Objective To study the role Erk/Slug signal pathway in the radiosensitivity of MDAMB-231 cells.Methods MDA-MB-231 cells were transfected with NF-κBp65 siRNA,PUMA siRNA and Slug siRNA respectively or treated with U0126 for 24h,then the cells were irradiated with 4 Gy γ-ray.At different time points post-irradiation,the expressions of Erk1/2,NF-κBp65,Slug and PUMA protein were detected.The cell survival rate and apoptotic index were detected by MTT and TUNEL methods.Resluts Compared with 4 Gy irradiated group,the expression of PUMA was reduced in NF-κB p65 siRNA/4 Gy group,the expressions of Slug and Erk1/2 were obviously decreased but PUMA increased in U0126/4 Gy group,the expression of Erk1/2 had no change but the expression of PUMA increased significantly in Slug siRNA/4 Gyγ group.Meanwhile,at 48h post-irradiation,for U0126/4 Gy group and Slug siRNA/4 Gy group,cells survival rates were decreased to 19.78 ±2.71 (F=11.39,P＜0.05) and 17.41 ±4.58(F=15.31,P＜0.05),cell apoptosis rates were 28.61 ±4.70 (F=9.84,P＜0.05) and 27.55±6.41(F =10.31,P ＜ 0.05),respectively.At 24 h post-irradiation,for NF-κB p65 siRNA/4 Gy group and PUMA siRNA/4 Gy group,cell survival rates approached to 85.65 ± 9.60 (F =12.31,P ＜ 0.05) and 87.53±11.50 (F=13.68,P＜0.05),and cell apoptosis rates declined to 3.28 ±0.78 (F=10.83,P ＜ 0.05) and 3.46 ± 0.84 (F =9.92,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The radiosensitivity of MDA-MB-231cells was relative to the induction of NF-κB up-regulated PUMA,and the radioresistance was caused by the up-regulation of Slug induced by Erk1/2,which inhibited the expression of PUMA.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of distal radioulnar ligament reconstruction by autologous tendon pal‐maris longus transplantation under arthroscopic assistance in treating chronic instability of the distal radioulnar joint .Methods Seven patients with chronic instability of the distal radioulnar joint after failure of conservation therapy were definitely diagnosed by the wrist joint exploration .Then the autologous tendon palmaris longus was taken for conducting the anatomical reconstruction of distal radioulnar ligament ;the average follow up was 12 months .The preoperative and postoperative grip strength and the motion of wrist joint were recorded ;the pain status of the wrist joint was evaluated by using the visual analogue scale (VAS) ,and the wrist function status was evaluated by using the Disabilities of the Arm ,Shoulder and Hand(DASH) and the Modified Mayo Wrist Score (MMWS) .Results The average VAS score of the rist joint motion was recovered from (7 ± 2) points before operation to (3 ± 3) points after operation ,the MMWS score was improved from preoperative (50 ± 9) points to postoperative (83 ± 11) points ,the DASH score was decreased significantly from preoperative (37 ± 15) points to postoperative (16 ± 10) points ,the grip strength was improved from preoperative 84 .5 ± 16 .0 to postoperative 93 .4 ± 11 .0 ,the differences were statistically significant .The mean range of motion(ROM ) in flexion/extension of the wrist was increased from preoperative 93 .5% ± 6 .0% to postoperative 96 .4% ± 3 .0% ,the ROM in pronation/supination of the forearm was increased from preoperative 92 .6% ± 7 .0% to postoperative 97 .2% ± 5 .0% ,but the differences were not statistically significant .Conclusion Under arthroscopic assistance ,the anatomical reconstruc‐tion of the distal radioulnar ligaments is an effective treatment method for treating chronic distal radioulnar joint instability ,its short term follow up has satisfactory effect .

OBJECTIVETo examine the prevalence and the sequence of the genes of new genotypes of hepatitis G virus (HGV) in Guangxi, China.

METHODSSerum samples were collected from 85 intravenous drug abusers (IVDAs), 80 patients with liver diseases (PLDs) and 50 blood donors (BDs). All sera (n=215) were tested by using EIA for HBsAg, anti-HCV and anti-HIV, and by using nested PCR for HGV RNA. In 62 subjects positive for HGV, HGV RNA was sequenced, and a phylogenetic tree was constructed for analyzing genotypes of HGV.

RESULTSHGV RNA was detected in 85 of 215 serum samples (39.53%). The positivity rates for HBsAg, anti-HCV and anti-HIV were 39.07%, 42.79% and 0, respectively. First, 11 nucleotide sequences were determined and the isolates were grouped into three clusters with HGV. 5 of 11 HGV isolates clustered in a distinct phylogenetic branch (genotype Asia) which was different from the described GBV-C and HGV sequences, suggesting the presence of a new genotype of HGV in this locality. Second, 51 nucleotide sequences were determined and analyzed for their genotypes of HGV, and showed genotype GBV-C (3.23%), genotype HGV 30-65% and new genotype (genotype Asia) 64.51%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSThere were subgenotypes in 3 genotypes of HGV; The predominant genotypes of HGV were genotype Asia and genotype HGV among IVDAs, PLDs, and BDs patients in Guangxi, China.

Adult ; Blood Donors ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; GB virus C ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Genotype ; Hepatitis C ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Liver Diseases ; virology ; Male ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA, Viral ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, RNA ; Substance Abuse, Intravenous ; virology

OBJECTIVETo screen for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC)-associated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) and identify oncogenic lncRNA contributing to ESCC pathogenesis.

METHODSA lncRNA array containing 7419 lncRNA was used to detect the transcriptional profiles of lncRNA of four pairs of ESCC and matched normal esophageal tissue. Bioinformatic analysis was employed to identify differentially expressed ESCC associated lncRNA (ESCCAL). Quantitative real-time PCR was used to verify selected dysregulated lncRNA on independent ESCC samples.

RESULTSGenome-wide transcriptome profiling (coding and or noncoding RNA transcripts) was able to distinguish ESCC from normal tissue. Among these, bioinformatic analysis has identified 154 differentially expressed ESCC associated lncRNA (ESCCALs), which included 111 downregulated and 43 upregulated lncRNA in ESCC relative to the normal tissue (P< 0.01). The highest upregulated lncRNA (ESCCAL_1) and known onco-lncRNA HOTAIR was further verified in 26 paired ESCC samples. ESCCAL_1 and HOTAIR were found to be highly expressed in 17 ESCC and 18 ESCC compared with normal esophageal tissues.

CONCLUSIONThis investigation has revealed large scale aberrant expression of lncRNA in ESCC. About 70% of novel lncRNA-ESCCAL_1, together with a known lncRNA-HOTAIR, are highly expressed in ESSC, suggesting that ESCCAL_1 and HOTAIR may participate in the pathological process of ESCC. Furthermore, lncRNA could be potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for ESCC.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; methods ; Humans ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Prognosis ; RNA, Long Noncoding ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Objective: To explore the cross classification of tibial plateau fractures combined with avulsion fracture of medial femoral condyle. Methods: The 16 patients were retrospectively analysed as an observation group who had been treated at Department of Lower Limbs, Sichuan Orthopaedic Hospital for tibial plateau fracture and avulsion fracture of the medial condyle of the same femur from January 2015 to December 2018. They were 9 males and 7 females, aged from 27 to 78 years (average, 51.5 years). By the Schatzker classification, there were 2 cases of type Ⅰ, 8 cases of type Ⅱ, 3 cases of type Ⅲ and one case of type Ⅳ; by the cross classification, there were 10 cases of type Ⅰe, one case of type Ⅱe and 2 cases of type Ⅲe and 3 cases of type Ⅰv. The 332 patients were included as a control group who had been treated at the same department for simple tibial plateau fracture from January 2010 to December 2015. The imaging data of the 2 groups were compared to find out the charateristics of cross type distribution; the widened distance of the lateral tibial plateau, collapse depth of the tibial plateau, separation of avulsion fracture of medial femoral condyle, maximum clearance of the medial knee and eversion angle of the tibial plateau were investigated in the patients with cross types e and Ⅰv in the observation group. Results: In the observation group, the widened distance of the lateral tibial plateau averaged 7.18 mm, the collapse depth of the tibial plateau 8.74 mm, the separation of avulsion fracture of medial femoral condyle 3.44 mm, the maximum clearance of the medial knee 7.77 mm, and the eversion angle of the tibial plateau 87.03°. There was a significant difference in the cross type distribution of tibial plateau fractures between the 2 groups (P=0.002). In the observation group, the average widened distance of the lateral tibial platea for the 13 type e patients (8.49±4.26 mm)was significantly larger than that for the 3 type Ⅰv patients (1.51±2.11 mm) (t=2.706, P=0.017). Conclusion The cross classification of tibial plateau fractures with avulsion fracture of mediall condyle of the same femur may result mainly in types e and type Ⅰv. The widened distance of lateral tibial plateau helps distinction between types e and type Ⅰv.

Objective:To evaluate the accuracy and safety of cervical pedicle screw (CPS) placement under orthopaedic robot navigation system guidance.Methods:From March 2019 to February 2021, the data of 33 patients (19 males and 14 females, aged from 26 to 75 years, with an average age of 50.5 years) treated with pedicle screw fixation with the assistance of orthopaedic surgery robot through the posterior cervical spine were retrospectively analyzed. In clinical diagnosis, there was upper cervical fracture with instability in 14 patients (fracture nonunion in 2 patients), upper & subaxial cervical fracture in 1 patient, cervical spinal cord injury with spinal stenosis in 2 patients, cervical spinal stenosis in 9 patients, occipitocervical deformity in 2 patients, post-operative revision of cervical spondylosis in 2 patients, cervical intraspinal tumor in 3 patients. A total of 151 CPSs were inserted in C 1-C 7 using robot navigation system based on intraoperative three-dimensional C-arm fluoroscopy to assist in screw placement in posterior cervical surgery. Among them, 74 screws were implanted into upper cervical spine; 77 screws were implanted in the lower cervical spine. CT was used to obtain image data within 7 days after operation, and Neo classification was used to evaluate the accuracy of cervical pedicle screw placement. The patients were followed up for 2 weeks to observe the clinical symptoms and signs, and to determine whether there were surgical complications such as nerve and blood vessel injury and incision infection. Results:According to Neo classification, 91.4% (138/151) screws were completely contained in the pedicle without breaking through the pedicle cortex (grade 0). Among them, the accuracy of C 1 screws was 97.1% (34/35), C 2 screws was 92.3% (36/39), C 3 screws was 88.2% (15/17), C 4 screws was 71.4% (10/14), C 5 screws was 85.7% (12/14), C 6 screws was 93.3% (14/15), C 7 screws was 100.0% (17/17). The screw accuracy was highest in C 7, the lowest in C 4. The Kruskal-Wallis H test was performed on the accuracy of screw placement in different cervical level, and the results showed that there was no statistical difference (χ 2=1.31, P=0.971). However, a total of 13 screws were found to perforate the cortex of pedicle, although any neural or vascular complications associated with CPS placement were not encountered. Among them, 9 screws were found to perforate laterally, and 4 screws were found to perforate medially. No postoperative incision infection occurred in all cases. Conclusion:The safety of CPS placement can be effectively guaranteed with the assistance of the orthopaedic robot system.

Objective:To screen plasma exosomal protein molecular markers in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) by applying Label-Free quantification and bioinformatics analysis.Methods:Fifty plasma specimens from the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (from January 2021 to June 2022) were collected from SCI patients and healthy people, respectively. Plasma exosomes were isolated using ultracentrifugation and identified by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis and western blot. Plasma exosomal differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were analyzed using Label-Free quantitative proteomics, and DEPs were characterized, annotated, and enriched based on Gene Ontology (GO) and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) databases. The screened DEPs were validated by western blot and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using plasma exosomal specimens.Results:According to the spinal cord injury classification of the American Spinal Injury Association, 14 cases were grade A, 19 cases were grade B, 12 cases were grade C, and 5 cases were grade D. Plasma exosomes of SCI patients and control groups showed typical cup-like morphology, with diameters mainly ranging from 30-200 nm. A total of 493 exosomal proteins were identified by Label-Free quantification, and 126 proteins were screened for differential expression, of which 38 were up-regulated and 88 were down-regulated. GO annotation revealed that DEPs were mainly involved in functions such as protein activation cascade, complement activation and immune response. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that DEPs were involved in biological pathways such as complement and coagulation cascade reactions, proteasome and neurodegenerative disease pathways. Two candidate proteins, APOB and S100A9, were initially screened based on quantitative results from proteomics and bioinformatics analyses. Western blot results showed that the relative expression of S100A9 protein in plasma exosomes of 30 SCI patients (1.62±0.19) was elevated compared with that of 30 control groups (0.86±0.24), and the difference was statistically significant ( t=8.55, P<0.001), while the relative expression of APOB protein (1.06±0.13 and 1.02±0.23) were not statistically significant ( t=0.46, P=0.653). The results of ELISA analysis showed that the expression of S100A9 in plasma exosomes of patients with different degrees of SCI (grade A 197.7±11.7 pg/ml, grade B 151.7±15.2 pg/ml, grade C 136.3±14.7 pg/ml) had statistical significance ( F=69.94, P<0.001), the higher the severity of SCI, the higher the expression of S100A9 in plasma exosomes (A vs. B, q=13.11, P<0.001; A vs. C, q=15.66, P<0.001; B vs. C, q=4.19, P=0.005). Conclusion:S100A9 is a potentially valid plasma exosomal molecular marker for assessing the severity of SCI.

Osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture in the elderly will seriously reduce their quality of life and life expectancy. For osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture in the elderly, spinal reconstruction is necessary, which should comprehensively consider factors such as the physical condition, fracture type, clinical characteristics and osteoporosis degree. While there lacks relevant clinical norms or guidelines on selection of spinal reconstruction strategies. In order to standardize the concept of spinal reconstruction for osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture in the elderly, based on the principles of scientificity, practicality and progressiveness, the authors formulated the Clinical guideline for spinal reconstruction of osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture in elderly patients ( version 2022), in which suggestions based on evidence of evidence-based medicine were put forward upon 10 important issues related to the fracture classification, non-operative treatment strategies and surgical treatment strategies in spinal reconstruction after osteoporosis thoracolumbar fracture in the elderly, hoping to provide a reference for clinical treatment.