AIM: To study the suitable conditions of the extraction-separation process of the indirubin in Folium Isatidis with NIR. METHODS: The indirubin was chromatographed on an aluminium oxide column and chloroform-ethyl acetate as eluting agent,eluate was recrystalized by methanol-acetone. RESULTS: The indirubin extracted by this method was of high purity (97.78%).The sample purity was similar to reference substance one((98.01%)).The spectra of NMR and IR are the same. CONCLUSION: This method is proved to be fast,safe,lower cost,simple and has good results.

AIM:To establish the chromatographic fingerprint of Carthamus Tinctorius L.by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).METHODS:The chromatographic fingerprint of Carthamus Tinctorius L.was established by HPLC with a RP-C_ 18 column,acetonitrile-water(0.5 phosphoric acid)gradient elution,a DAD diode array detector at 275 nm and the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min,column temperature of 25 ℃。 RESULTS:34 co-peaks of Carthamus Tiuctorius L.were gained from 10 producing provinces.Its basic features were rough consistent each other.Hydrosafflor yellow A,was selected as marker,among samples the content of Xinjiang was the highest in the all samples.CONCLUSION:This method provides useful information for identification of traditional Chinese medicines,the fingerprints of samples of Carthamus Tinctorius L.can be used to control the quality combined with content determination.

OBJECTIVETo develop a simple and rapid capillary electrophoresis (CE) method for the separation and determination of four active organic acids including salicylic acid, syringic acid, benzoic acid, and anthranilic acid in Radix Isatidis.

METHODThe HPCE system consisted of a fused-silica capillary column of 47.3 cm (38.3 cm to the detector) x50 microm i.d. and a mixture ofacetonitrile-borate buffer (15% acetonitrile, 25 mmol L(-1) borate, 15 mmol L(-1) beta-CD, pH 9.10) solution as the operating buffer. The applied voltage was 11.5 kV and the UV detection was set at 220 nm. The effects of the applied voltage, detection wavelength, and the pH of buffer, the concentration of buffer, acetonitrile and beta-CD were investigated.

RESULTThe linear calibration rang was 3.0-90 mg L(-1) (r=0.9994) for salylic acid, 4.0-120 mg L(-1) (r=0.9995) for syringic acid, 2.0-60 mg L(-1) (r=0.9998) for benzoic acid and 5.0-100 mg L(-1) (r=0.9992) for anthranilic acid. The recoveries of salylic acid, syringic acid, benzoic acid and anthranilic acid were 95.9%-102.6%, 98.6%-103.4%, 98.7%-104.1%, 96.1%-104.3% respectively. The detection limits of salylic acid, syringic acid, benzoic acid and anthranilic acid were 0.7, 1.1, 1.2 and 1.5 mg L(-1), respectively.

Benzoic Acid ; analysis ; Electrophoresis, Capillary ; Gallic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; analysis ; Isatis ; chemistry ; Linear Models ; Reproducibility of Results ; Salicylic Acid ; analysis ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; ortho-Aminobenzoates ; analysis

Group-A rotaviruses are recognized as the most common cause of acute diarrhea. Phylogenetic analyses of the VP7 genes of rotaviruses circulating in Nanjing (China) could aid in the development of rotavirus vaccines. A total of 908 stool specimens were collected from patients suffering from acute diarrhea in Nanjing between October 2012 and December 2013, and were tested further for rotaviruses. Fifty rotavirus isolates selected randomly were typed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction using serotype-specific primers for G genotyping. VP7 genes of 19 G9 strains were sequenced for further genetic characterization. Among the 908 stool specimens examined during the surveillance period, 103 (11.34%) were rotavirus-positive. G9 was the most predominant genotype (78.0%), followed by G2, G1 and G3. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses of the VP7 genes of serotype G9 rotaviruses revealed these strains to comprise two lineages (G9-VI, G9-III) and to be dominated by the G9-VI lineage (which belonged to a unique subcluster of Japanese and Chinese G9 strains). Amino-acid sequences of the four antigenic regions (A, B, C or F) were variant among a portion of strains, which may have contributed to the prevalence of G9 rotaviruses in this area.
Adult ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Antigens, Viral ; chemistry ; genetics ; Capsid Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; China ; Evolution, Molecular ; Humans ; Infant ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Phylogeny ; Rotavirus ; genetics ; immunology ; physiology ; Serogroup

Extensive genomic data concerning medicinal plants are rather scarce and insights of the secondary metabolic pathways and their regulatory mechanism are insufficient, hampering the broad application of cell or tissue cultivation and metabolic engineering to producing high-value secondary metabolites. The integration of cDNA-AFLP based transcript profiling and metabolomics, a new development of functional genomic approaches could establish correlations between the changes of secondary metabolites and expressions of related genes. It has manifested widely applicative prospects in seeking genes involved in biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and exploring secondary metabolic pathways. Functional genomic approaches are promising trends in the field of medicinal plants secondary metabolites research and will lead to better utilization of natural medicinal resources.
Genes, Plant ; genetics ; Genomics ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Plants, Medicinal ; genetics ; metabolism ; Proteomics

In response to the major national strategic needs of "Healthy China" and "Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle", and in strict accordance with the requirements of "New Medicine" construction, Chongqing University builds the medical discipline with a high starting point, develops high-quality medical education, and promotes the exploration and practice of elite education of clinical medical talents in the cross-disciplinary context of medicine and engineering. From the perspective of SWOT, this study analyzed the situations and trends of clinical medical education in "Double First Class" universities which newly established the medical discipline. Combined with the training model of clinical talent class in Chongqing University and the practices of "Four Capacity-Buildings", "Four Integration-Measures", and "Three Optimization-Mechanisms", we discuss the thoughts and strategies of cultivating clinical medical talents in the background of "New Medicine" construction and in the cross-disciplinary context of medicine and engineering.