The Sprouty protein can inhibit cel proliferation and induce apoptosis by specific interventions in the signaling pathways of tumor cells, such as receptor tyrosine kinase signaling pathway. The Sprouty protein, which is often associated with abnormal cell proliferation and transformation, is down-regulated in many tumors, stimulating the initiation and progression of tumors. The Sprouty protein exhibits potential for developing effective treatment against cancer. This paper reviews research progress on Sprouty protein in tumor.

Objective To summarize the basic process to create epidemiological surveillance system. Methods First, make use of the system science, information science, control science and related disciplines as theory, use deductive reasoning to get the basic process of creating epidemiological surveillance system. Then, choose 50 existing epidemiological surveillance system to study, choose the characteristics of epidemiological surveillance system as the fundaction, use inductive reasoning to complete the basic process. Results The basic process of creating the epidemiological surveillance system include: system analysis, set up the logic model of the system, system design, system implementation, system evaluation, system improving. Conclusions Epidemiological surveillance system are indispensable aspects, they should be well integrated in order to ensure the effectiveness of created epidemiological surveillance system.

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the data about endemic fluorosis, and investigate its prevalence and the effects of prevention and cure, so as to suggest more effective measures for the prevention and cure in the future. DATA SOURCES: A computer-based online search of China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and VIP Chinese database was undertaken to identify articles about the distribution, monitoring and effects of prevention and cure of endemic fluorosis published in Chinese from January 1995 to March 2006 by using the keywords of "endemic fluorosis, monitor". STUDY SELECTION: Literatures about endemic fluorosis, including mainly brief introduction, practice in prevention and cure, summary of meeting, etc., the repetitive studies were excluded, and only one of them published the latest was involved. DATA EXTRACTION: Totally 25 relevant literatures were collected, and 18 of them were involved, the others were excluded. DATA SYNTHESIS: The monitoring results showed that until the end of the 2004, 44.51％ of the villages, in the drinking water type disease areas with endemic fluorosis, had executed the low-fluorine treatment of water, and 194 villages had been controlled basically; In the coal pollution type disease areas, 24 villages had been controlled basically,25.42％ of the families had reformed the stoves to prevent the coal pollution. The fluorine in water and air had been obviously declined after the improvement, some place had reached the standard of government.The morbidity rate of dental fluorosis in children of 8 to 12 years old was lower than before; The improving condition was good in most disease areas, and part of them had reached the control line; Meanwhile,the problems also existed that the measures of prevention could not befulfilled completely for the short of money, and the role of decreasing fluorine could not be acted completely because of the ill-management after the changed project.CONCLUSION: After the continuous efforts for tens of years, great progress has been obtained in the prevention and cure of endemic fluorosis,and the prevalence rates of dental fluorosis and skeletal fluorosis have reduced obviously, but many problems also exist at the same time. Therefore,the prevention and cure should be reinforced to restrain its prevalence more effectively.

0.05). The duration of normoglycemia in experimental group was 23～65 days (mean 48 days), while 3～6 days (mean 5 days) in control group, with the difference being very significant between the two groups (P

Objective To study the effect of salina and vitamin E on the antiadverse reaction in nonsmall-cell lung cancer patients treated by chemotherapy. Method 124 cases nonsmall-cell lung cancer patients were selected during December, 2005 and December, 2007. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: A and B group, which were treated by salina plus vitamin E and placebo respectively. First, all patients were treated by radical operation. After operation, conventional chemotherapy (TAX+CBP) was followed. The day before chemotherapy, salina and vitamin E was oral administered to A group until before the third chemotherapy. The interval between chemotherapy was 3 weeks. B group was treated by the same way with placebo. Prior to the third chemotherapy, blood routine examination, liver and kidney function, immune index and antioxidation index were detected. Results After treatment, leukocyte number increased in A group, but decreased in B group. There was no obvious damage founded in liver and kidney function. CHE level was significantly enhanced in A group. The level of SOD in A group was significantly higher than that in B group. Conclusion salina+vitamin E could reduce the leukocyte number decrease caused by chemotherapy, increase the activity of cholinesterase, and enhance the antioxidation function of patients, so it can protect some side effects of chemotherapy in non-small lung cancer patients.

BACKGROUND:Many present studies have reported the early clinical therapeutic effects of short-segment non-fusion fixation for the repair of thoracolumbar burst fracture. The results are satisfactory. However, the mid-and long-term fol ow-up results of this scheme for treating thoracolumbar burst fracture are seldom reported. ＜br> OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the mid-term results of short segment pedicle screw fixation without bone fusion for unstable thoracolumbar burst fracture. ＜br> METHODS:Data of 12 patients with unstable thoracolumbar burst fractures undergoing short segment pedicle screw fixation without bone fusion were retrospectively analyzed. Al patients experienced severe intraspinal occupying and neurological dysfunction, and al of them affected single segment thoracolumbar injuries. The surgical procedure included postural reduction for 2 days and screw fixations at one level above, one level below and at the fractured level itself. The patients underwent removal of implants at 12 months after the initial operation. Imaging and clinical findings, including canal encroachment, percentage of vertebral body height loss, Cobb angle, American Spinal Injury Association motor score, Frankel grade and adjacent segment degenemtion, were evaluated. ＜br> RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Al patients were fol owed up for at least 5 years. Significant differences in canal encroachment, percentage of vertebral body height loss and Cobb angle were detectable between post-fixation and pre-fixation (P＜0.05). Evaluation results were significantly better after fixation than that before fixation, but no significant difference in evaluation results after fixation was detected (P>0.05). After implantation and removal of fixator, none cases affected aggravated symptoms of neurological impairment. American Spinal Injury Association motor score was 34.2±6.3 before fixation, and 47.7±9.5 during the final fol ow-up, showing significant differences (t=-4.103, P=0.000). During the final fol ow-up, adjacent segments in damage levels did not suffer from degeneration in al patients. Neurological function showed the recovery of Frankel grades 1 or 2. These data indicated that a good mid-term result of short segment pedicle screw fixation without bone fusion for unstable thoracolumbar burst fracture with neurological deficit can be achieved. The improved saggital alignment was effectively constructed and maintained. Adjacent segment degeneration was not found at the injury level.

Objective To explore the significance of shock index in the early assessment of patients with severe sepsis and septic shock.Methods A retrospective study of 100 patients with severe sepsis and septic shock admitted in the Emergency Department of the Beijing Friendship Hospital from September 2011 to August 2013 was carried out.According to the 28-day outcome,all patients were divided into survival group (n =48) and death group (n =52).Shock index of patients was calculated at admission (SI1) and 2 hours after resuscitation (SI 2).Results (1) The SI1 and SI2 (1.5 ± 0.05),(1.2 ± 0.04) in the death group were significantly higher than those (1.3 ± 0.08),(0.9 ± 0.05),in the survival group (P ＜ 0.01) ; (2) AUC of SI1 and SI2 of death group were 0.7075 and 0.8894,respectively.The SI2 showed higher sensitivity (80.3％) and specificity (78.4％) compared to SI1.The optimal cut-off point for SI2 was ≥ 1.Conclusions SI2 may potentially be utilized as a reliable predictor for death in patients with septic shock and severe sepsis in an emergency department.

Objective To investigate the ultrasound measured inferior vena cava (IVC) caliber used as an objective indicator to assess water retention of patients with acute heart failure (AHF).Methods A total of 72 consecutive patients with acute heart failure admitted in the emergency department between December 2013 and April 2014 were enrolled.Acute heart failure was defined by the presence of symptoms such as asthmatic embarrassment and nocturnal paroxysmal dyspnea with or without signs of tracheobronchchial rale and edema of lower limbs,and by objective evidence of cardiac dysfunction as well,either a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 45％ or the combination of both left atrium dilation (≥ 4 cm diameter in the parasternal long axis) and a plasma concentration of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) ＞ 450 pg/mL (patients under 50 years old) or ＞ 900 pg/mL (patients over 50 years old and under 75 years old) or ＞ 1800 pg/mL (patients over 75 years old) or ＞ 1200 pg/mL (patients with renal dysfunction,glomerular filtration rate ＜ 60 mL/min).Exclusion criteria were chronic hepatic disease and acute myocardial infarction.Another 22 patients were enrolled as control.Independent t tests were used to compare normally distributed continuous variables between two groups,while nonparametric tests were used to compare non-normally distributed continuous ones,and chi-squared tests were used for categorical variables.The relations between IVC inner diameter and other normally distributed variables were assessed by Pearson correlation coefficients.A 2-sided P value ＜ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results The congestion score and IVC inner diameter were significantly higher in patients with AHF (P ＜ 0.05 ; P ＜ 0.01).The IVC inner diameter was correlated with NT-proBNP concentration (r =0.339,P =0.01 3) and congestion score (r =0.431,P =0.002).There was no relation between IVC inner diameter and LVEF (r =-0.241,P =0.102).IVC inner diameter had significantly positive correlations with pulmonary artery pressure and tricuspid regurgitation (r =0.414,P =0.004 ; r =0.359,P =0.015).Creatinine,blood urea nitrogen,and bilirubin were independently associated with increasing IVC inner diameter (r =0.313,P =0.032 ; r =0.379,P =0.009 ; r =0.385,P =0.007),while IVC inner diameter had negative relation with glomerular filtration rate (r =-0.337,P =0.021).Conclusions The IVC inner diameter can be used as a measurable and objective indicator to estimate the magnitude of access water retention in patients with AHF.

Objective To evaluate the role of routine delayed percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) after thrombosis in the management of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Methods Ninety-eight patients with STEMI who underwent routine delayed PCI after thrombosis and other 82 patients with STEMI who were given conservative strategy after thrombolysis were enrolled in this study and were investigated during their in-hospital period and 6-month follow-up regarding major adverse clinical events (MACE) and the cardiac structure and function by echocardiography. The patients were divided into the control group (conservative strategy after thrombolysis), therapy group 1 (routine delayed PCI after successful thrombolysis), and therapy group 2 (routine delayed PCI after unsuccessful thrombolysis). Results Compared with conservative strategy after thrombolysis, routine delayed PCI after thrombosis decreased in-hospital mortality (4.9% vs 0%, 0%), shortened average hospital stay (25.3 days vs 13.5 days, 15.1days), decreased the need for revascularization for target lesion (7.3% vs 0%, 0%) and lowered the incidence of thrombosis or infarction (7.3% vs 0%, 0%), and also produced lower mortality (13.4% vs 1.4%, 0%), prevented reinfarction (12.2% vs 4.2%, 4.5%) and stroke (2.4% vs 0%, 0%), decreased the need for revascularization for target lesion (28% vs 4.2%, 4.5%) and prevented further left ventricle remodling. Conclusion Routine delayed PCI after thrombosis may to prevent recurrent ischemia, reinfarction, and reocclusion, so as to improve immediate results and 6-month prognosis.

Objective To study the p53 gene mutation induced by organic extract of reclaimed water used in a city. Methods The organic extract of reclaimed water was collected by C18 solid-phase extraction (SPE) and the 16 kinds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the reclaimed water were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). L-02 cells were treated with the organic extract of the reclaimed water at 0.84, 1.68, 3.34 ?l/ml for 24 h. DNA samples for p53 mutation detection was extracted from the cells and subjected to DNA sequencing for detection of mutations in exon 5 of the p53 gene. Results All 16 kinds of PAHs were detected both in input water and reclaimed water. The predominant ones were fluorene and phenanthrene,then naphthalene, acenaphthene, acenaphthylene, anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene and so on. Total PAHs concentration was 1 777.9 ng/L in the input water and 1380.1 ng/L in the reclaimed water. Mutation in exon 5 within the p53 gene was detected in L-02 cells treated with the organic extract of the water. Conclusion PAHs in water can be removed by sewage treatment technology at present, but the remaining PAHs can still induce the mutation of p53 gene, so using reclaimed water has some potential health impacts, the sewage treatment technology employed today should be improved.