ObjectiveTo investigate psychological trouble of freshmen and their needs for mental health services in military medical university. MethodsAn half-open questionnaire was employed to evaluate 854 freshmen by group-style in military medical university.Results①Freshmen were most concemed about their training stress,soldier role adaptation and emotional trouble,etc.As compared with the male,the rate of emotional trouble and interpersonal conflict of female were increased obviously ( P＜0.05 ).②The most important factor resulting in psychological problems was poor self-control,learning and training stress,military management,and so on.③The most attracting style of mental health services was communication with psychological personnel,psychological manual and movie,psychological lectures,and so on.As compared with the male,the rate of female were increased in individual counseling obviously ( P＜0.01 ).④Freshmen most focused on education of general psychological knowledge,emotion and stress management,soldier role adaptation,and so on.As compared with the male,the rate of female were increased in emotion and stress management,decreased in service role adaptation obviously ( P＜0.05 ).⑤Freshmen were most interested in emotion management,self-awareness,soldier role adaptation,and so on.As compared with the male,the rate of female were increased in emotion management training and profession programming,decreased in soldier role adaptation obviously ( P＜0.05 ).Conclusion Freshmen's psychological problems and needs for mental health services showed obvious gender difference.Military mental health services should be focused on development objectives,specification of ser-vices ,andimprovement of the service availability in military medical university.

Objective To explore the mental health and its relationship with mental quality of training logistic soldiers in field.Methods Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90) and Mental Quality Questionnaire for armymen (MQQA) were employed to evaluate the mental health and mental quality of 230 training logistic soldiers in field,and then an analysis was carried out on the characteristics of the training logistic soldiers on mental health and its relationship with mental quality.Results ①The psychological problem's ratio of training soldiers was 21.3％,and the ratio of the male(22.8％) was significantly higher than that of the female(15.2％) (x2 =8.64,P=0.00).In SCL-90,the scores of somatization (1.46 ± 0.63),hostility (1.49 ± 0.75) and psychotism (1.43 ±0.68) were all higher in training soldiers than the army norm.The factor scores of somatization (1.49 ± 0.66)and psychotism(1.46 ± 0.72) in the male training soldiers were considerably higher than those of the male soldiers norm (P ＜ 0.05),but not in the female(P ＞ 0.05).②There existed a significantly negative correlation between the factor scores of the mental quality and that of SCL-90 (P ＜ 0.05,P ＜ 0.01).③The SCL-90 scores existed clear differences in obsessive-compulsive,interpersonal sensitivity,depression,hostility and paranoid ideation among different mental quality groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The mental health of training logistic soldiers is poor.The mental health is closely related to the mental quality.Therefore,the mental health education and mental quality training should be strengthened to the training logistic soldiers.

Objective To explore the effects of group psychological training on mental health of military students and field soldiers.Methods A total of 60 students and 48 soldiers received group psychological quality training and studied a textbook Mental Quality Training for armymen for 3 months.Mental Quality Questionnaire for Amymen (MQQA),Symptom CheckList 90 (SCL-90),Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS),Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI) were employed to evaluate mental health and psychological quality of subject before and after the training.All the data were analyzed by independent-samples t test.Results (1) The difference in MQQA score of field soldiers before and after training was significantly larger than that of military students in loyalty and general score,and lower in willpower((-16.58 ± 7.75) vs.(-1.75 ± 8.68),(-27.74 ± 28.74) vs.(-12.57 ± 30.96),P ＜ 0.05).(2) The SCL-90 difference of field soldiers between before and after training was significantly larger than that of military students in hostility and phobic anxiety((0.26 ±0.47) vs.(0.07 ± 0.24),(0.13 ± 0.40) vs.(0.02 ± 0.13),P ＜ 0.05).(3) The difference in emotion score of field soldiers between before and after training was significantly larger than that of military students in SAS,SDS,SAI,TAI and STAI (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The effects of group psychological quality training on field soldier group are better than that of military students,which is helpful to improve mental quality and mental health,as well as to relax anxiety and depression of soldiers.

BACKGROUND: The normal clinical index and the standard error of ultrasonic bone density in the population of normalchildren aged 6-12 years have not yet been established. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the status of ultrasonic bone density in the population of normal children aged 6 to 12 years old in Shenzhen City and establish a normal reference index of ultrasonic bone density of this population. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. SETTING: Ultrasound Department of People's Hospital in Longgang District of Shenzhen City. PARTICIPANTS: The volunteers for ultrasonic bone density detection were chosen froma kindergarten, an elementary school and a middle school between March 2002 and April2003. Excluded were those who had bone fracture and received medication of hormone and other drugs within 6months that affected bone metabolism, and menstrual history. Altogether we chose 697 normal children, 367 boys and 330 girls whose age ranged from 6 to 12 years old. METHODS: SAHARA ultrasonic bone density apparatus (the US) was used, and corrected according to the standard body model after the operation began.The error of precision was below 1％ and the error of accuracy was 3％. Bone density of the left heel of the children was detected and body mass (kg) and height (cm) were also measured using the same height and weight scale. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The correlation between bone densityof the heel and sex, age and body mass in the population of normal children aged 6 to 12 years. RESULTS: The normal reference values of bone density in the population from 6 to 12 years old were (0.445±0.166) g/cm2 in 6-year-old group,(0.509±0.151) g/cm2 in 7-year-old group, (0.510±0.133) g/cm2 in 8-year-old group, (0.519±0.132) g/cm2 in 9-year-old group, (0.520±0.153) g/cm2 in 10-year-old group, (0.53±0.175) g/cm2 in 11-year-old, and (0.545±0.206) g/cm2 in 12-year-old group. There were differences in bone density between boys and girls (P ＜ 0.001), and after correction by body mass, the difference disappeared. Bone density of the boys and girls had increasing linear correlation with age (male r=0.722, P ＜ 0.001; female r=0.785, P ＜ 0.001), and had significant relationship with body mass (r=0.984, P ＜ 0.001). CONCLUSION: In normal children aged 6 to 12 years old, bone density of the heel has no association with sex, but has increasing linear correlation with age and significant relationship with body mass.

ObjectiveTo study the effect of adaptive group psychological training on mental quality and emotion of soldiers.MethodsA total of 48 soldiers ( experiment group) received group psychological training and read a textbook,Mental Quality Training for soldiers,for 3 months,and the other 45 soldiers served as control group.Armyman mental quality inventory (AMQI),self-rating depression scale (SDS) and state-trait anxiety inventory(STAI) were employed to evaluate the mental quality and emotion of soldiers before and after training.All data were analyzed by paired-sample t test.Results ①As compared with pre-training,the AMQI scores of training group increased significantly in bravery ( 71.50 ± 9.59 ),self-confidence ( 68.24 ± 8.36 ),aptitude ( 74.54 ± 10.81 ),loyalty(75.29 ± 8.08 ) and general score ( 359.07 ± 20.30 ) (P ＜ 0.05,P ＜ 0.01 ) ; and no significant difference were found in those of control group(P ＞ 0.05 ).②When compared with pre-training,the scores of SDS (39.00 ±8.38),SAI(40.14 ±9.92),TAI(41.16 ±7.47) and STAI(81.30 ± 12.52) of training group decreased significantly (P ＜ 0.05,P＜ 0.01 ) ; and no significant difference was found in those of control group(P ＞0.05 ).ConclusionGroup psychological training can improve mental quality of soldiers,which is helpful to relax anxiety and depression of soldiers.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and the indication and the management of perioperative complications in treatment of infra- kidney abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) by using endovascular graft exclusion (EVGE). Methods From April 2006 to September 2008, 24 patients with infra- kidney abdominal aortic aneurysms were diagnosed by contrast-enhanced CT or MRI scan. Vascular access was obtained through the bilateral femoral artery after arteriotomy and stent-graft was deployed into AAA of below the renal artery to occlude the left over cavity of AAA. The stent- graft was extended and anchored to the both side wall of AAA, the blood flow enter into the arteria iliaca communis through the sten't.Results Stent-graft deployment was successfully performed in all the patients. Immediate aortography after the procedure showed no leakage in 20 patients and the type Ⅰ minor leakage in 4 patients. No stent movement or organ and both lower extremities ischemia was found at the early post operative stage in all the patients. Six months after the operation, in all the 24 patients, contrast-enhanced CT scan showed the disappearance of the aneurysm and thrombosis at the level of the stent. Conclusions EVGE is simple,minimally invasive,less complication and quick recovery after operation. Thus it becomes first choice for the treatment of AAA for the elder patients.

Objective: To explore effect of alprostadil on wound healing of scalded rats and the mechanism. Methods: According to random number table method, forty-eight Sprague Dawley rats were divided into sham scald group, simple scald group, lithium chloride group, and alprostadil group, with 12 rats in each group. Rats in sham injury group were sham injured on the back, and rats in the other three groups were inflicted with 30% total body surface area deep partial thickness scald on the back.Immediately after scald, rats in sham scald group and simple scald group were injected with 1 mL saline through caudal vein, and rats in lithium chloride group and alprostadil group were injected respectively with 1 mL lithium chloride and alprostadil through caudal vein. Saline, lithium chloride, and alprostadil were injected once in a day and lasted for 14 days. General wound appearance and wound healing rate on post scald day (PSD) 7, 10, 14 were observed and calculated. Expressions of protein and mRNA of Wnt1 and β-catenin on PSD 14 were detected. Data were processed with analysis of variance of factorial design, one-way analysis of variance, Student Newman Keuls q test, t test, and Bonferroni correction. Results: (1) On PSD 7, wounds of scalded rats in each group formed dry eschar and had little exudation. On PSD 10, wounds of rats in simple scald group were covered with eschar, with little exudation, and wounds of rats in lithium chloride group were covered with eschar, and partial wounds healed under the eschar. On PSD 10, partial eschar of rats in alprostadil group desquamated; partial wounds healed; newly burned skin was ruddy. On PSD 14, partial wounds of rats in simple scald group were healed under eschar with little exudation. On PSD 14, most of the eschar of rats in lithium chloride group were desquamated with patial wounds healed and little exudation. On PSD 14, wounds of rats in alprostadil group were basically healed with vigorously growing hair on the back. (2) On PSD 7, the wound healing rates of rats in simple scald group, lithium chloride group, and alprostadil group were close (F=0.41, P>0.05). On PSD 10 and 14, wound healing rate of rats in lithium chloride group and alprostadil group were significantly higher than that in simple scald group (q=5.73, 17.45, 26.30, 11.28, P<0.05), and wound healing rate of rats in alprostadil group was significantly higher than that in lithium chloride group (q=32.03, 28.73, P<0.05). (3) On PSD 14, the mRNA expressions of Wnt1 and β-catenin of rats in lithium chloride group and alprostadil group were significantly higher than those in simple scald group (q=65.40, 19.16, 66.79, 18.41, P<0.05), and the mRNA expressions of Wnt1 and β-catenin of rats in simple scald group was significantly higher than those in sham scald group (t=14.86, 4.46, P<0.05). (4) On PSD 14, the protein expressions of Wnt1 and β-catenin of rats in lithium chloride group and alprostadil group were 0.98±0.05, 0.98±0.06, 0.97±0.06, and 1.00±0.06, which were significantly higher than 0.49±0.04 and 0.66±0.04 of rats in simple scald group (q=34.62, 22.38, 33.61, 23.47, P<0.05). On PSD 14, the protein expressions of Wnt1 and β-catenin of rats in simple scald group was significantly higher than 0.29±0.03 and 0.31±0.03 of rats in sham scald group (q=14.73, 23.88, P<0.05). Conclusions Alprostadil can accelerate wound healing through activating Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway and upregulating the expressions of Wnt1 and β-catenin.

Objective:To explore the clinical significance of serum nuclear factor κ B, interleukin(IL)-4, IL-10, IL-12, interferon(IFN)- γ expression in subclinical hypothyroidism with gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods:Thirty pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism combined with gestational diabetes mellitus in Tangshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2017 to October 2018 were retrospectively analyzed as group A. Thirty three pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism were selected as group B, 35 pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus as group C and 40 healthy pregnant women as control group.ELISA was used to detect NF-κB, IL-4, IL-10, IL-12 and IFN-γ, and the results were analyzed and compared.Results:The serum levels of NF-κB were (15.91±5.68), (13.22±5.23), (12.97±5.11), (9.74±3.85) μg/L, IL-12 were (28.91±6.84), (21.64±5.72), (22.23±5.91), (13.68±3.76) ng/L, and serum IFN-γ levels were (23.74±5.55), (18.26±4.63), (17.85±4.31), (12.69±3.85) ng/L in A, B, C and the control group respectively.There were statistically significant differences in the three indicators between groups ( F=5.118, 6.821, 7.133, all P<0.05), and group A was higher than group B, C and control, the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05); the levels of serum IL-4 in group A, B, C and control group were (8.91±3.99), (10.84±4.47), (11.27±4.62), (13.68±5.46) ng/L, respectively.The levels of serum IL-10 were (10.91±3.86), (13.05±4.58), (12.83±4.69), (15.82±5.33) ng/L, respectively.The differences of serum IL-4 and IL-10 between groups were statistically significant ( F=5.075, 5.616, all P<0.05), and serum IL-4 and IL-10 in group A were lower than those in group B, group C and control group.The levels of serum IL-4 and IL-10 in group B and C were lower than those in control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion:The activation of NF-kB signaling pathway and its related cytokines may be the influencing factors for the development of subclinical hypothyroidism with gestational diabetes mellitus.

COVID-19 currently is a major pandemic disease in the world. It is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a member of the β-coronavirus genus that has 79% homology with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) virus and can lead to acute respiratory infection. While COVID-19 patients typically present with respiratory symptoms such as fever, cough, some patients also report symptoms of digestive system. Studies have identified the SARS-CoV-2 RNA in stool specimens of infected patients, and the viral receptor angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is found to be expressed in gastrointestinal epithelial cells, hepatic cells and pancreatic cells, suggesting that fecal-mouth route is a potential route for transmission of SARS-CoV-2. This article reviewed the digestive manifestations and pathogenesis of patients with COVID-19.

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of anxiety and depression of postgraduates in military medical university under public health emergencies.Methods:By means of self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS), 944 postgraduate students of a military medical university were investigated to analyze their characteristics of anxiety and depression. SPSS 25.0 was used to statistically analyze the collected data.Results:①The positive rates of anxiety and depression were respectively 8.03% and 8.25%. ②The positive rate of anxiety of male postgraduates was significantly higher than that of female postgraduates ( P=0.035). ③The positive rate of anxiety of serviceman students was significantly higher than that of civilian students ( P=0.022). ④There was no statistical difference in the positive rates of anxiety and depression among postgraduates in different areas ( P > 0.05). ⑤The levels of anxiety and depression of left-behind children were significantly higher than those of unleft-behind children ( P=0.000, P=0.018). ⑥The levels of anxiety and depression of postgraduate students were lower than those of undergraduate students ( P=0.000, P=0.002). Conclusion:Under the outbreak of public health emergencies, anxiety and depression occur in the postgraduates. To strengthen the mental health maintenance of postgraduates in military medical university during the outbreak, it is necessary to pay more attention on the mental health of military students, males and who were left-behind children before.