children, 87 healthy children (46 boys, 41 girls, mean 36.2 ± 44.2 months) were selected. Three aspects of seven factors were selected, including acquisition windows, gain, compress, post process, smoothing, frequency fusion and 3D vision for RT-3DE examination and analysis using orthogonal test design method. The principal effectiveness analysis of orthngonal test design method and its table L_(18)3~7 were used. The efficiency rate of 3D image display quality was used as the inspection index for orthogonal test. Results According to the average deviation orders of the seven factors, the maximal average deviation was gain. The aspects with maximal average deviation of each factor were at via-subcostal and via-apical acoustic windows, 90 of gain, 60 of compress, E of post process, 5 of smoothing, F3 of frequency fusion and A to B of 3D vision, respectively. Conclusions The optimized method for RT-3DE examination and image processing could be achieved by setting acquisition windows, gain, compress, post process, etc. It is helpful to promote clinical application of RT-3DE and benefits the design of multi-parameter presetting of ultrasound system to optimize RT-3DE examination in children.

Objective To investigate the diagnosis value of immunophenotype and karyotypes in newly diagnosed chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).Methods To retrospect the flow cytometry (FCM) immunophenotype and karyotypes characteristics in newly diagnosed 70 CLL cases.Results In all cases,the positive rates of CD19,CD20,CD5,CD23,CD22 were 100 ％,88.5 ％ (54/61),77.1％ (54/70),67.6 ％ (23/34)and 51.9 ％ (27/52),respectively.And 6 were misdiagnosed,2 was CD+5CD+19(+),but CD20,CD22 were strongly positive,final diagnosed as mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) by FISH t(11;14) examination and CyclinDl; CD+5CD+19(-) CLL were 16 cases (22.9 ％),but 4 were misdiagnosed,the misdiagnosis rate was 25 ％,significantly higher than that of CD+5CD+19(-) CLL (P =0.030).59 cases were examined by conventional cytogcnetic (CC),and 13 cases were with abnormal karyotypes,positive rate was 22.0 ％,with complex karyotypes in 5 cases (8.5 ％); 10 cases combined with FISH abnormalities karyotype examination rate was 60 ％.Conclusion Typical CLL immunophenotypic characteristics were CD5,CD19,CD23 co-expression,and CD－5 CLL with higher misdiagnosis rate,combined with CD20 (,) CD22 expression and karyotype analysis helps to CLL and other B lymphoid proliferative diseases (B-LPD) identification.Conventional cytogenetic detection combined with FISH scan can improve the recognition ability of abnormal chromosome.

Objective To locally inject human umbilical cord blood (HUCB) mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to rat traumatic brain injury (TBI) model to investigate expression of neural markers and neurological functional improvement. Methods HUCB-MSCs were labeled by bis-benzimide for over 24 hours and stereotactically transplanted into the brain of the rats. All rats were divided into four groups, ie, sham injury group, TBI group, control (TBI + PBS) group and treatment (TBI + MSCs) group, Im-munohistochemical methods and immanofluorescence staining were used to observe the survival, migration and differentiation of the transplanted cells. The neurological functional improvement was evaluated by u-sing the neurological severity score (NSS). Results There existed a large number of MSCs survived in local region of the brain that received transplants, when some MSCs differentiated into neurons or astro-cytes and expressed the neurocyte markers including NSE and GFAP around the grafted site. Treatment group had significantly improved scores compared with sham injury group, TBI group and control group. Conclusions HUCB-MSCs transplantation can potentially improve neurological functional after TBI and may be a good alternative to bone marrow cells for stem cell transplantation or cell therapy.

Objcetive To investigate the protective effects of the nitroxides R-1 on human liver cells exposed to ionizing radiation.Methods Human liver cells L-02 were cultured and irradiated with 60Co γ-rays at the doses of 0,1,2,4,and 8 Gy,in order to screen the proper irradiation dose.WR2721 at the terminal concentration of 4 mmol/L was used as positive control.L-02 cells irradiated with 4 Gy were added with R-1 at the terminal concentration of 0.25 μmol/L at 30 min before irradiation or immediately after irradiation.MIT method was used to screen the proper conditions for follow-up experiment 72 h later.L-02 cell culture fluid was added with R-1 at the concentrations of 0,0.125,0.25,0.5,and 1 μmol/L,respectively for 30 min before irradiation at the doses of 0,1,2,4,and 8 Gy to ealculate clone formation rate at 10 d post-irradiation.L-02 cells were cultured and divided into 4 groups:control group without any treatment.drug group pretreated by 0.25 μmol/L R-1 only,irradiation group,irradiated at 4 Gy only,and drug + irradiation group with combination of 0.25 μmol/L R-01 and 4 Gy irradiation.The inverted microscopy and Hoechst 33258 staining and flow eytometry were used to observe the apoptosis of the cells at 24,48,and 72 h later.Results Nitroxides R-1 did not inhibit the viability of L-02 cell when its concentration was less than 1 μmol/L and it inhibited the L-02 cell growth when the concentration wu higher than 2 μmoL/L.The A value and colony formation rate of different concentration of R-1 groups were all higher than those of the irradiation group,and the effect of the 0.25 μmol/L drug concentration group was the most significant.Consequently,the concentration 0.25 μmoL/L was selected for follow-up experiment.Compared with the irradiation group,the L-02 cells of the pretreatment group showed solid adherence, increased refraction,clear outline,less apoptotic and dead cells at 4 Gy post-irradiation.Conclusions Nitroxides R-1 can protect the human liver cells from 60Coγ-ray induced injury effectively.The mechanism of its protective effect may be the reduction of apoptosis.

Objective To explore appropriate organization and financing models of urban employees supplementary medical insurance under the conditions of the market economy. Methods Employee surveys on willingness to participate in, willingness to pay for, and actual enrolment in supplementary medical insurance were conducted in Shanghai, Wenzhou and Chengdu and nationally different operational models were compared so as to analyze prospectively coverage and operational models of feasible supplementary medical insurance options. Results Characteristics of the employees needs for various supplementary medical insurance options were garnered and appropriate coverage and operational models were put forward. Conclusion It is suggested that the role of the government in the development of supplementary medical insurance be clearly defined, the development of supplementary medical insurance be promoted through policy support and guidance, and the supervision of supplementary medical insurance be strengthened.