0.05); there was a significant difference between the groups, in which the thickness of tumor was less than 5 mm, and the other one, in which the thickness was greater than 5 mm (P

Objective To improve the vascular anastomosis of the rat small intestinal transplantation, reduce the ischemia of transplanted intestine and make it apt to survive, simplify the operation procedure, elevate the operation success rate. Methods Artery anastomosis was done by employing the cuff anastomosis between a segment of donor abdominal aorta with superior mesenteric artery and recipient abdominal aorta, and venous anastomosis by employing the cuff anastomosis between donor's portal vein and recipient's left renal vein, namely Tri cuff anastomosis. Results Sixty six out of 70 transplant operation cases survived with the operation success rate being 92.9 % . Total operation time was about 2 3 h . The average time for the arterial anatomosis and venous anastomosis was (5?2) min and (2?1) min, respectively. Conclusion The method simplifies the rat small intestine transplantation, shortens the operation time and improves the operation survival rate.

The inverse cancer comorbidity in schizophrenia patients may be related to the genetic factors ,involving the regu‐lation of apoptosis .The tumour suppressor gene TP53 ,involved in neural apoptosis ,is one of the potential candidate genes associat‐ed with schizophrenia which might reduce colorectal cancer risk .We recruited 270 schizophrenia patients and 312 colorectal cancer patients without schizophrenia .To examine the genetic association between schizophrenia and colorectal cancer ,we analysed eight SNPs (rs12951053 ,rs1625895 ,rs2909430 ,rs9895829 ,rs1042522 ,rs8079544 ,rs8064946 ,rs17806770) covering 14 .35 kb in the re‐gion of TP53 .We observed that one of the eight genetic polymorphisms showed statistically significant differences between the colo‐rectal cancer subjects and the schizophrenia subjects (rs12951053 ,P=0 .000 1 ,OR 1 .70 ,95% CI 1 .30-2 .23) .In addition ,the hap‐lotype of A‐G (rs12951053‐rs8064946) ,giving a global P=0 .001 8 ,was the most significant .Our data indicate that the polymor‐phisms of rs12951053 in TP53 confer reduced susceptibility to colorectal cancer and suggest a potential protective mechanism a‐gainst colorectal cancer in the schizophrenia patients of Han Chinese origin .

Objective To analyze the clinical prevalence,distributed characteristic of different ages,clinical characteristics and pathogenic factors of chronic abdominal pain in children.Methods A database in which outpa-tient and inpatient of abdominal pain during 2 -14 years old were collected from January 2011 to December 2015 was established by utilizing HIS system.A statistical analysis was made in age,sex,onset time,time of duration,mesenteric lymph node status and surgical situation.Results A total of 13 256 times abdominalgia were enrolled from January 2011 to December 2015.7 390 patients were diagnosed as unexplained abdominal pain,including 1 005 patients (13.59%)were diagnosed as chronic abdominal pain.A male -to -female ratio was 1.06:1.The average age was 6 years(ranged 2 -14 years).The average age of the boys was (6.02 ±2.87)years,which of the girls was (5.93 ± 2.79)years,there was no statistically significant difference between them(t =0.47,P =0.63).The peak age of chro-nic abdominal pain in children was mainly from 3 to 7 years old.The incidence decreased with age increased.The average time of duration was (16.70 ±11.69)months,that of the boys was (17.39 ±12.12)months,and that of the girls was (15.96 ±11.19)months,there was statistically significant difference between them(t =1.93,P =0.05). Mesenteric lymphadenectasis was detected in 731 patients(72.74%).The age constituent ratio decreased with age increased.The peak age of the prevalence coincided with peak age of the mesenteric lymphadenectasis.21 patients underwent surgical procedures,organic lesions accounted for 2.08%.Conclusion The peak age of the prevalence of chronic abdominal pain in children is mainly from 3 to 7 years old.Potential organic causes are rarely linked to chronic abdominal pain in children.Most of them are functional abdominal pain.The appendix and mesenteric lymphadenecta-sis might play an important role in children with chronic abdominal pain.The therapeutic aim of CAP in children is to make the children back to their normal life by exclude the organic causes and relieve their pain.The natural history of chronic abdominal pain suggests that symptoms remit spontaneously with increasing age.

Objective To enhance the level and ability of measuring pesticide residues in raw milk and find out the primary factors of affecting measurement uncertainty.Methods The mathematic model of measurement was established in order to evaluate measurement uncertainty of organophosphorus pesticide residues in raw milk with gas chromatography.Results The standard measurement uncertainty of organophosphorus pesticide residues in raw milk made up of weighing,sampling and diluting procedures,standard matter,sample volume,instrument calibration.The calculating formula of expanded measurement uncertainty was U=k?CX?urel(tptal).The expression of measurement result was C=CX?U.Volume of 6 kinds of organophosphorus pesticides residues were 0.4?0.050,0.4?0.029,0.4?0.027,0.4?0.029,0.4?0.057,0.4?0.034(mg/kg) respectively in raw milk which the standard matter of pesticide was added in.Conclusion From the evaluation of measurement uncertainty of pesticide residues in raw milk with gas chromatography,we can see that the measurement uncertainty is composed of many factors,which commonly comes from random variable and fuzzification,and can be assessed by statistic distribution and standard deviation.

Objectives:The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of soybean oil emulsion on stress response and immune function after surgery for esophageal cancer. Mehtods:Patients who underwent esophagectomy with thoracotomy were divided into two groups.Group A(15 patients) received fatfree parenteral nutrition(PN) as the control group.Group B(18 patients) were fed by PN with soybean oil emulsion.There was no significant difference between the two groups in regard to either clinical backgrounds,nutritional parameters, or proteins measured before and after the operation. Results:The serum levels of cortisol and IL6 were significantly higher on the first and third postoperative days(P

Objective To summarize the experience in microsurgical treatment of multiple intracranial aneurysms.Method Eight patients with 17 aneurysms were analyzed retrospectively.Results Seven patients were followed uq from 0.5 month to 10 years. According to Student's standard, the results in 5 patients were excellent and 2 good. One patients with bilateral PCom aneurysm died 1 week after operation.Conclusions Multiple intracranial aneurysms should be removed as soon as possible, especially bilateral ones. The best way is first to clip the bled aneurysm and then the contra lateral one by using coronal incision and bilateral pterional approach. The approach has the advantage of minimal invasion, good exposure, and less time-consuming.

ObjectiveThe efficacy and safety of nitrous oxide-sedated transnasal gastroscopy for high-risk patients of intravenous anesthesia were evaluated. MethodsA total of 157 patients were randomly assigned to the nitrous oxide group ( n =80) and the oxygen group ( n =77). Heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, blood pressure and electrocardiogram were monitored. Complications in both groups were recorded.Satisfaction degrees of patients and endoscopy physicians were evaluated with a questionnaire and visual analog scale (VAS) score. The questionnaire questions for physicians included the procedure evaluation ( steady, ok, unsteady). Patients' questionnaire questions included discomfort (light, moderate, severe), the patients' tolerance ( fine, moderate, weak) and the patients' willingness to undergo a second procedure. Statistical analysis was performed between the two groups. ResultsSix of the toal 157 patients were removed because of the operation failure (difficulty in access to nasal cavity in 5 patients and nose bleeding in one patient), 151 patients underwent the transnasal gastroscopy successfully and completed the questionnaires. In experimental group, there were 37 males and 41 females (mean age was 67.7 years, ranging 16-88 years, 7 patients were grade 1 of ASA, 61 were grade 2, and 11 were grade 3). In the control group, there were 36 males and 37 females (mean age was 67.9 years, ranging 17-86 years, 6 patients were grade 1 of ASA, 57 were grade 2, and 9 were grade 3). There was no differences in sex, average age and ASA grade between the two groups (P ＞ 0. 05 ). There was no difference in the mean operation time between the two groups, either (200. 1 s vs 200. 3 s) ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). There were no significant differences between the two groups in changes of blood oxygen saturation, blood pressure, electrocardiogram and complication rates ( P ＞ 0. 05 ).Both physicians' and patients' positive evaluations of the experimental group were more than that of the control (P ＜ 0. 05 ), while physicians' and patients' negative evaluations of the experimental group were less than the control (P ＜0. 05). VAS of physicians' satisfaction in the experimental group was higher than that of the control group (84 vs 70, t =14. 67, P ＜ 0. 05), and VAS of patients' satisfaction in the experimental group was superior to the control group (82 vs 71, t =11.56, P ＜ 0. 05). The number of patients wiring to undergo a second procedure in the experimental group was higher than that of the control (89. 7％ vs 69. 9％, P ＜ 0. 05). ConclusionNitrous oxide-sedated transnasal endoscopy is an effective and safe procedure for high risk patients of intravenous anesthesia.

ObjectiveTo assess the diagnostic value of EUS for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.MethodsClinical data of 26 patients with final diagnosis of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors,who had underwent EUS and EUS-FNA,were retrospectively analyzed.Results On EUS,pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors presented as hypoechoic masses with clear margins and rich blood flow.Of the 26 pancreatic lesions,3 were in the head,2 in unicate process,2 in neck,11 in body and 8 in tail.The tumors presented with function in 16 ( mean size 9 mm),and on function in 10 ( mean size 29 mm).EUS-FNA yeilded positive results in 22 patients and negative in 4.The accuracy rate of EUS for preoperative localization was 100％ in 23 patients who underwent surgery.ConclusionEUS can provide accurate preoperative localization and pathologic evidence for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.

Objective To study the function of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in type 2 diabetes model rats and its effect on focal cerebral ischemia induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion in these rats. Methods Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion for 6 hours in type 2 diabetes rats and normal control rats.Blood vessels morphology was examined by ink perfusion,infarct size was measured by TTC and expression of VEGF and CD34 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry staining. Results Ink perfusion revealed increased number of small vessels in type 2 diabetes rats. Infarct size was significantly smaller in type 2 diabetes rats ( ( 80. 07 ± 11.21 ) mm3 ) than that in normal controls ((98. 91 ± 14. 86) mm3,t = 2.48,P = 0. 0326). There were more hemorrhage lesions in the ischemic hemisphere in type 2 diabetes rats when comparing with the controls. VEGF and CD34 showed significantly higher expression in type 2 diabetes rats than in normal controls. Conclusions High expression of VEGF and CD34 are found in type 2 diabetes rats after middle cerebral artery occlusion. There is cerebrolvascular remodeling in diabetes rats. While this diabetes-induced remodeling appears to prevent infarct expansion,the changes also increase the risk of hemorrhagic transformation. The latter may result in poor prognosis.