Objective To investigate the correlation of Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU ) infection and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection .Methods 348 outpatients in the obstetrics and gynecology clinic of our hospital were performed the retrospective analysis .The cervical secretion samples were collected and simultaneously detected the common high risk types of HPV DNA (16 , 18 ,31 ,33 ,45 ,52 ,56 ,58) and UU DNA by using fluorescence quantitative PCRAB7300 detecting instrument .The two groups of da‐ta were set .In the first group ,UU DNA positive was taken as the experimental group and UU DNA negative as the control group , the data in the two groups were performed the detection positive rate analysis of common high‐risk HPV DNA .In the second group of data ,UU DNA copy number greater than 104 was taken as the positive control and UU DNA copy number less than 104 as the negative control ,two groups of data were performed the detection positive rate analysis of common in high‐risk HPV DNA .Results In the first group of data ,the UU DNA detection rate reached 67 .5 (235/348) ,the HPV DNA detection rate with UU positive was 14 .89% (35/235) ,while which with UU negative was 7 .07% (8/113) ,the difference between the two groups of data had sta‐tistically significant(χ2 =4 .302 3 ,P<0 .05) .In the second group of data ,the HPV detection rate with UUDNA copy number grea‐ter than104 was 17 .75% (30/169) ,while which with UU DNA copy number less than 104 was 7 .57% (5/66) ,the difference be‐tween the two groups of data was statistically significant (χ2 =3 .877 3 ,P<0 .05) .Conclusion UU infection has a correlation with HPV infection ,UU infection will increase the probability of HPV infection ,moreover with UU content increase ,the HPV infection is increased .

Objective To evaluate risk factors for multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDRAB)infec-tion,so as to provide reference for making preventive and control measures of MDRAB infection.Methods Clinical data of patients with Acinetobacter baumannii (A.baumannii )infection in a hospital between April 2011 and Sep-tember 2012 were surveyed,distribution and specimen sources of A.baumannii and MDRAB were analyzed,and risk factors of MDRAB were assessed.Results Of 236 isolates of A.baumannii,74 (31.36%)were MDRAB .The isolation rate of MDRAB in intensive care unit and neurosurgery department was up to 60.00%(27/45)and 58.06%(18/31)respectively;MDRAB were mainly isolated from wound (45.45%),respiratory tract (34.27%),and urinary tract (17.65%).Univariate analysis revealed that difference in length of hospital stay,use of serum albumin,fiberbronchoscopy, coma days,tracheotomy,use of ventilator,incisional drainage,urinary catheterization,use of carbapenems,and antimicro-bial days in different groups were statistically different (P <0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that tracheotomy(OR95%CI :1.152-7.187),use of ventilator(OR95%CI :1.263 -7.664)were independent risk factors for MDRAB infection.Conclusion Tracheotomy and use of ventilator play an important role in the producing and sprea-ding of MDRAB ,management on drug-resistant bacteria is important in reducing MDRAB infection.

Objective To explore the bacteriostatic efficacy of snake venom antibacterial peptide OH-CATH and chitosan as ar-tificial implant coating on escherichia coli (E .coli) .Methods The catheters and dacron patches (blank group ,chitosan group ,cef-operazone group and antibacterial peptide group) were performed the pretreatment .Then the in vitro bacteriostatic test was conduc-ted to evaluate the antibacterial activity U value on E .coli ATCC 25922 and cephalosporin-resistant E .coli on 1 d and on 7 d after putting it into plasma .Results The cefoperazone group and the antibiotic peptide group had the very powerful antibacterial activity on E .coli ATCC 25922 on 1 ,7 d ,but the antibacterial activity of the cefoperazone group was stronger than that of the antibiotic peptide group(P<0 .05);the cefoperazone group had no antibacterial activity on cephalosporin-resistant E .coli ,but the antibiotic peptide group had significantly antibacterial activity on 1 ,7 d(P<0 .01) .Conclusion Snake venom antibacterial peptide OH-CATH has very obvious antibacterial effect on the standard strain and drug-resistant strain of E .coli and its value applied in artificial im-plant coating is affirmed .

Objective To investigate how gene silence of CD40 by small interfering RNA(siRNA)influences the balance between Th1 / Th2 and Th17 / Treg in rats with experimental autoimmune myocarditis(EAM). Methods Lewis rats were divided into a normal - control group,EAM group,CD40 siRNA - therapy group and siRNA - control group by using random number table. EAM,CD40 siRNA - therapy and siRNA - control groups were immunized on day 0 and day 7 with purified porcine cardiac myosin to establish EAM,and CD40 siRNA was administered intravenously on day 7. The basic data of each group were observed,and the rats were executed on day 21 to study the pathology of myo-cardial tissues and the myocardial histopathology scores were calculated,and than the changes in electrocardiograms (ECG)and echocardiogram were recorded. Enzyme - linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to determine the levels of interferon(IFN) - γ,interleukin(IL) - 10,IL - 17 and transforming growth factor(TGF)- β in peripheral blood. Results (1)The overall incidence of EAM,CD40 siRNA - therapy and siRNA - control group was 100% ,and no rats died from day 0 to day 21.(2)There were only 2 premature rats in EAM and siRNA - control groups,and the ECGs of normal - control group and CD40 siRNA - therapy group were normal.(3)The echocardiogram of EAM,CD40 siRNA - therapy and siRNA - control group,displayed the left ventricular dilatation,hypertrophy of the left ventricle, the weakening of the left ventricular wall motion,and heart failure,and pericardial effusion was discovered. The left ven-tricular fractional shortening(LVFS)and the left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)of rats treated by CD40 siRNA were higher than those of rats in the EAM group[(46. 70 ± 8. 25)% vs(34. 28 ± 11. 81)% ,(80. 92 ± 11. 76)% vs (64. 03 ± 12. 60)% ,F = 0. 652,0. 234,all P ﹤ 0. 05].(4)Pathologic examination of the EAM group,CD40 siRNA therapy group and siRNA control groups,showed myocardial fiber fracture,myocardial tissue necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration. But myocardial tissue pathological scores of the cardiac tissue of CD40 siRNA therapy group was lower than those of the EAM group(2. 10 ± 1. 07 vs 3. 40 ± 0. 72,F = 1. 290,P ﹤ 0. 05).(5)ELISA method examination re-vealed that the levels of IFN - γ,IL - 4,IL - 17 and TGF - β in EAM group were increased compared with those of nor-mal control group[(1 245. 55 ± 244. 56)ng/ L vs(501. 53 ± 18. 93)ng/ L,(78. 03 ± 10. 47)ng/ L vs(30. 77 ± 1. 74)ng/ L,(80. 82 ± 13. 33)ng/ L vs(27. 98 ± 3. 01)ng/ L,(156. 27 ± 12. 11)ng/ L vs(4. 33 ± 0. 79)ng/ L,t =7. 408,10. 764,9. 250,30. 608,all P ﹤ 0. 05]. However,the levels of IFN - γ and IL - 17 in CD40 siRNA therapy group were lower than those in the EAM group[(940. 62 ± 128. 40)ng/ L vs(1 245. 55 ± 244. 56)ng/ L,(60. 42 ± 12. 40) ng/ L vs(80. 82 ± 13. 33)ng/ L,t = 2. 704,2. 745,all P ﹤ 0. 05],while the levels of IL - 4 and TGF - β were higher [(97. 91 ± 13. 62)ng/ L vs(78. 03 ± 10. 47)ng/ L,(178. 84 ± 12. 10)ng/ L vs(156. 27 ± 12. 11)ng/ L,t = 2. 835, 3. 229,all P ﹤ 0. 05]. Conclusions The administration of CD40 siRNA markedly reduces myocardial inflammation of EAM rats and improves their cardiac function,which can be explained by Th1 - type and Th17 - type cytokines inhibi-ted,Th2 - type and Treg - type cytokines increased,and so then the imbalance of Th1 / Th2 and Th17 / Treg corrected.

Objective To analyze the related factors of thyroid incidental cancer.Methods A total of 68 patients were selected.They were with preoperative definite or highly suspected adenocarcinoma of one side thyroid gland,while the lateral was without nodules or nodules were not suspected.They were received total thyroidectomy or lymphadenectomy of cervical lymph node in Department of General Surger-y,Jiangsu Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital between 2016-07 and 2017-07.They were divided into incidental papillary carcinoma group and non-incidental papillary carcinoma group.The related factors of thyroid incidental cancer were analyzed. Results There were no statistically significant differences in gender(P=1.000),age(P=0.750),cervical lymph node enlargement(P=1.000),diameter of primary cancer nodule(P=0.910),diameter of primary carcinoma(P=0.660),the ratio of carcinoma and nodule (P=0.560)and lateral cervical lymph node metastasis(P=1.000)between the two groups.There were statistically significant differences in complicating with other carcinoma(P=0.038),Hashimoto's thyroidi-tis(P=0.013),increase of TSH(P=0.003),the location of primary carcinoma(P=0.038),multiple or single of primary carcinoma(P=0.014),infringement of coated(P=0.021)and center cervical lymph node metastasis(P=0.044).The analysis showed that the increase of TSH and multiple primary carcino-mas were the independent risk factors for IPC.There was significant difference between the two groups in diameter of the contralateral nodules(P=0.016).There was no significant difference in multiple or single of the contralateral nodules(P=1.000).Conclusion In the cases with preoperative definite or highly suspected adenocarcinoma of one side thyroid gland accompanied with increasing of TSH and multiple pri-mary carcinomas,an increased risk of incidental cancer in the lateral adenocarcinoma should be paid at-tention.

Objective To explore the effect of CD40 small interfering RNA(siRNA)on the expressions of pe-ripheral blood interleukin(IL)-21 and IL -35 in rats with experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM)and its sig-nificance.Methods Twenty 6 -8 week male Lewis rats were divided into normal group,EAMgroup,CD40 siRNA group and siRNA group by using random number table,with 5 rats in each group.The normal rats were induced with phos-phate buffer saline in double foot pads on day 0 and day 7,while the rest 3 groups were induced with cardiac myosin protein to establish EAMmodels.The rats in CD40 siRNA group and siRNA group were respectively injected with CD40 siRNA and siRNA slow virus expression vector through the tail vein of rats on day 7.The rats were executed on 21 day after echocardiogram examination was made.The histopathologic changes were observed by using light microscope and the myocardial histopathology scores were calculated.Enzyme -linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the levels of IL -21 and IL -35 in peripheral blood.Results (1)Except the normal group,the total incidence rate of rats of each group was 100%,and there was no rat death.(2)Compared with EAM group,the heart mass/body ratio and myocardial histopathology scores were lower in CD40 siRNA group,and the differences were significant (3.13 ±0.21 vs 3.80 ±0.29,2.22 ±0.43 vs 3.32 ±0.51,F =0.332,0.456,all P <0.05).(3)The echocardiogram showed that there was only 1 rat in EAM group with massive pericardial effusion,and there was no pericardial effusion in CD40 siRNA group.EAMgroup,CD40 siRNA group and siRNA group displayed hypertrophy of the ventricular septum and left ventricular wall,narrow heart cavity and weakening of ventricular wall motion.The left ventricular shortening rate in CD40 siRNA group was significantly higher than that in the EAMgroup[(63.34 ±11.06)% vs (38.56 ±6.98)%,F =16.080,P <0.05].(4)The peripheral blood level of IL -21 in CD40 siRNA group was lower than that in EAM group [(141.19 ±17.46)ng/L vs (157.81 ±17.58)ng/L,F =57.008,P <0.05],while its level of IL -35 was signifi-cantly higher than that in the EAMgroup [(195.96 ±18.26)ng/L vs (174.78 ±13.91 )ng/L,F =31.727,P <0.05].(5)The level of IL -21 in peripheral blood was positively correlated with myocardial histopathology scores in EAM group (r = 0.69,P < 0.05 ),but IL -35 was negatively correlated with myocardial histopathology scores (r =-0.64,P <0.05).Conclusions CD40 siRNA might relieve the myocardial inflammation and reduce the myocar-dial injury of EAMrats.The levels of IL -21 and IL -35 can partly reflect the degree of myocardial injury.The mecha-nism may be related to down -regulating the expression IL -21 and up -regulating the expression of IL -35.

Objective:To investigate the clinical features of patients with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis misdiagnosed as mental disorder, improve the early diagnosis rate and reduce misdiagnosis.Methods:The clinical data of patients with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis diagnosed at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from 2012 to 2018 were collected. Patients misdiagnosed as mental disorders were screened out. Their psychiatric symptom characteristics, disease course characteristics, imaging and laboratory findings, treatment and prognosis were retrospectively analyzed.Results:A total of 121 cases of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis were collected, and 43 cases of mental disorders were screened out. Sixteen of the 43 patients (37.2%) had prodromal symptoms, and all the patients had psychiatric behavioral abnormalities (100%), including 32 cases (74.4%) of seizures, 13 cases (30.2%) of decreased level of consciousness, 21 cases (48.8%) of involuntary movements, 15 cases (34.9%) of decreased memory, 8 cases (18.6%) of speech dysfunction, and 8 cases (18.6%) of other neurological symptoms (central hyperventilation, autonomic dysfunction). Memory loss was observed in 15 cases (34.9%), speech dysfunction in 8 cases (18.6%), other neurological symptoms (central hypoventilation, autonomic dysfunction) in 8 cases (18.6%), and various symptoms may appear simultaneously or successively in the same patient. Thirty-eight cases had complete resolution of symptoms or only minor physical impairment, and 5 cases had recurrent admissions with mental abnormalities and seizures. The recurrence rate accounted for 11.6% (5/43).Conclusions:The clinical manifestations of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis are complex and varied. Most of them have mental behavior abnormalities as the first symptom, which is easily misdiagnosed as mental disorder and delayed treatment will lead to prolonged disease course and poor prognosis.

Objective:To investigate therole of serum amylase elevation in the evaluation of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) patients and the related factors affecting serum amylase (AMS) levels in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis.Methods:A total of 249 patients with DKA who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from November 2011 to August 2018 were selected for this retrospective study. The patients were divided into the normal group ( n=176) and the elevated group ( n=73) according to the AMS level measured by fasting venous blood samples. The enumeration data such as sex, type of DM, diabetic vascular complications, number of deaths, number of ICU monitoring, and number of acute pancreatitis (AP) after discharge were analyzed by chi-square test or Fisher test, and the measurement data such as age, pH, HbA1c, CO 2CP, Ca 2+, BUN, and Scr were analyzed by independent sample t test to compare the difference between the two groups. Results:The intensive care unit (ICU) monitoring rate was 50.7%, the median length of stay in ICU was 4 days, the median length of hospital stay was 14 days, and the median treatment cost was 28 000 yuan, which were higher in the elevated group than those in the normal group ( P<0.05). There were no significant differences in mortality, AP during hospitalization, and the probability of AP after discharge between the elevated group and the normal group ( P>0.05). The duration of diabetes, the number of previous DKA, the incidence of diabetic vascular complications, HbA1c, pH, BUN, and Scr in the elevated group were all higher than those in the normal group ( P<0.01 or P<0.05). Conclusions:DKA patients with elevated AMS are more likely to be admitted to ICU, and the length of stay in ICU, total length of hospital stay and total cost of treatment are all increased. Where as the overall mortality rate during hospitalization and the likelihood of AP after discharge are not increased.

Objective:This study was aimed to explore the associations between the risk of dental fluorosis and the serum biomarkers of bone metabolism in children.Methods:A total of 502 children aged 7 - 12 years were selected by cluster sampling from 4 primary schools in Tongxu County, Kaifeng City, Henan Province from April to May 2017. Morning urine and fasting peripheral blood samples were collected from each participant. Urinary fluoride concentration was determined by fluoride ion selective electrode method. Serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP), osteocalcin (OC), calcitonin (CT) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were measured using an automatic biochemical analyzer. Dean method was used to evaluate the prevalence of dental fluorosis in children, and the participants were divided into dental fluorosis group ( n = 173) and control group ( n = 329) after being diagnosed by trained physicians for their dental fluorosis. The associations between the risk of dental fluorosis and the serum biomarkers of bone metabolism in children were analyzed by logistic regression. Results:The levels of serum phosphorus (mmol/L: 1.54 ± 0.19 vs 1.58 ± 0.21) and OC (ng/ml: 11.59 ± 5.22 vs 12.78 ± 5.88) in children in dental fluorosis group were significantly lower than those in children in control group ( P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that serum OC level affected the risk of dental fluorosis [odds ratio ( OR) = 0.96, 95% confidence interval ( CI): 0.92 - 0.99, P < 0.05]. The relative contribution of the biomarkers of bone metabolism to the risk of dental fluorosis in descending order were serum OC (36.34%), phosphorus (25.89%), BALP (13.16%), PTH (9.73%), calcium (9.44%), CT (3.72%) and ALP (1.72%). Conclusions:The prevalence of dental fluorosis in children is related to the changes of serum biomarkers of bone metabolism. Serum OC plays an important role in the occurrence of dental fluorosis.

Objective:To investigate genetic characteristics of human rhinovirus (HRV) in adult inpatients with pneumonia in autumn and winter in Bengbu, Anhui province, 2021.Methods:The pharyngeal swabs of inpatients with pneumonia in Bengbu were collected for the detection of 14 common respiratory pathogens by Real-time PCR during September to December 2021. VP4/VP2 coding regions of HRV positive samples were amplified by nested PCR and phylogenetic tree was constructed using MEGA7.0.Results:A total of 146 samples were collected from inpatients with pneumonia; 35.62% (52/146) samples were positive with at least one pathogen. The four viruses with high detection rate were HRV, adenovirus, human coronavirus OC43 and influenza B virus. HRV positive samples accounted for 44.23% (23/52) of the positive samples, among which 9 cases (39.13%, 9/23) co-infected with HRV. Phylogenetic analysis found that HRV infection were dominated by HRV-A and HRV-B groups. The analysis based on clinical syndrome found that the white blood cells count and the proportion neutrophils of patients with HRV co-infection were higher that of HRV single infection. The proportion of patients with hypertension, diabetes, mechanical ventilation and poor prognosis in the HRV co-infection group were higher than that of HRV single infection group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:HRV is the predominant pathogen among the adult inpatients with pneumonia in Bengbu. HRV-A and HRV-B groups are common. Patients accompanied by hypertension, diabetes were easily co-infected with HRV. Patients coinfeted with HRV are more likely to be mechanical ventilation and poor prognosis.