This paper summarized the development in physiology teaching during the last ten years and put forward existin problems and possible solutions.

Objective To investigate the influence of serial subcultivation on the immunoregulation of retinal pigment epithelialium cells in vitro.Methods Co-culture-systems of HRPE cells with lymphocytes were established in vitro.The expression of Fas on different passages of HRPE cells and the induction of apoptosis on lymphocytes were observed by flow cytometry. Results When co-cultured with lymphocytes,the expression of Fas was tapering and the duration of culture in vitro was significantly correlated with the expression of Fas(the rate of positive cell: r=-0.859,P0.05).Conclusion HRPE cells beyond 3 passages showed a 1ow capability of immunoregulation and were not suitable for seeds cells for HRPE transplantation.

Objective To explore the protective effects of the combination of fucose and vitamin E on immune suppression caused by chemotherapy in model mice.Methods firstly,the model mice with lung adenoma were induced by urethane.Then the combination of fucose and vitamin E were administered to the mice after taking chemotherapy.T lymphocyte subpopulation and interleukin-2 concentration were detected by FCM to observe the change of immune function of the mice.Results Compared with chemotherapy control group,the combination of fucose and vitamin E could increase the percent of CD3+,CD4+,ratio of CD4+/CD8+ and the concentration of interleukin-2,but decrease the percent of CD8+.Conclusion The combination of fucose and vitamin E can obviously reduce the immune suppression caused by chemotherapy in mice.

Objective To study the effect of salina and vitamin E on the antiadverse reaction in nonsmall-cell lung cancer patients treated by chemotherapy. Method 124 cases nonsmall-cell lung cancer patients were selected during December, 2005 and December, 2007. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: A and B group, which were treated by salina plus vitamin E and placebo respectively. First, all patients were treated by radical operation. After operation, conventional chemotherapy (TAX+CBP) was followed. The day before chemotherapy, salina and vitamin E was oral administered to A group until before the third chemotherapy. The interval between chemotherapy was 3 weeks. B group was treated by the same way with placebo. Prior to the third chemotherapy, blood routine examination, liver and kidney function, immune index and antioxidation index were detected. Results After treatment, leukocyte number increased in A group, but decreased in B group. There was no obvious damage founded in liver and kidney function. CHE level was significantly enhanced in A group. The level of SOD in A group was significantly higher than that in B group. Conclusion salina+vitamin E could reduce the leukocyte number decrease caused by chemotherapy, increase the activity of cholinesterase, and enhance the antioxidation function of patients, so it can protect some side effects of chemotherapy in non-small lung cancer patients.

Objective To observe the epidemic trends of Keshan disease (KD) from 1967 to 2012 in Chuxiong City,in order to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of the disease.Methods The data below was collected and analyzed with epidemiological method.KD cases reported through registration and the death case reported were collected in Chuxiong City from 1960 to 2012,also the reported monitoring results of KD and the adult KD screening results of dilated cardiac patients and mountain patients in 2012 were collected,then epidemic trends of KD was analysed comprehensively.Results There were 1 569 cases of KD registered from 1967 to 2012.There were 566 death cases of KD.The total prevalence rate of KD was 7.7％ (226/2 953) by monitoring children KD at the diseased areas of KD and the potential KD patients accounted for 97.3％ (220/226) from 1990 to 1994.The total prevalence rate of KD was 0.6％ (44/7 174) by surveillance at KD diseased areas from 2005-2012 and the potential KD patients accounted for 70.5％ (31/44),there were 7 children cases of KD under 15 years who accounted for 15.9％ from 2005 to 2012.Totally 313 551 children were given sodium selenium for supplying selenium from 1976 to 2008.Totally 151 cases of KD were found by screening from the patients with dilated cardiac patients since 1988 and they were all chronic KD patients.There were 112 cases of KD in 2012 and there were 6 children cases of KD under 15 years,which accounted for 5.4％.Chuxiong City Keshan disease epidemic presented from subacute Keshan disease to Keshan disease,to latent Keshan disease a slow transition;age from children (＜6 years) to children (＜15 years) to adult-oriented features.Conclusions The incidence and prevalence rate of KD has reached the basic control standards,but children KD is coexisting with adults KD.The pathogenic factors have not been eliminated,disease monitoring and health promotion should be carried out.

Objective To study the p53 gene mutation induced by organic extract of reclaimed water used in a city. Methods The organic extract of reclaimed water was collected by C18 solid-phase extraction (SPE) and the 16 kinds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the reclaimed water were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). L-02 cells were treated with the organic extract of the reclaimed water at 0.84, 1.68, 3.34 ?l/ml for 24 h. DNA samples for p53 mutation detection was extracted from the cells and subjected to DNA sequencing for detection of mutations in exon 5 of the p53 gene. Results All 16 kinds of PAHs were detected both in input water and reclaimed water. The predominant ones were fluorene and phenanthrene,then naphthalene, acenaphthene, acenaphthylene, anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene and so on. Total PAHs concentration was 1 777.9 ng/L in the input water and 1380.1 ng/L in the reclaimed water. Mutation in exon 5 within the p53 gene was detected in L-02 cells treated with the organic extract of the water. Conclusion PAHs in water can be removed by sewage treatment technology at present, but the remaining PAHs can still induce the mutation of p53 gene, so using reclaimed water has some potential health impacts, the sewage treatment technology employed today should be improved.

This article is oriented from Southern Medical University's long-term humanities caliber education practice.It summarizes successful practices and the distinctive characteristics,namely inheriting medicine humanities and army eminent tradition,Lingnan cultural integration and commitment to make the science spirit and the humanities spirit into organic combination.

Objective To explore the association between the minimum temperature in different seasons and the hospital emergency room visits for cardiocerebrovascular diseases(International Classification of Diseases,tenth vision ICD-10:I00-I99) in Beijing,China.Methods The data of the daily hospital emergency room visits for cardiocerebrovascular diseases(ICD-10:I00-I99)from one of Peking university hospitals,the data of relevant ambient air pollution from the Beijing Municipal Environmental Monitoring Center and the data of meteorological index from China meteorological data sharing service system between 2004— 2006 were collected The time-stratified case-crossover design was used to analyze the data.Results After adjusting SO2,NO2,and PM10,the results showed that each 1 ℃ increase in the daily minimum temperature in summer was associated with the intraday hospital emergency room visits(OR=1.039,P

Objective To explore the association between the daily maximum temperature and hospital emergency visits for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases ( ICD-10: I00～I99) in different seasons in Beijing, China. Methods The data of the daily hospital emergency visits for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (ICD-10: I00～I99) from a Level-3A hospital in Haidian district in Beijing during 2004-2006 and the corresponding meteorological, air pollution data were collected. The seasonal-stratified case-crossover design and Logistic multiple regression model was used for the data analysis. Results After adjusting the influence of relative humidity, wind speed and atmospheric pressure, for 1℃ increase in daily maximum temperature, the corresponding increase in the hospital emergency visits of the diseases was 17.3%(OR=1.173, 95%CI:1.149～1.197) and 4.2% (OR=1.042, 95%CI: 1.011～1.074) in spring and summer of the years, respectively (P0.05). Conclusion The increase of daily maximum temperature may be a risk factor for daily hospital emergency visits for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in spring and summer, however, it may be a preventive factor in autumn. The effects of air temperature on health should not be the same in seasons.

Objective To investigate the degree of cardiac function impairment, and clinical implications of BNP,TnT and TnI in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock retrospectively by comparing the differences in levels of BNP,TnT and TnI among those patients.Methods From December 2005 through December 2010,98 patients admitted with severe sepsis ( n =57 ) or septic shock ( n =41 )were enrolled to be studied.The inclusion criteria were ( 1 ) echocardiography was performed; (2) levels of serum BNP,TnT and TnI were determined on the 1st day,3rd day and 7th days after admission.These 98 patients were divided into 2 major groups:severe sepsis group (S) and septic shock group (SS) ; and each major group was further divided into 4 subgroups,including severe sepsis normal cardiac function (Sn) ;severe sepsis abnormal cardiac function (Sa); severe sepsis death (Sd),severe sepsis survival (Ss);septic shock normal cardiac function ( SSn ),septic shock abnormal cardiac function ( Ssa ),septic shock death (SSd) and septic shock survival (SSs).Then comparisonsof the plasma levels of BNP,TnT and TnI were carried out among groups respectively.The morality difference between groups S vs SS,and Savs Sn,and Ssa vs SSn were compared by using the Chi-square Test.The differences in BNP,TnT and Tnl between groups were compared by SNK-q test.Correlation between ejection fraction (EF) value and those biomarkers was calculated by Pearson correlation coefficient.The relationship between those biomarkers and outcomes was determined by using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Results ( 1 ) There were no significant differences in levels of BNP and TnI between group S and SS,but TnT level in patients of SS group was significantly higher than that in S group ( P =0.001 ).( 2 ) TnT,BNP,Tnl levels in Sa group were significantly higher than those in group Sn; and BNP level in group SSd was significantly higher than that in SSs group (P =0.001 ).(3) BNP,TnT and TnI levels in group Ssa were significantly higher than those in group SSn,and BNP level in SSd group was significantly higher than that in SSs ( Pday 1 =0.001,Pday3 =0.001,Pday7 =0.016). (4) TnT and TnI levels in group SSn were significantly higher than those in group Sn,and BNP levels in SSn group on the 1st day,3rd day and 7th days were significantly higher than those in Sn group (Pday1 =0.006,Pday3 =0.006,Pday7 =0.001).(5) Higher mortality rates in group S and group SS were associated with higher BNP level.(6) Group Sa and Ssa had higher mortality rate than group Sn and SSn ( Sa vs.Sn,P ＜ 0.05,Ssa vs.SSn,P ＜ 0.05).(7) EF and serum BNP level in group Sd and group SSd at admission had negative correlation ( r =- 0.603,P ＜ 0.01 ),and BNP level higher than 0.39 ng/ml within the first 72 hours after admission may be an independent prognostic factor of mortality ( sensitivity 92.9％,specificity 80.8％ ).Conclusions Plasma BNP,TnT,TnI levels have a positive correlation with cardiac function impairment. Significant elevation in BNP,TnT,and TnI levels indicates sever cardiac dysfunction and thus a worsening prognosis is expected.Serum BNP could be a useful diagnostic indicator for the septic patients with cardiac dysfunction.