Object Isolation and structural determination of the chemical constituents from the 95% ethanol extract of the pericarp of Sphaerophysa salsula (Pall.) DC. Methods To isolate chemical constituents, solvent extraction together with column chromatography was used. Physico-chemical characters and spectroscopic analysis were employed for structural identification. Results Four compounds were identified as 5?-stigmast-3-one (Ⅰ), 5?-stigmast-3, 6-dione (Ⅱ), stigmast-4-en-3-one (Ⅲ), 3?, 6?-stigmast-4-en-3, 6-diol (Ⅳ). Conclusion All these compounds were first isolated from the plants of Sphaerophysa DC.

OBJECTIVE To explore the change in ROS and its significance in diagnosis and therapy in patients with acute respiratory infective disease. METHODS By means of flow cytometer,the concentration of serum ROS was measured in 30 acute pneumonia patients and 24 acute upper respiratory tract infection patients before and after the stimulation on PMN with PMA and 21 controls. RESULTS The serum ROS was increased significantly in the acute pneumonia group(group A) and the acute upper respiratory infection group(group B) than in control group(groupC) before the stimulation of PMA(P

Objective To observe the development of Schistosoma japonicum in Oncomelania hupensis. MethodsOncomelania snails were infected heavily with miracidia of S.japonicum and the snails were dissected in different time. The mothersporocysts, daughtersporocysts and cercariae were collected, fixed with Bouin's fluid, dyed with carminic stain, enveloped with neutral gum and examined. ResultsThe neural rings were found in 1-24 hours old mothersporocysts and disappeared in 2 days. In the mothersporocysts, germinal cells increased and developed to germ balls. One germ ball developed to one daughtersporocyst. In daughtersporocysts, there were germ balls of different development stages and at last they developed into cercariae. ConclusionThe development process from the miracidium to mothersporocyst, to daughtersporocyst, to cercaria is observed.

Objective To investigate the relation between CD44v6 and lymph node metastasis and prognosis of gastric carcinoma. Methods The expression of CD44v6 in 100 cases of advanced human gastric carcinoma was detected by immunohistochemical two-step method. Its relation with clinical pathology and prognosis was analyzed. Results CD44v6 expression occurred in 64%(64/100) of all gastric carcinomas; with the increase of depth of cancer invasion and local lymph node metastasis, the expression of CD44v6 elevated. Conclusion CD44v6 plays an important role in lymph node metastasis of human gastric carcinoma. It may be used as a new indicator to predict metastatic potential and prognosis of gastric carcinoma.

Objective To summarize the experience of diagnosis and management of bleeding with GIVM.Method The clinical data of 26 patients admitted from 1989 to 1999 were analyzed retrospectively.Results GIVM with bleeding were revealed by endoscopies (42%),by ECT (55%),by selective arteriography (83%),by barium radiography (0%),and by exploratory laparotomy(100%).1 case was cured by conservative treatment.Bleeding intestinal segment was resected in 14 cases.4 cases were cured by interventional therapy.The others were cured by sclerosing agent injection,or by suture ligation of the dilated vessel or arterial gastroduodenalis.Conclusions Endoscopy is the first choice in the bleeding from GIVM.ECT may beused later if endoscopy is useless.Selective arteriography is the most valuable method in GIVM diagnosis.If necessary, exploratory laparotomy and intraoperative endoscopies may be used.Resecting bleeding segment is the most effective treatment.Other methods such as interventional therapy and suture ligation of dilated vessel are also effective.

Objective To investigate the correlation of Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU ) infection and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection .Methods 348 outpatients in the obstetrics and gynecology clinic of our hospital were performed the retrospective analysis .The cervical secretion samples were collected and simultaneously detected the common high risk types of HPV DNA (16 , 18 ,31 ,33 ,45 ,52 ,56 ,58) and UU DNA by using fluorescence quantitative PCRAB7300 detecting instrument .The two groups of da‐ta were set .In the first group ,UU DNA positive was taken as the experimental group and UU DNA negative as the control group , the data in the two groups were performed the detection positive rate analysis of common high‐risk HPV DNA .In the second group of data ,UU DNA copy number greater than 104 was taken as the positive control and UU DNA copy number less than 104 as the negative control ,two groups of data were performed the detection positive rate analysis of common in high‐risk HPV DNA .Results In the first group of data ,the UU DNA detection rate reached 67 .5 (235/348) ,the HPV DNA detection rate with UU positive was 14 .89% (35/235) ,while which with UU negative was 7 .07% (8/113) ,the difference between the two groups of data had sta‐tistically significant(χ2 =4 .302 3 ,P<0 .05) .In the second group of data ,the HPV detection rate with UUDNA copy number grea‐ter than104 was 17 .75% (30/169) ,while which with UU DNA copy number less than 104 was 7 .57% (5/66) ,the difference be‐tween the two groups of data was statistically significant (χ2 =3 .877 3 ,P<0 .05) .Conclusion UU infection has a correlation with HPV infection ,UU infection will increase the probability of HPV infection ,moreover with UU content increase ,the HPV infection is increased .

Objective To delineate the m orp hology and ecology of a new human schistosome species. Methods (1)Adult schistosomes were obtained from infected mice and rabbi ts with cercariae shedding from snails which were infected with miracidia devel oping from the eggs in feces of acute schistosomiasis patients. (2)T he rabbits were dissected during 60-100 d infection period of cecariae, and thei r bladders were taken out for detecting eggs in the urine. (3)Schistosome eggs i n the feces of patients were examined with microscopy. Results (1)There were two types of male worms: one was with an average o f size 8.76 mm long and 0 43 mm wide while the other with an average size of 2 41 mm long and 0 091 mm wide and with undeveloped gynecophoral canal which ap peared in front of ventral sucker (2)There were two types of female worms: one was with an average of size 10 73 mm long and 0 74 mm wide while the other wi th an average of size 3 43 mm long and 0 12 mm wide and was fine, semitranspar ent and tape like with undeveloped ovary and vitellaria. Less than 10 eggs or none were found in t he uterus. (3)There were a lot of degenerated and black eggs in the feces of 2 p atients. (4) Schistosome eggs were detected in the urine and miracidia were hatc hed out from 8 out of 16 infected rabbits.(5) Others: 8 worms were detected in 1 mouse out of 12 dissected mice for evaluation of infectious water with sentry m ice in spite of that no Oncomelania snails were found in the area. Cercariae stayed on water surface in lying position like a c omma. The eggs returned forwardly a fter growing behind the ovary in female worm. ConclusionAccording to the primary investigation in morphology an d ecology, the new schistosome obtained is distinct from the 6 well defined ty p es of human schistosome. It is considered that a new schistosome species should be foun d and temporarily nominated as Schistosoma nanjingi( S.n.)

Objective To study the prognostic value of procalcitonin (PCT) level in the outcome of patients with paraquat poisoning (PQ).Methods The clinical data of 128 patients with acute PQ admitted to emergency department were collected from March 2013 through March 2014.The patients were divided into two groups:the death group and the survival group (survival of 28 days).Poisoning doses,urine concentration of PQ,time elapsed from poisoning to admission,and time elapsed from poisoning to gastrolavage were documented.And on the 1 st day,the 3rd day and the 7th day after poisoning,serum PCT were detected.The level of PCT was used to investigate the prognostic values in patients with acute PQ in the death group and survival group.Results Of 128 cases,72 (56.3％) survived and 56 died in 28 days.Among them,the level of PCT increased to some extent in the first day in 90 cases,and 48 patients died.According to trend analysis,the levels of PCT in death group on the 1st day,the 3rd day and the 7th day after PQ were significantly higher than those in survival group [ld:(0.96 ±0.13) vs.(0.08 ±0.01),3d:(1.12 ±0.14) vs.(0.28 ±0.05),7d:(1.22 ±0.14) vs.(0.20 ±0.03),P ＜0.01].There was a trend of escalating PCT levels in death group,whereas the PCT level reached the peak on the 3st day and decreased gradually in the following days in survival group.The early PCT level was obviously related to poisoning doses,urine concentration,CRP,WBC,ALT,CR (the coefficient of association were 0.794,0.723,0.724,0.332,0.700,0.414,respectively,P＜0.01).Conclusions The serum level of PCT increased in patients with acute PQ was significantly positively correlated with the oral dose and urine concentration of paraquat,and it can be used as an indicator for PQ severity.There is important clinical significance in detecting the change of serum level of PCT for estimating the condition of patients and evaluating the prognosis.

To study the effect of the problem-based manifold teaching methods in nursing psychology teaching. The results show that majority of the students believe the problem-based manifold teaching methods can improve their interests in study and ability of self-study, reinforce the relationship between teachers and students and enhance the skill of self- healthcare.

Objective To compare the mental health among students of the Han,Y i,Ham,Dai,Lahu and Wa nationalities in Pu 'er Health school and provide the basis for mental health education of minorities.Methods A total of 2894 students of grade one and two,which are the Han,Yi,Hani,Dai,Lahu and Wa nationalities of Puer health school in Yunnan Provinc,were tested with SCL-90.And then an analysis was carried out by the characteristics among different nationalities on mental health.Results ①The psychological problem's ratio of minorities in Health school students was 40.3％.Detection rate of psychological problems in descending order is Wa 48 (55.8％),Dai 75 (41.4％),Yi 258 (41.0％),Hani,182 (40.2％),Han 557 (39.1％) and Lahu 46 (38.3％).The factor scores in descending order were obsessive-compulsive (38.6％),interpersonal sensitivity (33.2％),phobic anxiety (27.5％),hostility (25.3％),depression (23.6％),anxiety (22.4％),paranoid ideation (21.9％),psychotism (17.4％) and somatization (13.7％).②The ratio of psychological problems among different nationalities had shown significant differences (P＜0.05,P＜0.01) except for hostility factor.③In SCL-90,the scores of minority medical school students were all higher than those in the national youth norm.There existed significant differences among the most factor scores of SCL-90 (P＜0.01,P＜0.05).④The mental health of Wa was the worst.While,the mental health of Yi and Lahu were better than other ethnic groups.Conclusion The mental health of minorities medical school students is not optimistic.Therefore,the mental health education should be strengthened in the minority medical school students.