Objective: To study the effect of theanine on delaying exercise-induced fatigue, and reveal its possible mechanism.Method: Mice were randomized into 4 groups:three groups of theanine at doses of 5.6、8.4、12.6 mg/(kg bw?d),and one control group given distilled water.After 30 d,burdened swimming time,serum BUN,liver glycogen,and monoamine neurotransmitters(5-HT、DA and NE) concentrations in brain were measured.Results: Compared with the control group,both the burdened swimming time and the liver glycogen level of 8.4、12.6mg/(kg bw?d)groups increased significantly (P

Objective To investigate the factors that influence the fermentation process of compound Chinese medicine and determining the optimum fermentation with single factor experiment and response surface methodology. Methods Through controlling the factors in the fermentation process of compound Chinese medicine (such as fermentation bacteria, fermentation time, fermentation temperature, inoculum amount, etc.), with its increase rate of total peak area as evaluation indicator, the alcohol extracts before and after fermentation were monitored and comparative evaluated by HPLC, and the optimum fermentation process was determined by response surface methodology. Results The fermentation process optimized by single factor experiment and response surface methodology was as follows:SZ-2 strain served as the fermentation bacteria, temperature was 33 ℃, inoculum amount was 4%, and time was 3.5 d, the average increase rate of total peak area was 31.24%. Conclusion HPLC can be used to identify and evaluate the fermentation of compound Chinese medicine under the different factors, and to clarify the optimal fermentation process by response surface methodology, which provide reference for the development of fermentation process.

Objective: To investigate the effects of different dietary fat on insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance in rats. Methods: Fifty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to five groups and fed on basal diet (low fat diet) and four test diets containing 30.4% fat of total energy as lard, perilla oil, sunflower oil or olive oil respectively for 6 w. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed and blood samples were taken for measurement of serum insulin, triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) level. Insulin sensitivity index (ISI) was calculated and epididymal fat pad was weighed. Results: In comparison with rats fed low fat, rats fed lard had a low ISI and a high serum glucose level 120 min after glucose load. The ISI in groups of sunflower oil and olive oil was markedly higher than in lard group, whereas serum glucose at 120 min was significantly lower. Serum glucose and insulin level both at 0 min and 120 min were significantly lower and ISI was higher in perilla oil group than that in lard group. Moreover, rats fed perilla oil had a low fasting glucose and a higher ISI compared with rats fed sunflower oil, olive oil and low fat respectively. Serum TC and TG were significantly lower in rats fed perilla oil than in rats fed low fat and lard respectively. Relative epididymal fat pad weight was lower in rats fed perilla oil than in rats fed lard. Conclusion: Perilla oil is effective in increasing insulin sensitivity and improving glucose metabolism in rats, and the effects of sunflower oil and olive oil are between that of perilla oil and lard. The hypoglycemic effect of perilla oil might be mediated, at least in part by reducing triglyceride level and body fat accumulation.

Objective: To study the preventive effect of lycopene (LP) on hyperglycemia in alloxan-induced diabetic rats, and reveal its possible mechanism.Method:Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into 5 groups:three groups of LP at doses of 5, 20, 50 mg(/kg bw ?d)for 15d, one control group and one model group of salad oil. Then alloxan (ALx) were injected intraperitoneally to the rats at dose of 150 mg/kg bw. At D4 and D14 after ALx injection, an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed and body weight was measured, and at D14 GSP, FINS, NEFA, SOD,GSH-Px and MDA in liver were also determined . Results:Compared with the indices in group with ALX injection only,both the 2h blood glucose and GSP in group with medium-dose LP decreased significantly(P

BACKGROUND: It has been demonstrated that amyloid-beta 42 protein (Aβ42) immunization in transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer disease(AD)can induce specific Aβ42 antibody, clear Aβ from the brain, and thereby improve spatial learning and memory. It has been a promising treatment strategy for AD.OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of Aβ42 and its subunit vaccines immunization on spatial learning and memory of APPSWE transgenic mice.DESIGN: A randomized controlled experiment with mice as subjects.SETTING: The brain research laboratory of the anatomy department in a the medical college of a univeristy.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted in the Experimental Animal Center and the Anatomy Department of Sun Yat-sen University from April 2003 to February 2004. Thirty-two APPSWE transgenic mice of 5 months old were bought from Taconic Company, USA. The second generation of mice were successfully reproduced in the Anatomy Department. These mice were randomly assigned into four groups: control group, Aβ42 group, Aβ1-15group, and Aβ36-42 group. Each group contained 8 in each group.INTERVENTIONS: Aβ42 and its subunits combined with MF59 adjuvant were subcutaneously injected for fundamental immunity and then applied in nasal mucosa for intensified immunization. The immunization period was 8 months. Y-maze was used for behavior test before immunization and Morris water maze was used after immunization.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Spatial learning and memory, mean escape latency, times of passing through the platform point, swimming distance percentage of the first quadrant, and swimming distance percentage of the 20% marginal area.RESULTS: The correct reaction times in Y-maze behavior test were 7.50 ±0. 81, 7.06 ±0.71, 7.19 ±0.91, and 7.50 ±0.86 respectively in the control, Aβ42, Aβ1-15, Aβ36-42 groups and there was no significant difference ( P ＞ 0. 05) . After immunization, the mean escape latencies in 8 units of localized navigation test were(67.3 ±2. 8) s, (23.6 ± 1.6) s, (26.4 ±2.0) s,and (36.5 ± 2.2) s. The results in three experiment groups were different from that in control group and there was no difference between the three experiment groups ( P ＞ 0. 05 ) . The mean times of passing through the platform point in the 4 groups were 0.71 ±0.29, 8.14 ± 1.37, 7.28 ± 1.34,and 3.29 ± 0. 67. Swimming distance percentage of the first quadrant in the4 groups were(24.3 ±2.9)%, (50.6±11.6)%, (49.9±9.3) %,and(35.4±7.0)% and the swimming distance percentages of 20%marginal area were (46.4 ± 7.3 ) %, ( 11.6 ± 3.9) %, ( 14.4 ± 2. 6) %, and (25.8 ± 3.3)%. The mice in three experiment groups showed increase in the times of passing through platform point, swimming distance percentage of the first quadrant, and decrease in distance percentage of 20% marginal area compared with control group. The results in three experiment groups were no significantly different( P ＜ 0. 05).CONCLUSION: Immunization with A342 and its subunits can effectively ameliorate impairment of spatial learning and memory in APPSWE transgenic mice.

0 05), but there were significant differen t between the positive rates with APPSWE gene (P

Air ; analysis ; Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ; analysis ; Workplace

OBJECTIVETo investigate the prevalence and relevant factors on the echocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH).

METHODA cross-sectional study was conducted among the hypertensive patients in an urban community.

RESULTSThe prevalence of LVH was 29.2% in 1 686 hypertensive patients, with 25.4% in males and 34.5% in females, respectively. The prevalence was significantly higher in females than in males (chi(2) = 16.17, P < 0.01). The rate was increasing with age and significantly higher prevalence was observed in 45-, 55-, 65- age groups of females (P < 0.05). Moreover, elevated systolic blood pressure and higher BMI were related to the LVH in hypertensive patients, while higher education level seemed a protective factor.

CONCLUSIONThese results implied that a comprehensive intervention should be taken in the prevention of LVH.

Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Blood Pressure ; Body Mass Index ; China ; epidemiology ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Cholesterol, HDL ; blood ; Cholesterol, LDL ; blood ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Echocardiography ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; blood ; physiopathology ; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular ; blood ; epidemiology ; physiopathology ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Sex Factors ; Smoking ; Triglycerides ; blood ; Urban Population

Objective To evaluate aorta's compliance after repair of coarctation of the aorta (CoA)using the pulse wave velocity (PWV)of MRI.Methods A retrospective analysis of cardiac MR images in 22 patients after repair of CoA was performed.PWV was measured and calculated with phase contrast MRI,and echocardiography was performed to measure both ventricular function and myocardial thickness during the same period.Age and sex-matched 22 normal subjects were served as a control group and their aortic PWVs were measured.Results The averaged PWV in study group was significantly higher than that in control group [(4 .42 ± 3 .02 )m/s vs (2 .73 ± 0 .76 )m/s,P =0.02].In study group,the PWV value of children with moderate anastomotic stenosis was the highest. ROC curve analysis showed the highest sensitivity and specificity could be achieved to distinguish the mild or moderate anastomotic stenosis when the threshold for PWV was 3.37 m/s.No significant correlations were found between left ventricular end-diastolic volume,left ventricular end-systolic volume,ejection fraction,left ventricular thickness and PWV.Conclusion PWV is increased in children after repair of CoA.Significant aortic remodelling can be observed in patients with moderate anastomotic stenosis.

Objective: To expand the knowledge of the clinical and molecular characteristics of the children with Bloom syndrome. Methods: Clinical data of two siblings with classic Bloom syndrome of Shanghai Children's Medical Center from January 2009 to June 2017 were obtained and analyzed. The DNA of peripheral blood was collected from two Bloom syndrome siblings and their parents during 2015. The mutations were detected with high-throughput sequencing by Illumina sequencing platform. Results: The two siblings (probands) visited our department for short stature and growth retardation, they had full-term normal delivery after normal pregnancy of their mother. Both cases presented with feeding difficulties, malnutrition, microcephaly and mental retardation, repeated infection, symmetrical short stature and special faces. At first, the proband was an 8-year-3-month old girl, her height was 99.7 cm, body mass index (BMI) 12.07 kg/m², head circumference was 45.5 cm, and birth weight was 1.6 kg. Her younger brother was 3-year-11-month old, his height was 86.6 cm, BMI was 14 kg/m², birth weight was 1.95 kg, and the head circumference reached 36 cm at 16 months. No evidence of cancer and characteristic rash was detected at 8-year follow-up. Pathogenic complex heterozygous mutations c.772_773delCT, p.Leu258Glufs*7 and c.959+ 2T>A in BLM gene were detected in both siblings, which were separately inherited from their unaffected parents. Besides , c.959 + 2T>A has not been reported previously. Conclusions Children with Bloom syndrome are characterized by short stature, microcephaly, special faces, feeding difficulties, and immunodeficiency. And butterfly erythematous rash may be absent. The c.959+2T>A mutation detected in our patients maybe a novel pathogenic mutation.